Paschinger Schlössl

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Paschinger Schlössl on the Kapuzinerberg in Salzburg

The Paschinger Schlössl is a villa-like building on the Kapuzinerberg in Salzburg , Kapuzinerberg 5. It was built in the 17th century and expanded several times in the 19th century. The Schlössl is a listed building and is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Historic Center of the City of Salzburg .
It is best known for the fact that Stefan Zweig owned the house from 1917 to 1937, had it renovated and lived there for 15 years.

history

Stefan-Zweig-Weg on the Kapuzinerberg
Felixtor on the way to the Paschinger Schlössl
Imbergstiege to the Kapuzinerberg

The area opposite the Capuchin monastery was designated as a garden in 1650. In the event of war (the Thirty Years War was only two years over) it was to be made available to the archbishop free of charge as an arsenal . But this emergency never happened, also because of the strong city fortifications of Salzburg. The Schlössl has been documented as the hunting lodge of Salzburg Archbishop Paris Graf von Lodron since 1639 . It extends above a garden divided into terraces. Before 1793 Anna Helene Hermes von Fürstenhof owned the property and used it with her family as a summer house. Nannerl Mozart taught both daughters to play the piano. Both she and Wolfgang Amadé Mozart visited Die Hermesin frequently, e.g. B. several times in the summer of 1783. At that time the house was called Hermesvilla . It received its later name from Anton Paschinger, who owned the castle from 1793 to 1823.

In 1917, Stefan Zweig and his future wife Friderike von Winternitz accidentally noticed the badly dilapidated property during a visit to Salzburg. The owner, a major Viennese industrialist, was ready to sell the property. The financial management was entrusted to Friderike. In order to make the house habitable, a lot had to be invested, it had no electric light, insufficient heating, no telephone, and the path to the Kapuziner Berg was not illuminated either. Despite the war and the lack of everything, a contract was signed with a construction company to renovate the house. After a lot of inconvenience - after the war the house was partly occupied by other residents - Stefan Zweig was also able to move in. Due to the lack of apartments, the Salzburg city administration wanted to convert the rococo hall into four rooms in order to find accommodation for two families. But Friderike had already given two rooms to a family. This could be prevented by intervening at the Office for Monument Protection - the hall was shown in the art topography of the State of Salzburg - and after paying a transfer fee, which was almost the original purchase price of the house. Later, the police cavalry officer Franz Schirl moved in with his wife Erika, with whom there was always a good relationship.

Stefan Zweig lived here between 1919 and 1934 with his first wife Friderike and their two daughters Alix and Suse from their first marriage. According to his wife's memoirs, Zweig wrote around 200,000 manuscript pages in this house. The house was equipped with a rich library, the landlord bought antique furniture (including Ludwig van Beethoven's desk ) and put his precious autograph collection here. Despite his cosmopolitanism, the poet had a close relationship with the city of Salzburg; he regularly went down the steep Kalvarienweg into the city to read the newspapers in the Café Bazar or to play chess in the Café Mozart's chess club with Emil Fuchs, who was then social-democratic. The Gaisberg was climbed by him in the wake of Hermann Bahr as well as the Untersberg .

The famous writer Zweig made the Paschinger Schlössl an outstanding meeting place for international greats of the time, primarily for writers and musicians (including Thomas Mann , Hugo von Hofmannsthal , James Joyce , Richard Strauss , Arthur Schnitzler , George Wells , Carl Zuckmayer , Franz Werfel , Hans Carossa , Jakob Wassermann , Romain Rolland or Hermann Bahr). Jules Romains gave the house the name "Villa (in) Europe" because of these numerous foreign visitors.

Because of the justified fears that National Socialism could spread from the German Reich to Austria, Stefan Zweig turned away from Salzburg in 1934 and went to England. Attempts by the Salzburg Governor Franz Rehrl to persuade Zweig to stay in Salzburg were unsuccessful. Zweig urged his wife to sell the property, and although Friderike Zweig and her children were very fond of this house, which had become their home, it was sold on May 18, 1937 to the Gollhofer family, owners of a clothes shop in Salzburg. This family still owns the villa today.

The Schlössl is known by the names of its various owners. A land purchase is documented in 1639 by Peter Ettinger, from 1766 to 1793 it belonged to Anna Helena Hermes, from 1793 to 1823 Anton Paschinger, from 1824 to 1867 Matthias Gschnitzer, from 1867 to 1905 Wilhelm Pletsch, Marie von Ziegler, from 1916 to 1919 Dr. Josef Kranz, industrialist, Stefan Zweig from 1919 to 1937 and of the Gollhofer family since 1937.

Paschinger Schlössl

Entrance door to the Paschinger Schlössl

The core of the house dates from the 2nd half of the 17th century. It has been rebuilt several times. The house consists of an elongated building block and has three floors with a hipped roof and a small tower. On the first floor there is a bay window from the 2nd half of the 19th century. There are two-storey extensions under a gable roof to the side and a mansard roof in the south. The uniform window structure is from the end of the 19th century.

In the five-wing main room there is a rococo oven and a 100-year-old wallpaper by the famous wallpaper painter Dufour. The old fortifications of the Kapuzinerberg are included in the house. A bowling alley was previously set up between the rooms and the rear city wall, and a ball with which Emperor Franz Josef had played bowling hung on the wall . Several retaining walls and outside stairs form an ornamental garden below the main building, which has a porch with a wood-paneled basement and an upper floor with a flat roof and iron railing against the terraces. A steep path leads to the house, which was previously paved with wooden sticks, hence the name Prügelweg (today asphalt surface). The road leads through the Felix Gate, built in 1632, along a calvary path leading to the monastery. The self-designed door at the foot of the garden to the property at Am Kapuzinerberg 5 is a gift from the poet's first wife.

literature

  • Lorenz Hübner : Description of the Prince-Archbishop's capital and residence city of Salzburg and its areas, combined with its oldest history . First volume. Topography. With 2 copper plates. In the publisher of the author ( printed by FX Oberer ), Salzburg 1792.
  • Friderike M. Zweig: Stefan Zweig - How I experienced him. Stockholm, New Publisher (NV), 1947.

Web links

Commons : Paschinger Schlössl  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

proof

  1. ^ Günther G. Bauer : Mozart and Constanze 1783 on a visit to Salzburg . (Salzburg Studies, Research on History, Art and Culture, Volume 12). Salzburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-902582-05-8 . P. 113f.
  2. Lorenz Hübner: Description of the prince-archbishop's capital and residence city of Salzburg and its areas combined with its oldest history . First volume, Salzburg 1792, pp. 315 and 327.
  3. Reinhard Medicus: Settlement history of the Kapuzinerberg. In Bastei , 2011, 60/3, 17–22.
  4. Friderike M. Zweig, 1948, p. 127.
  5. Friderike M. Zweig, 1948, p. 186
  6. Adolf Haslinger, Peter Mittermayr (ed.): Salzburger Kulturlexikon. Residenzverlag, Salzburg 2001, p. 575 f., ISBN 3-7017-1129-1 .
  7. a b Dehio Salzburg 1986 , Salzburg on the right of the Salzach , entry Paschinger-Schlößl , p. 626.
  8. anno.onb.ac.at/Salzburger Volksblatt, April 20, 1937

Coordinates: 47 ° 48 ′ 9.5 ″  N , 13 ° 2 ′ 51.9 ″  E