Pielach

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Pielach
Pielachwehr between the municipalities of Kirchberg and Loich (district Dobersnigg)

Pielachwehr between the municipalities of Kirchberg and Loich (district Dobersnigg)

Data
location Mostviertel , Lower Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
source north of Annaberg
47 ° 53 ′ 57 ″  N , 15 ° 20 ′ 6 ″  E
Source height 976  m above sea level A.
muzzle east of Melk in the Danube Coordinates: 48 ° 14 ′ 30 "  N , 15 ° 20 ′ 53"  E 48 ° 14 ′ 30 "  N , 15 ° 20 ′ 53"  E
Mouth height 200  m above sea level A.
Height difference 776 m
Bottom slope 11 ‰
length 70 km
Catchment area 593.1 km²
Discharge at the Hofstetten gauge (Bad)
A Eo : 289.5 km²
Location: 35.45 km above the mouth 		NNQ (November 16, 1983)
MNQ 1951–2011
MQ 1951–2011
Mq 1951–2011
 MHQ 1951–2011
HHQ (May 16, 2014) 		140 l / s
1.82 m³ / s
6.48 m³ / s
22.4 l / (s km²)
 121 m³ / s
330 m³ / s
Drain  at the mouth MQ
 8.4dep1

The Pielach is a river in southwestern Lower Austria , the Mostviertel , and crosses the Pielach valley named after it. It flows north into the Danube .

Run and landscape

The Pielach rises north of Annaberg at an altitude of 976  m above sea level. A. and first crosses the Türnitz Alps and leads west of Sankt Pölten into the Alpine foothills and flows east of Melk at an altitude of about 200  m above sea level. A. in the Danube. The Pielachtal is one of the central river valleys of the Mostviertel and is nestled between the Traisental in the east, the Erlauftal in the south and the Melktal in the west. Its catchment area is about 590 km². On its way from the source to the confluence with the Danube, the Pielach covers a distance of almost 70 km.

The landscape is characterized by hills, wide valleys and a historical cultural landscape. Agricultural use and landscape management have contributed to today's cultural landscape, which is so typical of the Mostviertel: large areas, orchards, smaller forest sections and the dirndls (also known as cornel cherries) . The Pielachtal is not only known as the Dirndl Valley because of the cherry variety, but also because of the tradition of young women wearing dirndls (also known colloquially as “ dirndls ”).

The most important tributaries that flow into the Pielach are from the source to the confluence: the Schwarzenbach, Nattersbach , Weißenbach, Loichbach, Soisbach, Deutschbach, Kremnitzbach and Sierning (confluence with Haunoldstein). The Pielach feeds, among other things, the natural open-air swimming pool “Pielachtaler Sehnsucht” in Hofstetten-Grünau .

More important places are Schwarzenbach an der Pielach , Frankenfels , Kirchberg , Rabenstein , Hofstetten-Grünau , Weinburg , Ober-Grafendorf , Prinzersdorf and Loosdorf . Between Frankenfels and Ober-Grafendorf the route of the Mariazeller Bahn follows the course of the river.

Hydrology

At Hofstetten the river has an average discharge rate of 6.5 m³ / s. During floods on May 16, 2014 , the highest discharge ever measured in the observation period since 1951 was 330 m³ / s.

Surname

During the Roman times the Pielach was called Namaris . Historians assume that this name was adopted almost unchanged from the Celtic. The Pielach is first mentioned as Bielaha in a donation from Charlemagne to the Niederaltaich monastery in 811. Bielaha is made up of the Old Slavic bela , which means white , and the Bavarian aha for Ache .

ecology

Pielach-Ofenloch-Neubacher Au nature reserve

The Pielach is one of the cleanest rivers in Austria. Due to its near-natural bank structure, the Pielach lies throughout its entire course in the Natura 2000 area (European protected areas: FFH area Lower Austrian Alpine Foreland Rivers and Bird Protection Area Pielachtal ) and is very rich in fish. The huchen, which can grow up to 1.5 meters in height, also live in this body of water thanks to their stock. The species-rich fish population is the food source for some water birds such as B. kingfisher , black stork , the rare corncrake and the goosander . Around 100 species of birds exist along the river valley. A vegetarian water inhabitant is also the beaver who immigrated from the Danube floodplains .

Economic use

In the past, many water wheels were operated by mills and factories on the mill streams branched off from the Pielach . Today the Pielach is used by some small power plants to generate electricity .

literature

  • Roman Josef Hödl: The lower Pielachthal, an example of an epigenetic breakthrough valley. Vienna, 1901. In: Festschrift for the celebration of the bicentenary of the existence of the kk Staatsgymnasium in the 8th district of Vienna (scientific supplement to the LI. Annual report) Digitized
  • Franz Trischler: Local history contributions to the award of the Obergrafendorfer market coat of arms in 1959. Preßvereins-Druckerei St. Pölten, 1959.
  • Hans-Peter Nachtnebel: River Study Pielach. Office of the Lower Austrian Provincial Government, Vienna 1984.

Web links

Commons : Pielach  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BMLFUW (Hrsg.): Area directory of the river areas: Danube area from the Enns to the Leitha. In: Contributions to Austria's Hydrography Issue 62, Vienna 2014, p. 55. PDF download , accessed on July 8, 2018.
  2. ↑ Federal Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management (Ed.): Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 2011. 119th Volume. Vienna 2013, p. OG 225, PDF (12.9 MB) on bmlrt.gv.at (Yearbook 2011)
  3. ↑ About the Pielach valley. Retrieved May 16, 2019 .
  4. ↑ A short portrait - The valley of the dirndls. Retrieved May 16, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Mostviertel / Pielachtaler natural swimming pool. Retrieved May 16, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Trischler (1959), p. 17