Paradijskerk
The Paradijskerk is an old Catholic church building on the Nieuwe Binnenweg in Rotterdam . It is available as Rijksmonument with the number 32801 under monument protection .
history
From the house chapel to the schuilkerk
In 1647, chaplain Bernardus Hoogewerff (1613–1653) donated the building site for a new church in Rotterdam, as the previous schuilkerk an de Oppert had become too small. This happened in the house where he was born, called Het Paradijs ("Paradise"), located in the old city center of Rotterdam between the Slijkvaart (later Lange Torenstraat ) and the Delftsevaart , not far from the Laurenskerk . The new church was dedicated to the apostles Peter and Paul , it was recognized as a parish by Philippus Rovenius in 1649 .
In 1718 the construction of a new schuilkerk began on the Lange Torenstraat on the site of a chapel that had become too small , which was completed a year later. This church was decorated with sculptures by Alexander Dominicus Pluskens .
On the occasion of the Utrecht Schism of 1723, the parish joined the Utrecht Cathedral Chapter and thus belonged to the Oud-Bisschoppelijke Clerezie , the later Oud-Katholieke Kerk van Nederland .
Only when the building received a new porch in 1901 was it recognizable as a church from the street.
New building
In 1907 the church on the Delftsevaart fell into disrepair and could no longer be used. The community decided to build a new church building on the Nieuwe Binnenweg based on the design by the architect Petrus Augustinus Weeldenburg . Construction began in 1908, and on June 30, 1910 was neo-baroque church by the bishop of Deventer Nicolaus Bartholomeus Peter Spit , at the same time pastor was the church in Rotterdam, consecrated .
Church towers and bells
The double, neo-baroque style church towers, which are 50 meters high and are reminiscent of a cathedral, are striking . Bells can only be found in the right church tower . The first bell was donated in 1960 for the 50th anniversary of the community and consecrated on June 29, 1960 by the Archbishop of Utrecht Andreas Rinkel . The other three bells date from 1999 and were named after earlier Old Catholic churches in Rotterdam. All bells are rung by hand.
| No. | Surname | Chime | Diameter (cm) |
Weight (kg) |
Bell caster | Casting year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Petrus en Paulus | a 1 | 92 | 479 | Eijsbouts | 1960 |
| 2 | Laurentius | c sharp 2 | 76.7 | 287 | Eijsbouts | 1999 |
| 3 | Mary Magdalene | e 2 | 66 | 190 | Eijsbouts | 1999 |
| 4th | James Maior | f sharp 2 | 60 | 147 | Eijsbouts | 1999 |
Furnishing
Entrance area
Above the main entrance is the figure of an angel created by Simon Miedema , who extends his arms hospitably. Below you can read the Bible verse from John 20:19 EU “Peace be upon you.” In the gable area there is a mosaic that shows the blessing of the children by Jesus .
Interior
The church has lead-framed windows made by the Brussels glass artist Louis Struys . They represent St. Peter, the Apostle John, St. Paul, Willibrord , Thomas von Kempen and Augustine .
The furnishings of the older church from the 18th century were taken over into the later building, including the high altar , the organ , the tabernacle and the communion bench . The sculptures of the altar, the pulpit, the communion bench and the organ front were made by the Flemish sculptor Alexander Dominicus Pluskens.
The original altarpiece , which depicted the transfiguration of Jesus , was replaced by a new altarpiece by Huib Luns when moving to the new church .
During the bombing of Rotterdam in May 1940 almost all the churches in the center of Rotterdam were destroyed, only the Paradijskerk was spared. It is therefore the only church in Rotterdam with preserved baroque furnishings.
organ
History of the organ
origin
When building the organ , Christian Gottlieb Friedrich Witte used the existing organ case and other parts of an instrument that came from the organ builder Matthijs Verhofstadt . The housing is dated 1721, when Verhofstadt a new organ for the former Paradijskerk predisposed . The prospectus comes from the Flemish sculptor Alexander Dominicus Pluskens, who also created other furnishings for the Paradijskerk .
The round pedal tower in the middle of the prospectus is flanked by side panels that protrude to the rear. The tall pipe towers with descending topline are very unusual for that time in the Netherlands. The ornamentation refers to works by Daniel Marot .
The pipe stock comes to a part of the 18th century, particularly the register Bourdon 16 '(treble) Prestant 8', Roerfluit 8 ', Octaaf 4', Fluit 4 ', Mixtuur and trumpet (bekers) in the main work; Holfluit 8 'and Woudfluit 2' in the breastwork; Octaaf 8 'and Fluit 8' in the pedal. The rest of the pipework dates from 1858, especially the Quint 3 'and the Octaaf 2' in the main work as well as the Prestant 4 'in the breastwork.
Conversions
The organ was removed from the then Paradijskerk in 1907 because it was in a state of disrepair. Three years later the instrument was rebuilt in the newly built church. The organ case was placed deeper and the instrument was expanded to include an upper work and a swell box. A Gemshoorn 8 'register has also been added. The quint 3 'of the main work has been replaced by a Viola d'Amour 8'.
De Koff installed a wind regulator in 1914. In 1927 he provided the organ with a new free-standing console, which was a few meters in front of the organ, and the previous console disappeared. A coupling pedal-breastwork was added to the disposition, a Voix Céleste 8 'was placed on the wind chest of the Gemshorn.
Restorations
In 1972 and 1973 the organ building company Verschueren (Heythuysen) carried out a comprehensive restoration, starting with the condition of 1858. The console from 1927 was removed and the manuals and the pedal as well as the action were reconstructed in their original position. The organ case was rebuilt to its previous depth and the swell box of the upper work was enlarged. The windchests were restored and the disposition revised. In the main work, the Viola d'Amour 8 'and Woudfluit 2' registers have been replaced by a new Quint 3 'and a new Octaaf 2', and the composition of the Cornet has been revised. The registers Gemshoorn 8 'and Voix Céleste 8' ran on the upper work, and the Prestant 8 'was increased to a Prestant 4'. The Woudfluit 2 'was also moved to the main plant.
Disposition
The arrangement of the organ is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
Clergy
The following people worked as pastors at the Paradijskerk:
- Bernardus Moldijk (1647-1648)
- Johannes van Oyen (1649-1652)
- Adrianus van Oudheusden (1652–1682)
- Hugo Franciscus Gael (1682–1693)
- Petrus van Kuyk (1693-1717)
- Johannes van Beek (1717–1751)
- Matthias Theodorus Hachten (1751–1752)
- Franciscus de Haan (1752–1766)
- Cornelius Kas (1766–1792)
- Gijsbertus de Jong , Bishop of Deventer (1792-1824)
- Gerardus Spit (1824-1859)
- Johannes Verhey (1859-1884)
- Nicolaus Bartholomeus Petrus Spit , Bishop of Deventer (1884–1922)
- Petrus Johannes van Buuren (1922–1945)
- Franciscus Timotheüs van der Steen (1945–1949)
- Johannes Adrianus Jan van Zanten (1949–1953)
- Gerhardus Anselmus van Kleef (1953–1967), then Bishop of Haarlem
- Jan Bergers (1968–1970)
- George Johan Blom (1970–1974)
- Frederik Smit (1974–1980)
- Jacob Spaans (1980-1983)
- Antonius Jan Glazemaker , Archbishop of Utrecht (1984)
- Willem Albert Eman (1985)
- Jan Nieuwenhuizen (1985-1993)
- Wietse Berend van der Velde (1993-2002)
- Franciscus Antonius van Sark (2003-2008)
- Pieter van Tilburg (2008–2012)
- Hans de Rie (since 2012)
use
The church building is owned by the Old Catholic parish of HH. Petrus en Paulus . From 1968 up to and including 2015 it was rented by the former Roman Catholic St. Joseph Parish. After this parish merged with two other parishes, the Paradijskerk was given up as a Roman Catholic church service station and the lease was terminated.
literature
- L. Schade van Westrum: Kerken oud catholic. Three new hidden results from a peculiar loofsgemeenschap. Walburg Pers, Zutphen 2010.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ T. van Dam (Ed.): 1910–2010 - 100 jaar Paradijskerk. Parish of the Paradijskerk, Rotterdam 2010.
- ↑ a b c d e f De geschiedenis van de Parochie van de HH. Petrus en Paulus. In: Paradijskerk. Old Catholic Church of the Netherlands , accessed January 17, 2020 (Dutch).
- ↑ a b c d Kerkgebouw. Retrieved January 17, 2020 (Dutch).
- ↑ Beeldhouwwerk van AD Pluskens in de Paradijskerk
- ↑ a b c d e f Rotterdam, Nederland (Zuid-Holland) - Oud-Katholieke Kerk van de HH Petrus en Paulus (Het Paradijs). In: Organ database. October 2, 2019, accessed January 18, 2020 (Dutch).
- ^ Johannes Parochie Rotterdam
- ^ Parochieblad Johannesparochie , February 2014, p. 13 (Dutch)
Coordinates: 51 ° 55 ′ 1.5 ″ N , 4 ° 28 ′ 16.5 ″ E