Phellins

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Phellins
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Phellinaceae
Genre : Phellins
Scientific name of the  family
Phellinaceae
( Loes. ) Takht.
Scientific name of the  genus
Phellins
Labill.

Phelline is the only genus of the plant family of Phellinaceae in the order of the switch-like (Asterales). The areas of about 15 species are limited to New Caledonia .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Phelline species are evergreen trees or shrubs . The secondary growth in thickness is based on a conventional cambium ring . The axial xylem of the shoot axes has tracheids . The plant parts do not contain any milky sap .

The leaves are alternate or more or less whorled on the branches, often concentrated at the branch ends. The leathery leaf blades are simple and have entire margins. Stipules are missing.

Generative characteristics

Phelline species are dioeciously segregated ( dioecious ). The flowers stand together in lateral, simple or compound, paniculate or racemose inflorescences (inflorescence).

The unisexual flowers are radial symmetry and four to six-fold with a double flower envelope . The number of bracts and stamens is the same. The two bract circles are clearly different. The four to six small sepals are usually more or less fused at their base and are already open in the bud stage. The four to six small, free petals are fleshy and in the buds they touch without covering each other ( valvat ).

In the male flowers there is only one circle with four to six free, fertile stamens ; they are all the same and not fused with the petals. The tetrasporangiaten dust bag open with a longitudinal slot. The colporate pollen grains have three apertures. A rudimentary gynoeceum is present in the male flowers . Staminodes are present in the female flowers . Two to five carpels are fused to form an upper, two to five- chamber ovary. A stylus is hardly recognizable and so the conspicuously large stigma sits directly above the ovary. There is a hanging ovule in each ovary chamber .

They form stone fruits with two to five stone cores and two to five seeds. The seeds contain abundant endosperm .

Sets of chromosomes

The basic chromosome number is x = 17; in diploidy the chromosome number is 2n = 34.

Systematics

The genus Phelline was set up in 1824 by Jacques Julien Houtou de Labillardière in Sertum Austro-Caledonicum , pp. 35-36. Type species is Phelline comosa Labill.

The genus Phelline was formerly part of the Aquifoliaceae family . The Phellinaceae family was founded by Armen Takhtajan in Sistema i Filogenija CvetkovyhRastenij. Nauka, Moskva - Leningrad. The families Phellinaceae, Argophyllaceae and Alseuosmiaceae form a related group within the order Asterales .

Barriera 2017 added a new species and made a new combination.

All species are only found in New Caledonia .

It was by the end of 2017 up to 13, then there are about 15 phelline typologies:

Identical names

Among the mushrooms there was also a family Phellinaceae, today Hymenochaetaceae in the order of the bristle disk-like (Hymenochaetales) within the mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) belonging to the mushrooms (Basidiomycota), with the genus Phellinus .

swell

  • The family of Phellinaceae in APWebsite . (Sections systematics, distribution and description)
  • The Phellinaceae family at DELTA by L. Watson and MJ Dallwitz. (Section description)
  • H. Baillon: Les Phelline de la Nouvelle-Calédonie. In: Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris , 1, 1891, pp. 937-939.
  • Gabrielle Barriera: Novitates neocaledonicae. VIII. Taxonomie et nomenclature du genre Phelline (Phellinaceae) avec la description de la nouvelle espèce Phelline barrierei. In: Candollea , Volume 72, Issue 2, December 2017, pp. 361-370. [2]

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i The Phellinaceae family at DELTA by L. Watson and MJ Dallwitz.
  2. ^ Phelline at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  3. ^ Phelline at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed February 15, 2018.
  4. ↑ Jesper Kårehed, Johannes Lundberg, Birgitta Bremer, Kare Bremer: Evolution of the Australasian Families Alseuosmiaceae, Argophyllaceae, and Phellinaceae. In: Systematic Botany , Volume 24, Issue 4, 1999. JSTOR 2419649
  5. ↑ a b c d Gabrielle Barriera: Novitates neocaledonicae. VIII. Taxonomie et nomenclature du genre Phelline (Phellinaceae) avec la description de la nouvelle espèce Phelline barrierei. In: Candollea , Volume 72, Issue 2, December 2017, pp. 361-370 [1] .
  6. ↑ Jérôme Munzinger, Gildas Gâteblé, Yohan Pillon: FLORICAL: Checklist of the vascular indigenous Flora of New Caledonia , Version 22. IV. 2016. ( List of plant species in New Caledonia, PDF ).
  7. ↑ Fire sponges ( Phellinus species) at Holzfragen.de and Phellinaceae - mushrooms. ( Memento of the original from August 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nordenwind.de

Web links