Ulrichskirchen parish church
The Roman Catholic parish church Ulrichskirchen is located in the village of Ulrichskirchen in the Ulrichskirchen-Schleinbach community in the Mistelbach district in Lower Austria . It is consecrated to St. Ulrich and belongs to the Wolkersdorf deanery in the vicariate Unter dem Manhartsberg of the Archdiocese of Vienna . The building is a listed building .
Location description
The church stands on a hill in the center of the village. Together with the rectory, it is surrounded by remains of the formerly fortified medieval cemetery wall.
history
The original church was built as a Romanesque hall building, possibly over the remains of a castle wall. The foundation of the parish can be traced back to the split from the Parish Pillichsdorf in the middle of the 12th century. The parish is first mentioned in a document in 1161. Around 1300 the church was built as a Gothic building with a choir, which was possibly planned as a two-tower complex. Until the 16th century, the parish was connected to Pillichsdorf to a benefice , which was even partially in a personal union . After that, the parish was an independent episcopal rural parish, which was subordinated to the sovereign in 1785. In 1669 and 1670 the nave was redesigned in Baroque style .
architecture
- Church exterior
The building is a Gothic stacked church , the nave of which has been redesigned in Baroque style. The church has a mighty, squat nave. It is essentially Gothic and dates from the end of the 13th century and is located under a gable roof that is hipped to the west. The retracted choir from the end of the 13th century is polygonally closed. The choir has a continuous cranked base zone and is structured by buttresses . At the end of the choir there are three pointed arched windows with double fluted soffits . The lancet windows have two lanes and have tracery in the form of quatrefoil and star shapes. The four-story church tower stands in the northern corner of the choir, the lower floors are Gothic with slit windows. On the third floor there are walled up, coupled arched windows, the baroque bell floor was built in 1669. The mansard helmet dates from the last quarter of the 18th century. On the west facade, at the approach of the north aisle, square stone blocks have been exposed. Possibly these are remnants of the nave wall of the Romanesque predecessor building. The west portal was created in 1669. The high arched windows date from 1840. On the north side of the choir is a late Gothic shoulder arch portal . It is the entrance to the early Gothic lower church with formwork impressions from around 1100. Below is a vaulted room with escape exits. To the north of the nave is a simple chapel extension that was built in the 16th century. The extension has a simple plastered field structure and on the east side is a bricked up late Gothic rectangular portal with beveled walls. A former chapel from the 17th century adjoins the nave on the south side. Today it is used as an anteroom. The vestibule is vaulted and decorated with stucco ribbons and rosettes. To the south of the choir, the sacristy adjoins a baroque extension from the 18th century. The original sacristy has a Gothic wall core and is possibly the tower ground floor of the second Gothic tower. On the south side is a red marble tombstone that André Reiter from Reichenhall created in 1681.
- Church interior
The church has a three-aisled, Gothic core from the 13th and 14th centuries. The central nave is probably the rest of the Romanesque hall building. The central nave has three bays, above it is a baroque lancet barrel vault , which rests on wall templates and a circumferential cranked beam from around 1670. On the west side is a three-axis organ loft that is arched with a cross ridge and rests on columns. The central nave is open to the side aisles in arched arcades that rest on heavy pillars that were encased around 1670. In the western yoke is a chamfered, pointed arch arcade. The side aisles were groin vaulted in the 17th century. The late Gothic triumphal arch that separates the nave from the choir is drawn in and consists of beveled quarry stone masonry with double grooves. The Gothic choir is slightly raised and has a single bay. The square choir bay could have been the Romanesque choir square. The choir ends in the 5/8 ending. Above it is a rib vault with small rosette-shaped keystones . The pear-shaped ribs are grouped into service bundles with profiled capitals and shaft rings . The wall structure is very dense in connection with the double-grooved frame of the Gothic tracery windows. In the south wall of the choir is a two-part session with three-pass tracery. The rectangular sacrament niche dates from the 16th century. A round stone, a former firing stone of the Romanesque church, is walled into a small arched niche in the chancel. A griffin and a worm are depicted on it. The side chapel north of the nave is vaulted with a basket arch . In between are belt arches . The core of the sacristy is early Gothic and was laid flat in 1845.
Wall paintings from the second half of the 16th century have been exposed in some places. They show the remains of figural scenes on the south wall of the nave. Possibly these are depictions of saints. There are plant motifs on the triumphal arch and geometric ornaments in black and white in the southwest side aisle yoke. These are possibly remnants of the Romanesque plaster.
On the windows in the choir are stained glass from the years 1902 and 1904. They depict Saints Ida , Leopold , Friedrich and Maria .
Furnishing
The high altar is a free-standing altar with a late Romanesque cafeteria from the 12th century in neo-Gothic cladding. The tabernacle from the first half of the 19th century was decorated with side baroque reliefs of Saints Peter and Mary. These reliefs come from the original confessionals from the second quarter of the 18th century. The baroque wooden crucifix was created in the first half of the 18th century. Above it is a floating Madonna figure from around 1330. It is made of polychromed linden wood. The halo around the figure was added in 1845. On the side are wooden chandelier angels from the mid-19th century.
In the north aisle is an altar from 1840. A group of figures "Mary with two angels" stands on it. Two of the figures are baroque.
In the northern nave chapel is the former high altar painting, which depicts St. Ulrich. It was painted in 1692 and is located in a round-arched altar structure from the first half of the 19th century.
In the south aisle there is a group of figures "Farewell Christ from Mary" from 1702. This group of figures was originally located in the holiday chapel southeast of the village. The baroque wooden pulpit from 1718 is decorated with marquetry . It has a massive four-sided basket on pine cones . On the pulpit there are reliefs of the four evangelists, on the back wall of the pulpit "Jesus as Good Shepherd" is depicted.
The 14 pictures of the Stations of the Cross were made in 1845, the hunched Renaissance baptismal font is from around 1580. On the baroque cover is a group of figures depicting the “Baptism of Jesus”. This dates from the end of the 18th century. The two baroque confessionals have inlays from the second quarter of the 18th century. The small baroque figure depicting St. John Nepomuk was created in the middle of the 18th century and is badly damaged.
There are some gravestones and memorial stones in the church. A figural red marble tombstone was created for Hans Christoph von Zelking and his wife († 1525, † 1534). They have a knight relief and a coat of arms cartouche. A coat of arms gravestone with cartouche was created for Friedrich Ludwig Wallowitz in 1569. There is also an incised tombstone from 1604 and a memorial stone from that year. The second was created for Pastor Augustin Gall and has an Art Nouveau relief "Good Shepherd".
organ
The single manual organ was built by Franz Strommer in 1877 and expanded in 1977. The two-part case is in the neo-renaissance style .
Bell jar
The bell was cast by Franz Josef Scheichel in 1782 .
literature
- Dehio manual . The art monuments of Austria: Lower Austria. North of the Danube. Ulrich churches. Parish church hl. Ulrich. Bundesdenkmalamt (Ed.), Verlag Anton Schroll & Co, Vienna 1990, ISBN 3-7031-0585-2 , p. 1189ff.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Lower Austria - immovable and archaeological monuments under monument protection. ( Memento of May 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) . Federal Monuments Office , as of June 26, 2015 (PDF).
Coordinates: 48 ° 24 ′ 2.2 " N , 16 ° 29 ′ 38" E