Paul Kalweit

Paul Kalweit (born February 17, 1867 in Domnau in East Prussia, † April 19, 1944 in Langfuhr ) was a German Protestant theologian.

Life

Paul (Friedrich Max) Kalweit was born as the son of a teacher and cantor in the East Prussian town of Domnau (Bartenstein district). He graduated from the Collegium Fridericianum in Königsberg and studied Protestant theology at the Albertus University . After the ordination (February 25, 1894) he was pastor in the East Prussian border town of Eydtkuhnen . In 1886 he renounced in the Corps Baltia Königsberg . In 1898 he was appointed director of the newly established Silesian seminary in Naumburg am Queis . From the University of Jena he received his doctorate in philosophy (both externally) in 1900 and a doctorate in theology ( Lic. Theol. ) In 1902 . In 1912 he received the first parish at St. Mary's Church (Danzig) , which was connected with the office of city superintendent. Since 1918 he was a consistorial councilor of the church administration (Konsistorium) of the church province West Prussia of the Evangelical Church in Prussia Prussia.

On April 1, 1921, Kalweit took over the management of the Danzig Consistory as successor to Wilhelm Reinhard . The German Evangelical Church Committee in Berlin, the interim governing body of the Evangelical Church in Prussia, appointed him on September 30, 1921, initially provisionally as the leading clergyman - with the title of "General Superintendent" - of the Evangelical Regional Synodal Association of the Free City of Danzig , a church body that , contrary to the political situation, remained part of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union even after 1918 . He has held this post regularly since December 14, 1924. During his tenure, Gdańsk's Marienkirche was extensively renovated. Kalweit played a considerable part in the introduction of a new hymn book for the province of East Prussia, in the theological training of the pastors and in the development of Protestant church structures in the new Polish state.

In the critical early phase of the church struggle , he joined the Confessing Church , but without appearing confrontational. With the German-Christian dominated Prussian general synod ("Brown Synod") of 4/5. September 1933 passed "Bishop's Law", he was removed from office and put into retirement. His successor was Johannes Beermann .

Kalweit represented a liberal theology . Several theological and religious-philosophical monographs bear testimony to this, including the "Introduction to the Philosophy of Religion " (1921), which was printed in large numbers . His work also includes interpretations of biblical texts, sermons and religious introductory texts (Our faith. An instruction for adults, 1934). A number of larger contributions on dogmatic topics are also significant for the first and second editions of the concise theological dictionary " Religion in Past and Present ". He was close to the circle around the cultural Protestant magazine “ Die Christliche Welt ”, was a member of the Kant Society (whose Gdansk local department he headed for a long time) and participated in the World Association for Church Friendship and other international church conferences with a pacifist orientation.

Kalweit had been married since 1894 and had three daughters; widowed, he later entered into a second marriage. After his retirement he moved back to Danzig-Langfuhr. The cross he wore as a sign of his church leadership is now in Lübeck's Marienkirche .

Award

• Awarded an honorary doctorate (D. theol. Hc) from the University of Giessen ; Promotion day: November 10, 1911.

Theological writings

• The practical justification of the concept of God in Lotze , A. Kampf: Jena, 1900 (Diss. Phil.).
• The justification of religion , A. Kampf: Jena, 1902 (Diss. Theol.).
• Kant's position on the church (Writings of the Synodal Commission for East Prussian Church History. Issue 2), Commission publisher Ferd. Beyer's bookstore: Königsberg i. Pr., 1904.
• The position of religion in the spiritual life (From nature and spiritual life. 225th volume), BG Teubner, Leipzig, 1908.
• Dogmatics and the history of religion , Dietmar: Langensalza, 1908.
• The religious a priori. In: Theological Studies and Criticisms 1908.
• On the question of the critical resolution of the problem of free will. In: German-Evangelical. Monthly pages for the whole of German Protestantism 1914.
• Introduction to the philosophy of religion (From nature and spiritual world. 225th volume), BG Teubner: Leipzig and Berlin, 1921 (second edition of the book "The position of religion" from 1908).
• Rudolf Euckens religious-philosophical achievement (writings from the Euckenkreis. Volume 24 / Friedrich Mann's pedagogical magazine. Volume 1140), Beyer: Langensalza; 1927.
• The evangelical-ecclesiastical spirit in the work of the Gustav-Adolf-Verein . In: Evangelical Diaspora and Gustav Adolf Association. For the seventieth birthday of the chairman of the Gustav Adolf-Verein, Verlag des Centralvorstandes des Evang. Association of the Gustav Adolf Foundation, Leipzig, 1930, pp. 187–212
• Our faith . An instruction for adults, Chr. Kaiser Verlag : Munich, 1934.
• Annunciation , Chr. Kaiser Published by Munich, 1937.

For the first edition of the concise dictionary " The Religion in History and Present " (Tübingen, 1909 to 1913), he wrote seventeen, mostly extensive articles, among other things on the keywords "Trinity", "Development, religious of man", "God: concept of God of Christianity (dogmatic) "," man (dogmatic) "," religious psychology "," creation and maintenance (dogmatic) "," guilt "," soul of man "," providence "," world (dogmatic) "and" miracle (dogmatic) ".

Religious and exegetical writings

• War Sermon , Kaminsky: Danzig, [1918].
• The letter to the Philippians . Translated and interpreted (Biblical Help for the Congregation. New Testament Series. Volume 11), Gustav Schloeßmanns Verlagsbuchhandlung, Leipzig and Hamburg, [1936].
  • New edition: The letter to the Philippians / Kurt Puttkammer: The letters to the Thessalonians , JG Oncken Verlag: Kassel, 1958
• In Christ . Daily devotions, Verlag Friedrich Bahn (Schwerin), [1937].
• The Book of Job . A handout for Bible study (homiletic-catechetical archive. Second piece), C. Ludwig Unartikel: Dresden, 1940.

editor

• Evangelical school hymn book for religious instruction containing 99 chorales and traditional folk songs with melodies, the liturgy and notes . Published by Paul Kalweit and Konrad Krieschen, published and printed by AW Kafemann, Danzig, 1931.

literature

• Andrae: Kalweit, Paul. In: Religion Past and Present. Volume 2, Tübingen, 1912, Col. 893-894.
• Kalweit, Paul Friedrich Max. In: Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 1: A-K. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1930, DNB 453960286 , p. 876.
• Gerhard M. Gülzow : D. Dr. Paul Kalweit on his 100th birthday, in: Danzig-West Prussian Church Letter. No. 78/1966.
• Gerhard Gülzow: Church fight in Danzig 1934-1945 . Personal memories, Leer (East Frisia), 1968.
• Heinz Neumeyer: Church history of Danzig and West Prussia from a Protestant perspective. Volume 2, Leer, 1977.
• Gerhard Lippky: Kalweit, Paul. In: Old Prussian biography. Volume IV, Marburg / Lahn, 1995, p. 1114 (with further literature).
• Kalweit, Paul (Friedrich Max). In: German Biographical Encyclopedia . Second, revised and expanded edition, Vol. 5, KG Saur: Munich 2006, p. 470.

See also

• List of superintendents general in Gdansk

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 84/200.
2. ↑ Philosophical dissertation: Lotze's practical justification of the concept of God .
3. ^ Theological dissertation: The foundation of religion .
4. ↑ Theologische Realenzyklopädie Volume 8, De Gruyter: Berlin / New York, 1981, p. 357. ISBN 3-11-008563-1 .

predecessor	Office	successor
Wilhelm Reinhard ( as GenSupt for the Church Province of West Prussia )	General Superintendent of Landessynodalverbandes the Free City of Danzig 1921 - 1933	Johannes Beermann ( as Bishop of the Regional Synod Association of St. Danzig )