Prümer Kalkmulde

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The limestone basins of the Eifel on the line between the Lower Rhine Bay in the north and Trier Bay in the south.

The Prümer Kalkmulde or Prümer Mulde is a landscape area of ​​the southern Kalkeifel, which in turn is assigned to the Eifel . The area is located in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate . The Prümer Kalkmulde is the largest of the Eifelkalkmulde at 240 km². In it , dolomite rock formed from Devonian fringing or barrier reefs on the edge of the rheno-Hercynian basin mix with rocks from other geological periods. It was named after the largest town in the area, the city of Prüm and the river Prüm , whose right bank, running from northeast to southwest, marks the western border of the Mulde. In the east, the Mulde extends beyond the village of Büdesheim to close to the Gerolsteiner Mulde and the Hillesheimer / Ahrdorfer Mulde , the boundaries of which unclearly meet in the red sandstone area of ​​Oberbetting . In the southwest, the valley of Schönecken with the exposed rock formations of Schönecker Schweiz extends towards Daleiden . The area is at an average altitude of 500 to 550 meters above sea level.

geology

Follow to the northeast, separated by the Oberbettinger red sandstone area, the Hillesheimer / Ahrdorfer Mulde. To the east, the Prümer Mulde borders on the flat Gerolsteiner Kalkmulde, in which, in addition to red sandstone , the remains of Quaternary volcanism are also to be found. The Salmerwald Mulde follows to the south . To the south-west of the Prümer Mulde in the German-Luxembourg border area, the Daleiden Muldengruppe develops with rocks from the Oberemsium in the hollow cores. To the north, the area is finally separated by narrow saddles: the Dollendorfer , the Rohrer , the Blankenheimer and the Sötenicher Mulde .

Geologically, the Prümer Kalkmulde is the southwestern continuation of the Hillesheimer Mulde. The connection between the hollows is formed by the Oostal and the Kylltal , which are covered by deposits from the Triassic and Quaternary volcanoes. As the only one of the Eifler lime hollows, there are still remnants from the Upper Devonian in the core of the Prümer Mulde. These can be found in an approx. 6 × 2 km area in the northeast corner of the Mulde near Büdesheim.

In 1871 Emanuel Kayser described the borders of the Prümer Mulde and the other Eifel Mulde. The research was detailed by personalities such as Emma Richter and her husband Rudolf, both on behalf of the Senckenberg Institute , at the beginning of the 20th century. Emma became the leading figure in trilobite research . Her work was continued and expanded by researchers such as Karl Krömmelbein and Wolfgang Struve . Through this work the Senckenberg Institute acquired the reputation of being a stronghold of Devonian research. The Wetteldorfer directional cut opened in 1937 in the south of the Prümer Mulde goes back to this research , which was established by the International Commission on Stratigraphy in 1981 as the only point in Germany based on fossil conodonts as a reference location for the border between Lower and Central Devon, i.e. Emsium and Eifelium , was set. The Devonian strata of the limestone basins were further researched in the following years, so that Wilhelm Meyer was finally able to publish a standard work on the Eifel in 1994, in which the results provide a comprehensive and comprehensive picture of the formation of the low mountain range in general and the limestone basins in particular.

Landscape image

The Aubachtal in Schönecker Switzerland in August 2017

The bowl-shaped Prümer Mulde is characterized by a central ridge made of dolomite rock, which is surrounded by layers of marl . Most of the Prümer Kalkmulde is used agriculturally as grassland . Individual areas in the center of the hollow are wooded. Deciduous forest predominates, with dry and rocky dump forests being characteristic of the landscape . The Schönecker Schweiz, located in the south of the Mulde, is a nature reserve with varied, lime-loving vegetation . Here you can find large blocks of dolomite that characterize the landscape , scattered in the light beech forests . The fertile valley floors are suitable for agriculture , so that the landscape was settled early on, as demonstrated by megalithic stone setting near Wallersheim or the finds from the Moustérien in the Buchenloch of the neighboring Gerolsteiner Mulde.

literature

  • Robert Richter, On the Origin and Becoming of the Prümer Kalkmulde In: Heimatkalender / Landkreis Bitburg-Prüm. - (1991), pp. 186-189. - Ill., Graph. Darst.
  • Robert Richter, Landscapes of the West Eifel: the Dolomite core of the Prümer Kalkmulde In: The Prümer Landbote. - 30 (2011), 3 = No. 110, pages 52-56. - Ill.
  • Wilhelm Meyer, Geology of the Eifel ; 4th edition 2013, Schweizerbart; Stuttgart
  • Ludwig Happel and HT Reuling (1937) The geology of the Prümer Mulde . - Treatise of the Senckenberg Natural Research Society, Frankfurt / M. ( Senckenberg book 5)
  • HJ Jungheim (2000) Eifel brachiopods , basket
  • W. Struve (1961) On the stratigraphy of the southern Eifeler Kalkmulden (Devonian: Emsium, Eifelium, Givetium) . - Senckenbergiana lethaea, Frankfurt / M.
  • R. Werner (1980) Geological walks between Prüm and Schönecken ; Prüm

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 27 Greater Eastern Eifel landscape ; on http://map1.naturschutz.rlp.de ; accessed on May 4, 2017.
  2. ↑ a b c The Kalkeifel ; at www.naturpark-eifel.de, accessed on May 4, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Sabine Rath (2003) The history of exploration of the Eifel geology - 200 years a classic area of ​​geological research ; Approved dissertation to obtain a doctorate in natural sciences by the faculty for georesources and materials technology of the Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen; Online .
  4. ↑ R. Werner (1980) Geological walks between Prüm and Schönecken ; Publisher: Verbandsgemeinde Prüm; Revised second edition 1997.
  5. ↑ Geological overview and fossils in the Prümer Kalkmulde on the website www.schoenecken.com; accessed on May 4, 2017.
  6. ↑ a b Martin Meschede (2015) Geology of Germany: A process-oriented approach ; Springer-Verlag; ISBN 9783662452981 ; Page 81/82.
  7. ↑ 276.91 Prümer Kalkmulde ; on http://map1.naturschutz.rlp.de ; accessed on May 4, 2017.
  8. ↑ a b Wilhelm Meyer (1994) Geologie der Eifel , 3rd ed .; Stuttgart; in: Sabine Rath (2003) The history of exploration of the Eifel geology - 200 years a classic area of ​​geological research ; Page 93.
  9. ↑ Geological hiking trail in the Prümer Held at www.geocaching.com; Retrieved May 5, 2017.
  10. ^ Hermann Rauff (1911) draft of a geological guide through the Gerolsteiner Mulde; Distributed by the Royal Geological State Institute Berlin, No. 4, Invalidenstrasse 44.
  11. ↑ a b c d Karsten Weddige and Willi Ziegler , The bibliographical life work of Dr. Wolfgang Struve ; Excerpt from: K. Weddige and W. Ziegler (2000): The bibliographical life work of Dr. Wolfgang Struve. - In: K. Weddige, JA Talent, and W. Ziegler, [Ed.], In memoriam Dr. Wolfgang Struve [part 2] . - Senckenbergiana lethaea 79 (2), special issue: 603-636, 14 illustrations; Frankfurt am Main.
  12. ↑ Frank Auffenberg (2015) A world-famous piece of the Eifel: Why almost every geologist knows Wetteldorf ; Trierischer Volksfreund from February 4, 2015.
  13. ↑ a b c d Landscape profile 27603 Südliche Kalkeifel  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; on the website of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation; Retrieved July 11, 2017.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.bfn.de  
  14. ↑ Kreis Vulkaneifel / Gerolstein on www.eifelfuehrer.de; accessed on August 11, 2017.

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