Paul Schebesta

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Paul Joachim Schebesta (SVD), (Czech Pavel Šebesta; born March 20, 1887 in Groß Peterwitz , district of Ratibor ; † September 17, 1967 in Mödling near Vienna ) was a Steyler missionary , ethnologist and researcher of so-called dwarf peoples ( Pygmies , Negrito ) of Africa and Asia, to which he made several research trips.

Life

Paul Schebesta attended grammar school in Neisse and from 1905 studied ethnology and theology in the St. Gabriel Mission House in Maria Enzersdorf . After receiving his ordination in 1911 he was sent to Mozambique as a member of the Society of the Divine Word ( Divine Word Missionaries) , where he was interned during the First World War . Since 1921 he was a lecturer in the St. Gabriel Mission House .

Schebesta devoted himself to ethnological studies and undertook research trips to Malaysia (1924/25) and the Philippines (1938/39). Since the 1930s he was mainly concerned with the pygmies of Central Africa (especially the Bambuti pygmies from Ituri), whose living conditions he explored on a total of four expeditions (1929, 1934/35, 1949/50, 1954).

From 1947 he taught at the Vienna University for World Trade .

His ethnological oeuvre can be classified entirely in the tradition of his confreres, Fathers Wilhelm Schmidt (1868–1954), Wilhelm Koppers (1886–1961) and Martin Gusinde (1886–1969) around the Anthropos Institute and its representatives of the culture group . He tried to prove that monotheism was the original form of religion, while polytheism, on the other hand, was a cultural phenomenon of degeneration .

In 1957 he received the Ring of Honor of the City of Vienna for his achievements.

Fonts

  • With the Malaya jungle dwarfs. Leipzig, Brockhaus, 1927
  • Orangutan. With the jungle people of Malayas and Sumatra. Leipzig, FA Brockhaus Verlag, 1928
  • The religious beliefs of the Semang dwarves from Malaya (back India). Düsseldorf, printed and published by L. Schwann, 1928 ( Religious Sources . Volume: 52)
  • Bambuti, the dwarfs from the Congo. Leipzig, FA Brockhaus, 1932
  • Anthropologie středoafrických Pygmejů v Belgickém Kongu , Česká akademie věd a umění, 1933
  • Thoroughbreds and half-dwarves. Research among forest negroes and half-pygmies on the Ituri in the Belgian Congo. Leipzig, Verlag Anton Pustet 1934
  • The jungle calls again. My second research trip to the Ituri dwarves. Salzburg Anton Pustet 1936
  • The Bambuti pygmies from Ituri. Vol. 2: Ethnography of the Ituri Bambuti. Part 1: The Ituri Bambuti economy (Belgian Congo). Libraire Falk fils / van Campenhout Bruxelles 1941
  • The Bambuti pygmies from Ituri. Atlantis-Verlag issue 4 1937
  • People with no history. A research trip to the 'wild' peoples of the Philippines and Malayas 1938/39. Mödling 1947.
  • The Negrito of Asia. 2 volumes, 2nd volume in 2 volumes. Vienna-Mödling, St.-Gabriel, 1954 and 1957
  • (Ed.) Origin of Religion. Results of prehistoric and ethnological experiences. Berlin. More publishing house. 1961.
  • Portugal's conquista mission in Southeast Africa: Mission history of Zambezi and the Monomotapa Empire (1560–1920) St. Augustin, Steyler Verlag 1966 (Studia Instituti Missiologici SVD No. 7) ISBN 3-87787-022-8
  • Mezi nejmenšími lidmi světa , Praha, Mladá Fronta, 1959 (co-author: Sína Lvová)
    • Portugal: a Missao da Conquista no Sudeste de Africa. Historia das Missioes da Zembesia e do Reino Monomotapa (1560–1920) . Missionarios do Verbo Divino: Lisboa 2011, ISBN 978-989-97552-0-8 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pavel Šebesta river made domorodci | Velvyslanectvi České republiky Kuala L… November 19, 2013, accessed on April 3, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Gerald Gaillard, "The Routledge Dictionary of Anthropologists," Routledge, 2013, p. 47
personal data
SURNAME Schebesta, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schebesta, Paul Joachim (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German missionary, ethnologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Groß Peterwitz , Ratibor district
DATE OF DEATH 17th September 1967
Place of death Mödling