Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration

Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration ( Georgian პეტრე ივანეს ძე ბაგრატიონი / Petre Iwanes dse Bagrationi ; Russian Пётр Иванович Багратион ; * 1765 in Georgia ; † 12 September ^July / 24 September 1812 was a reg ^. In Simy , Prince Vladimir from the Oblast ) dynasty of the Georgian Bagratids . He was a general in the Russian army .

Life

Bagration's father was the Georgian prince Colonel Ivan Aleksandrovich Bagration. His nephew Pyotr Romanovich Bagration was also a Russian army general.

Bagration entered Russian service in 1782, first involved in the Turkish War from 1787 to 1791, then under Suvorov the Polish campaigns in 1792 and 1794 and in Italy in 1799, where he won the victories at Lecco (April 26) and Cassano d'Adda ( April 27) April) decided on Jean-Victor Moreau and distinguished himself on the Trebbia (June 17th, 18th and 19th), so that Suworow called him his right arm .

Katharina Skawronskaja (1817)

In the years 1800–05, Bagration was married to Countess Katharina Skavronskaja, grandniece of Empress Catherine I on the paternal side and Grigory Alexandrovich Potjomkin on the maternal side . The marriage was divorced because of infidelity of the wife, who had a love affair with the Austrian diplomat Klemens Wenzel Lothar von Metternich .

In the Third Coalition War , on November 16, 1805, he held the 30,000 men Lannes ' and Murats with 6,000 men at Hollabrunn so long that Field Marshal Kutuzov was able to reach Znojmo . After the battle of Austerlitz he covered the retreat of the Russians.

In the Fourth Coalition War in 1806 and 1807 he fought as general of the vanguard under Bennigsen at Preussisch Eylau , Heilsberg and Friedland . For his services, King Friedrich Wilhelm III awarded him . of Prussia in June 1807 the Order of the Black Eagle . In the Russo-Swedish War he snatched Åland from the Swedish General Döbeln on May 17, 1809 . In the Russo-Turkish War (1806-1812) he commanded the Principality of Moldova . He suggested the Ottoman commander Chosrew Pasha on September 16, 1809 at Rassowat conquered Matchin, Hirsova, Ismail and Braila, but besieged the fortress Silistra vain, lost the battle of Tartariza (November 3) and was 1810 Nikolai Mikhailovich Kamenski replaced. After his death in 1811, Bagration took command again.

In 1812 he led the second western army at Slonim . When Napoleon attacked Barclay de Tolly at Hrodna , Bagration forced union with the first western army at Smolensk by a bold march ; but his jealousy of Barclay often hindered the course of operations. Under Kutuzov he commanded the left wing in the Battle of Borodino and was seriously injured by a bullet in the shin early in the morning. After an infection, he died from this wound. The Russian soldiers also called him "Bogration" (Eng. He is the god of the army ).

Bagration's body was transferred from Simy to Borodino in 1839 and buried in the large hill. Under Stalin, his grave was destroyed by communists in 1932 and was not restored until 1987.

Namesake

In the summer of 1944, Stalin named a major offensive by the Red Army with the aim of conquering Minsk after Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration and gave it the code name Operation Bagration . After 1945 the town of Preussisch Eylau in the Russian part of East Prussia was renamed Bagrationowsk , as was the town of Bagrationowo located in the southeast of Kaliningrad Oblast (before 1946 Wiecken , until 1938 Wikischken ).

Individual evidence

↑ According to Mikaberidze's dissertation, the exact date of birth is unknown. It is true that in Петр из рода Багратиони (Журнал Проджи - 12-й номер) ( Memento of 6 September 2012 at the Web archive archive.today ) and Земляки Багратион Петр Иванович (Владимирская энциклопедия) ( Memento of 26 November 2015, Internet Archive ) July 10, 1765 is given as the date of birth, but a primary source for this is unknown.
↑ List of the Knights of the Royal Prussian High Order of the Black Eagle , Berlin 1851, p. 15, digitized .

literature

Alexander Mikaberidze: The Lion of the Russian Army: Life and Military Career of Prince General Peter Bagration . 3 vols., Phil. Diss., Florida State University, 2003
Zurab Tsintsadze: Bagration Voennaia Deiatelnost General Petra Ivanovicha Bagrationa, 1782–1812 . Moskva 1997
V. Gribanov: Bagration v Peterburge . Leningrad 1979

Web links

Commons : Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

personal data
SURNAME	Bagration, Pyotr Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	პეტრე ბაგრატიონი (Georgian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Russian general and general
DATE OF BIRTH	1765
PLACE OF BIRTH	Georgia
DATE OF DEATH	September 24, 1812
Place of death	Simy , Russia

[1] According to Mikaberidze's dissertation, the exact date of birth is unknown. It is true that in Петр из рода Багратиони (Журнал Проджи - 12-й номер) ( Memento of 6 September 2012 at the Web archive archive.today ) and Земляки Багратион Петр Иванович (Владимирская энциклопедия) ( Memento of 26 November 2015, Internet Archive ) July 10, 1765 is given as the date of birth, but a primary source for this is unknown.

[2] List of the Knights of the Royal Prussian High Order of the Black Eagle , Berlin 1851, p. 15, digitized .