Emanuel Kayser

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Emanuel Kayser

Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel Kayser (born March 26, 1845 on the manor Friedrichsberg, Groß Friedrichsberg in the Königsberg district in Prussia , † November 29, 1927 in Munich ) was a German geologist and paleontologist. He was rector of the Philipps University of Marburg.

Life

Emanuel Kayser u. a. through the "most widespread geology textbook on the German tongue" for decades, which was translated into English. Through his works, Kayser not only had a "deep influence on several generations of geologists" in Germany, but also beyond Germany. Right from the start, Kayser promoted the development of Alfred Wegener's hypothesis on continental drift .

Between 1896 and 1909, Kayser had a scientific dispute with Svante Arrhenius about the significance of the CO 2 content of the atmosphere for climate change and its influence on the ice ages.

Emanuel Kayser mainly dealt with the stratigraphy , paleontology and tectonics of the Paleozoic Era , especially in the Harz and in the Rhenish Slate Mountains . He has also researched and published on France and Italy , the United States , China , Brazil , Argentina , Turkey , southern Africa , Bohemia and the polar regions .

From 1910 to 1920, Emanuel Kayser was the first chairman of the Geological Association he co-founded in 1910 , which has been called the German Geological Society - Geological Association since 2015 . Since 1910 the Geological Association published the Geological Review . From 1999 onwards, this appears under the title International Journal of Earth Sciences .

In 1882, Kayser founded the Paläontologische Abhandlungen (later: Geological and Palontäologische Abhandlungen ) which he edited with Wilhelm Dames until 1897 .

Origin and family

Emanuel Kayser was the first of five children of the manor owner Johann Jacob August Heinrich Kayser (born June 12, 1817 in Königsberg ; † January 28, 1910, in Tyrol near Meran ; this son of the notary August Imanuel Kayser, born February 17, 1785 in Treptow der Rega ; † October 12, 1858 and Wilhelmine Henriette Amalie Kayser, born von Schaffstedt, born June 12, 1789 in Brandenburg a. H. , † Königsberg April 5, 1867) and Amalie Dorothea Kayser, born. von Metz (born July 10, 1812 in Smolensk ; † December 4, 1880, in Berlin, this daughter of the major of Russia immigrated from Alsace , Friedrich von Metz († St. Petersburg 1819) and Elisabeth Maria von Metz, née von Wachten (Born November 19, 1784 in Estonia ; † May 31, 1862 in Halle a. S. ), head of the imperial education center in Moscow ).

Amalie von Metz was courted by the painter Ernst Meyer in 1842 during a cure in the Silesian town of Graefenberg, who adored her the so-called “snow sketch book”.

Friedrich von Metz, the older brother of Emanuel Kayser's mother, was a Russian officer who headed the Tsarskoye Selo cadet house near St. Petersburg for a long time . Her older Elisabeth von Metz, married the Russian writer and poet Nikolai Alexejewitsch Polewoi .

As the first child in the family, Emanuel Kayser was the eldest of the five siblings Elisabeth, Anna, Marie and the youngest child, the physicist Heinrich Kayser .

His youngest sister was the painter Marie Kayser , married Reimer (born November 18, 1851 in Bingen; † January 7, 1916 in Marburg), fourth child of the family, wife of Heinrich Georg Reimer , the son of the publisher and bookseller Dietrich Reimer as well Nephew of the historian and Nobel laureate in literature Theodor Mommsen . Her illustrations were used in publications by Otto Völcker and Emanuel Kayser, among others.

In 1878 Emanuel Kayser married Marie Henriette Margarethe Charlotte Eleonore, b. Hand. He became the father of four children, Cäcilie, Wolfgang, Maria Theresia and Gerhard. He also became the father-in-law of the architect, film architect and author Otto Völckers, who was married to his daughter Maria Theresia, and of the legal historian, criminal lawyer and professor at the Philipps University of Marburg, Woldemar August Engelmann .

Life

Emanuel Kayser spent the first years of his life in Bingen am Rhein . He was given a pension by Charlotte of Prussia , the Russian tsarina Alexandra Fjodorovna , in 1854 until his doctorate for the training in the school of his grandmother Elisabeth Maria von Metz, nee. taken from guards, directed Imperial House of Education in Moscow . The stay in Moscow, which was planned to prepare for admission to the third grammar school and the subsequent visit to the law school with the aim of admission to the diplomatic service, had to be terminated in 1857 for health reasons. Nonetheless, familiarity with the Russian language and culture enabled Kayser to function as an important mediator between Western European and Russian sciences and cultures throughout his later life.

From 1858 Kayser attended the Humanist High School in Wiesbaden, from 1860 the pedagogy in Halle, where he passed the school leaving examination in 1863.

Emanuel Kayser studied from the summer semester 1864 to 1869. First natural sciences at the Friedrichs University Halle (1864–1866) a. a. Experimental physics with Carl Hermann Knoblauch , chemistry with Heinrich Wilhelm Heintz and mineralogy with Heinrich Girard , then at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg (1866–1867) chemistry with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen , physiology with Hermann von Helmholtz and physics with Gustav Robert Kirchhoff , and finally in Berlin from 1867 to 1869 mineralogy with Gustav Rose , geology and paleontology with his main teacher Ernst Beyrich and geology with Justus Roth . On 31 January 1870 he was at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Berlin (Ernst Beyrich) with a thesis on the contact metamorphism of the granular diabase in resin for Dr. phil. PhD .

In 1871, Kayser became a private lecturer in geology at the Friedrich Wilhelms University in Berlin . After his April 30, 1872 at the Humboldt University of Berlin carried Habilitation Emanuel Kayser was 1872 first lecturer at the Berlin Mining Academy Berlin , now Technical University of Berlin , and in 1882 the same place Titularprofessor . From 1873 to 1885 he was also a regional geologist at the Prussian Geological State Institute with a teaching obligation for general geology. For the Prussian Geological State Institute he edited numerous sheets of the Prussian Geological Map. After retiring in 1885, he became their external collaborator and remained active as such until his retirement.

In 1885, Emanuel Kayser followed the call of the Philipps University of Marburg to the chair as full professor of geology and palaeontology as successor to Wilhelm Dunker . Emanuel Kayser remained at the Philipps University of Marburg until 1917. Emanuel Kayser declined a call to the Chair of Geology and Paleontology at the Albertus University in Königsberg , which he received in 1890 , as did a call from the Silesian Friedrich Wilhelms University in Breslau in 1892 , from.

In 1897 Emanuel Kayser was Rector Magnificus and in 1898 Vice-Rector of the Philipps University of Marburg . In the years 1893 and 1909 Emanuel Kayser was dean of the Philosophical Faculty of the Philipps University of Marburg. After his 32-year professorship , he retired in 1917 .

He spent his ten-year retirement in Munich.

Over decades, Emanuel Kayser developed and maintained a close international network of academic contacts and friendships, such as the director of the Imperial Geological Institute of Russia, head of the Mineralogical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences , professor and head of the Mining Academy Theodosius Chernyshev , the founder and first director of the museum Paulista in Brazil, Hermann von Ihering , the first President of the US Paleontological Society , President of the Geological Society of America and Director of the Natural History Museum in Albany, John Mason Clarke , and his successor in these offices, Charles Schuchert ( Yale University ), the French Geologists and paleontologists Jules Gosselet and Charles Barrois ( University of Lille ) as well as the Swedish physicist Knud Ångström ( University of Uppsala ), to the German geologists and paleontologists Wilhelm von Branco , Adolf von Koenen and Eduard Holzapfel , the German geologist and geogr aphen Ferdinand von Richthofen and the Swiss geologist Albert Heim , the director of the Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences Friedrich Schmidt , the mineralogist Paul Heinrich von Groth and the German geologist Karl August Lossen .

The German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina elected him a member in 1883. In 1891 he was admitted as a corresponding member of the London Geological Society , in 1892 as a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg , in 1909 as the first non-American corresponding member of the Geological Society of America , in 1915 as a member of the Bavarian Academy of the Sciences, 1916 as a corresponding member in the Geologiska Föreningen in Stockholm, 1917 as a corresponding member in the Prussian Academy of Sciences , from 1922 he was a corresponding member of the Geological Society of China .

From 1910 to 1920 he was chairman of the Geological Association that he founded in 1910.

From 1882 to 1897 he was editor of the Paläontologische Abhandlungen (later: " Geologische und Palontäologische Abhandlungen") with Wilhelm Dames . Published were u. a. Monographs on Archeopteryx lithographica (also referred to as: Archeopteryx macrura , Archeopteryx siemensii , Archeornis siemensi ), the primeval bird of the Jurassic formation and the outstanding contribution of paleontology to evolutionary research, which is exhibited in the Berlin Natural History Museum.

In 1884 and 1885 he was the editor-in-chief of the journal of the German Geological Society , in which he had published regularly since 1869.

From 1873 Kayser worked for the Royal Prussian Geological State Institute (since 1919: Prussian Geological State Institute ), initially from 1873 to 1885 as one of the first five state geologists, from 1885 to 1915 as an external employee during his professorship at the Philipps University of Marburg .

His students included his assistants, doctoral students, private lecturers and post-docs Fritz Drevermann (1899–1905) and Fritz Herrmann (1909–1913), his post- doctoral candidates Theodor Lorenz (1904-1907) and Rudolf Richter , his post- doctoral candidate and private lecturer Karl Erich Andrée (1910 –1915), his lecturer Hans Cloos (1914–1917) his assistants Ernst Hüffner, August Denckmann , Paul Gustav Krause and Paul Dienst and his doctoral student Werner Paeckelmann .

During the months of May to July 1912, the then seventeen-year-old Aldous Huxley was Emanuel Kayser's personal guest in Marburg. a. introduced to German culture on long excursions. Huxley processed his long visit in his letters, a sketchbook now in Stanford University , in which he sketched not only the cultural life in Kayser's family, but also Kayser's environment, his dog, and in the stories "Nuns at luncheon" and " The Nun's Tragedy ”. In Emanuel Kayser's memoirs, however, the young Huxley is not mentioned, unlike many countless other foreign guests.

plant

Emanuel Kayser mainly dealt with the stratigraphy , paleontology and tectonics of the Paleozoic Era , especially in the Harz and in the Rhenish Slate Mountains. He has also researched and published on France, Italy, New York, China, South America, especially Argentina and Brazil, on southern Africa and Turkey.

Emanuel Kayser was the first palaeontologist to describe fossils from the Argentine pre- Cordilleras .

Emanuel Kayser was one of the first authors to describe the Devonian deposits of Paranás in southern Brazil and the paleontology of China , such as the brachiopods of the Cambrian , the Devonian fossils of southwestern China , the Devonian and Carboniferous fossils of Tschau-Tien ( Sichuan basin ) and also the Upper Carboniferous fauna of Loping .

In addition to his numerous individual works, Kayser is famous for his books that are famous beyond Germany, in particular the "Textbook of Geology", which was published in eight editions up to his lifetime, and which grew into a four-volume manual, as well as its short one-volume outline - which was published in five editions during his lifetime become. The textbook written by Emanuel Kayser was the “most widespread geology textbook on the German tongue” for decades; it was described as “the best German textbook on geology”, “the most reliable textbook on earth”, which “is not a work in German , in strangers only very few can put aside, let alone surpass it ”. Through his works, Kayser "had a profound influence on several generations of German geologists". His "Textbook of Geology" (as well as his "Outline of Geology") were recognized by the President of the Geological Society of America and the Paleontological Society , Yale Professor Charles Schuchert, as "of immeasurable influence on students and due to its" wealth of valuable information. " Geologists, not only in Germany, but also in other countries ”, Emanuel Kayser was recognized by Schuchert as“ Germany's great writer of geological text books ”and“ the leader of the text-book writers ”.

Emanuel Kayser's Textbook of Geology (vol. II) was published in an English translation and edited by Philip Lake ( University of Cambridge ) under the title Textbook of Comparative Geology in the United Kingdom and the United States in several editions.

In 1981 Emanuel Kayser was described as "a geologist and paleontologist respected far beyond Germany".

The “Geology Outline” was first continued by Roland Brinkmann , later by Werner Zeil and Karl Krömmelbein in new editions, most recently in two volumes, up to the 14th edition in 1991.

In 1912 he was the first, the only geologist, and one of the few who supported Alfred Wegener's hypothesis on continental drift . Emanuel Kayser had already paid special attention to Alfred Wegener as dean of the Philosophical Faculty and on February 21, 1909, he recommended the unknown applicant to his faculty colleagues in writing for the habilitation procedure. Due to the commitment of "the highly respected colleague" Kayser, Wegener's habilitation was already decided on March 8, 1909 by the faculty. Wegener got the idea of ​​tearing apart and drifting apart continents while leafing through the new manual atlas of Emanuel Kayser's pupil, Karl Andrée , in the Christmas days of 1910 and the geographical homology between Africa and South America that can be identified there. Due to his own doubts about the opinion prevailing up to then, Kayser encouraged Wegener to publish his idea of ​​continental drift. At the suggestion of Kayser, Wegener gave his first public lecture on the subject on January 6, 1912 in the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt at the meeting of the Geological Association , whose founder and current president was Kayser . Wegener then asked Emanuel Kayser to give him the opportunity to publish his hypothesis, which Kayser made possible again by granting him the publication of an abridged version of his first lecture based on geological facts in the Geologische Rundschau , the journal of Kayser's Geological Association. Alfred Wegener's work, sponsored by Emanuel Kayser, appeared under the title “Origin of the Continents” in the Geological Review 3 (1912), pp. 276–292. When preparing his work, Wegener relied on two “textbooks that reflect the modern state of knowledge”. These were "the 4th edition published in 1909" of Emanuel Kayser's textbook and Maurycy Pius Rudzki's "Die Physik der Erde" from 1911. "Emanuel Kayser, in the front rank of science" is described as "Wegener's great geological guide". Emanuel Kayser's Geological Institute in Marburg also provided Wegener with nine tenths of the data necessary for his elaboration of the "formation of the continents", according to his own letter from January 1912, completely selflessly by order of Kayser.

Between 1896 and 1909, Kayser, supported by Knud Ångström and his brother Heinrich Kayser, led a scientific dispute with Svante Arrhenius about a connection between the increase in the carbon dioxide content of the air after major eruptions and the formation of coal deposits and the decrease in carbon dioxide and their connection with ice ages. Kayser was also able to successfully reject such a connection for physical reasons.

In the scientific debate about the concept of species in 1870, he sided with Darwin's view, which was still struggling for scientific recognition .

One of the largest meteorites ever found in Germany with a weight of 63 kg and at the same time the heaviest meteorite whose fall has ever been observed in Germany, the Treysa meteorite , an octahedrite (IIIB), fell on April 3, 1916; Emanuel Kayser as director of the Geological-Paleontological Institute and the director of the Physics Institute of the Philipps University of Marburg , Franz Richarz , were able to find the site in Rommershausen north of Treysa described by Kayser in his memoirs on March 5, 1917, after a reward of 300 Reichsmarks was offered visit and secure the meteorite found by the forester Hupmann.

His students included his assistants, doctoral students, private lecturers and post- doctoral candidates Fritz Drevermann (1899–1905) and Fritz Herrmann (1909–1913), his post- doctoral candidates Theodor Lorenz (1904-1907) and Rudolf Richter , his post- doctoral candidate and lecturer Karl Andrée (1910– 1915), later professor of geology and paleontology as well as rector of the Albertus University in Königsberg, his private lecturer Hans Cloos (1914–1917) and his assistants Ernst Hüffner, August Denckmann , Paul Gustav Krause and Paul Dienst .

Honors

Honorary memberships

Geographical names

Generic and species names

  • Lophophyllidium kayseri
  • Chonetes (Chonetes) cf. kayseri Paeckelmann
  • Coeloterorhynchus kayseri
  • Coelotherorhynchus kayseri Rigaux
  • Cyrtiopsis kayseri Grabau
  • Dipleura kayseri
  • Enteletes kayseri scales
  • Eoorthis kayseri Walcott ( Orthis Plectorthis kayseri Walcott) - Orthida
  • Glossinulus kayseri
  • Gypidula (Plicogypa) kayseri Peetz
  • Kayserella Hall & Clarke
  • Kayserella emanuelensis Veevers
  • Kayserella lepida Biernat
  • Kayserella costatula Lenz
  • Kayseria lens Davidson
  • Orthothetes (Orthothetina) kayseri
  • Parapugnax ex gr.kayseri (Rig.)
  • Pentamerus kayseri Peetz
  • Plebejochonetes kayseri
  • Plicogypa cf. kayseri
  • Productella cf. kayseri Paeck
  • Productorthis kayseri Kozlowski
  • Pugnax kayseri Tschernyshev 1902 / Rigaux
  • Skenidioides kayseri
  • Streptorhynchus kayseri Schellwien / Bed / Schenk
  • Stropheodonta kayseri
  • Uncinulus kayseri Barrois
  • Ctenodonta (Palmoneilo) kayseri
  • Cyrtodonto kayseri Beushausen
  • Gosseletia (Cyrtodontopsis) kayseri Frech ( Cyrtodontopsis syn. Gosseletia (Cyrtodontopsis) )
  • Tellinites
  • Tellinites (Koenenia) kayseri
  • Tellinites gibbosa var. Kayseri Beushausen
  • Palaeoneilo kayseri Beushausen
  • Alpinites kayseri Bogoslovskiy / Schindewolf
  • Discoclymenia kayseri
  • Goniatites kayseri ( syn.Mesobeloceras kayseri crab apple)
  • Pericyclus kayseri Schmidt
  • Wedekindoceras kayseri Schindewolf ( Wedekindoceras syn. Discoclymenia )
  • Tirnovella kayseri
  • Palorthoceras kayseri Kröger, Beresi & Landing 2007
  • Emanuelaspis (Emanuelina) peculiaris Laurie and Shergold 1996 (Typus) '
  • Emanuelaspis (Emanuelina) expansa Laurie and Shergold 1996
  • Kayseraspis asaphelloides
  • Kayseraspis brackebuschi
  • Dechenella ( Basidechenella ) kayseri Rud. Judge
  • Otarion (Aulacopleura) kayseri crab apple, outdated Arethusina kayseri (subgenus Otarion (Aulacopleura) is syn. For genus Aulacopleura)
  • Cushmanidea kayserensis Krutak
  • Bizignathus kayseri (Bishop & Goat)
  • Acanthodii (Acanthodei syn. Acanthodii): Acanthoessidae
  • Machaeracanthus kayseri cones
  • Actinostrobites kayseri Schindehütte
  • Ilsaephytum kayseri white
  • Plantae: Lomandroideae

Fonts

  • General geology textbook . Stuttgart 1893, 8th edition 1924 (Textbook of Geology, 4 volumes, 1st and 2nd volume: General Geology), digitized, 6th edition, Enke 1921
  • Textbook of Geological Formation Science , Stuttgart 1891, 8th edition 1923, digitized version of the 2nd edition 1902 (Textbook of Geology in two parts, Part II: Geological Formation science)
  • Outline of General and Stratigraphic Geology, Stuttgart 1915, 5th edition 1925
  • Textbook of Comparative Geology (Translated by Philip Lake), Cambridge, S. Sonnenschein & Co .; New York: MacMillan & Co. 1893, 2nd edition 1925, digitized, Macmillan 1893
  • "The brachiopods from Middle and Upper Devonian of the Eifel". Journal of the German Geological Society, XXIII, pp. 491–647.
  • About primordial and sub-Silurian fossils from the Argentine Republic , in: Alfred Wilhelm Stelzner (Ed.), Contributions to the geology and paleontology of the Argentine Republic, Part 2: Paleontology, Kassel: Theodor Fischer 1876, digitized
  • "Contributions to the knowledge of some paleozoic fauna of South America" ​​in: Journal of the German Geological Society 49, pp. 274–311, 6 panels
  • Alguns fósseís paleozóicos do Estado do Paraná . In: Revista do Museu Paulista 4, 1900, pp. 300-311, 2 plates
  • "Liau-Tung Cambrian Brachiopods". In: Ferdinand von Richthofen , China , Vol. 4, Berlin, 1883, pp. 34-36
  • Palaeontological Notes . At the. Journ. of Sc. v. XXIX. 1885, p. 114.
  • Note on some palaeozoic Pteropoda . At the. Journ. of Sc. vol. XXX, 1885, p. 17th
  • Classification of the Cambrian system of North America . At the. J. Sc. XXXII. 1886. p. 138-157.
  • The Cambrian System in the United States and Canada . Bullet. of the philosopher. Soc. of Washington, vol VI, 1883, p. 89-102
  • Palaeozoic Rock of Central Texas . Amer. Journ. Sc. 3. s. XXVIII. 1884. p. 431-433.
  • Fauna of the "Upper Taconic" of Emmons in Washington County, NY With a plaque. Amer. Journ. XXXIV. 1887. 187-199.
  • The Taconic system of Emmons and the use of the name Taconic in geological nomenclature . At the. Journ. Science. Vol. XXXV. 229-242, 307-327, 394-401. 1888. With 1 geolog. Map and 1 profile sketch.
  • Fauna of the "Upper Taconic" of Emmons in Washington County, NY Am. Journ. Sc. Vol. 34, 187-199. September 1887. With 1 palaeont. Blackboard.
  • Descriptive notes of new genera and species from the Lower Cambrian or Olenellus Zone of North America Proceed. of the U. St. National Museum. XII. 33-46. Washington 1889.
  • Precarboniferous Strata in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado . Amer. Journ. Sc. XXVI, 1883, p. 437-442
  • Studies from the area of ​​the Rhenish Devonian : H. 1-4. // In: Journal of the German Geological Society : 1. The Devonian area of ​​Aachen. 1870. Vol. 22, pp. 841-852; 2. The Devonian formations of the Eifel. 1871. Vol. 23 pp. 289-376; 3. The fauna of the Roteisenstein from Brilon. 1872. Vol. 24 pp. 653-700; 4. About the fauna of the kidney limestone from the Enkeberge and the slate from Nehden near Brilon and about the structure of the Upper Devonian in the Rhenish Slate Mountains. 1873. Vol. 25 pp. 602-674.
  • The fauna of the oldest Devonian deposits in the Harz, 1878
  • The fauna of the main quartzite and the Zorger slate of the Lower Harz, 1889
  • "On the Arrhenius - Frech'schen carbon dioxide hypothesis", Centralblatt für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 1908, pp. 553-556.
  • The fauna of the Dalmanite sandstone from Kleinlinden near Gießen , publications of the Society for the Promotion of the Whole Natural Sciences, Marburg, Volume 13, Marburg 1896, 42 pp.
  • with Werner Paeckelmann : Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, sheet Niederwalgern , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1915
  • with Werner Paeckelmann: Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, Marburg sheet , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1915
  • with Heinrich Lotz : Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, sheet Ober-Scheld , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1907
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring states, sheet Oberheldrungen , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Hrsg.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring states, sheet Weissensee , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring states, sheet Greussen , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, Artern sheet , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Hrsg.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, Blatt Leimbach , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, Blatt Hettstedt , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring federal states, sheet Cönnern , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.), Berlin 1900
  • Geological map of Prussia and neighboring states, Lauterberg sheet , Königlich Preußische Geologische Landesanstalt (Hrsg.), Berlin 1900

literature

  • Heinz Walter:  Kayser, Emanuel. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 11, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, ISBN 3-428-00192-3 , pp. 379-381 ( digitized version ).
  • Walter Killy; Rudolf Vierhaus (Ed.) Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie (DBE), Volume 5, DTV, KG Saur, Munich, 2001, ISBN 3-423-59053-X , p. 480.
  • Paul Gustaf Krause : Emanuel Kayser in: Preußisch Geologische Landesanstalt (Hrsg.): Yearbook of the Prussisch Geologische Landesanstalt for the year 1928 , 49, part 2, 1929, pp. XCIV - CXIX.
  • Karl Andrée : Emanuel Kayser . In: Lebensbilder from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830–1930 , ed. Ingeborg Schnack, Volume 5, NG Elwert, Marburg, 1955, pp. 188-208.
  • Rudolf Richter : Emanuel Kayser . In: Geologische Rundschau 19, 1928, Issue 2, pp. 155-160.
  • Ferdinand Broili : Emanuel Kayser . In: Yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 1928, pp. 35–37. Digitized
  • Charles Schuchert : Emanuel Kayser . In: American Journal of Science , Fifth Series, Vol. 15, 1928, p. 286.
  • Francis Arthur Bather >: Emanuel Kayser . In: The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London , Vol. 84, 1928, pp. I – II.
  • Hamberg: Minnesord öfver E. Kayser . In: Geologiska Föreningens Föhandlingar 1928, Volume 50, no . 1, p. 110 ff.
  • AA Borisjak : Ог и Кайзер: [Некрологи] . In: Геол. вестник . Vol. 6, 1928, No. 1/3, pp. 90-91.
  • Kayser, Emanuel F. H . in: Nordisk familjebok (andra upplagans 36th supplement, Nordisk familjeboks förlags aktiebolag, Stockholm 1924).
  • Kayser . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 10, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1907, pp.  795–796 .
  • Kayser, Emanuel In: Enciclopedia Treccani.
  • Kayser, Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel in: Encyclopædia Britannica.
  • Professor Emanuel Kayser in: Science, 6 Apr 1928, Vol. 67, Issue 1736, p. 366.
  • Kay Schürmann (Ed.): 200 Years of the Hessian Mineral Cabinet 1790–1990, Festschrift . Philipps-Universität-Marburg, Marburg 1990, pp. 47-51.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Kayser, Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel. Hessian biography. (As of January 27, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Richter, Rudolf: Emanuel Kayser . In: Geologische Vereinigung (Ed.): Geologische Rundschau . tape 19 .. Borntraeger brothers, Berlin 1928, p. 155-160 .
  3. ↑ a b von Seidlitz, Wilfried: Kayser, Emanuel . In: Linck, G. (Ed.): Handbuch der Naturwissenschaften . 2nd Edition. tape 5 , 1934.
  4. ↑ a b Schuchert, Charles: Emanuel Kayser . In: American Journal of Science . Fifth Series, Vol. XV. New Haven, Connecticut 1928, pp. 286 .
  5. ^ A b Wigglesworth Clarke, Frank: The Data of Geochemistry . Ed .: Department of the Interior - United States Geological Survey. 5th ed.Bulletin 770. Government Printing Office, Washington 1924, pp. 52-53 m. w. N .
  6. ↑ Collective of authors: Lexicon of Geosciences , Volume 3, Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0422-3 , p. 95.
  7. ^ Bernhard Koerner: East Prussian gender book . tape 1 . Starke, Görlitz 1928, p. 151 ff .
  8. ↑ Walther, Heinz: Kayser, Emanuel . In: Historical commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): New German biography . tape 11 . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1977, p. 379-381 .
  9. ↑ Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer: The genre painter Ernst Meyer . In: Cristin Conrad, Christof Trepesch (eds.): “Courage, dear Julie!”: Moritz Rugendas and the painter Julie Hagen Schwarz . Wißner, Augsburg 2016, ISBN 978-3-95786-060-6 , pp. 48-55 .
  10. ^ Jan Marius Müller, Friedrich Rösch: Ceramics from the sanctuary of Demeter Malophoros in Selinunt in the Academic Art Museum Bonn . In: Cologne and Bonn Archaeologica KuBA . tape 2/2012 . University of Cologne, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Cologne / Bonn 2012, p. 209-227 (214) .
  11. ^ Bernhard Koerner: East Prussian gender book . tape 1 . Starke, Görlitz 1928, p. 172 .
  12. ↑ Engelmann, Woldemar August. Hessian biography. (As of January 27, 2017). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  13. ↑ Kayser, Emanuel in der Deutschen Biographie , accessed on September 17, 2017.
  14. ↑ Kayser: About the contact metamorphosis of the granular diabase in the Harz. Journal of the German Geological Society, Volume 22, 1870, pp. 103-172.
  15. ↑ PGLA list of geologists, with photo
  16. ^ A b c Andrée, Karl: Emanuel Kayser . In: Ingeborg Schnack (Ed.): Life pictures from Kurhessen and Waldeck 1830–1930 . tape 5 .. Elwert, Marburg 1955, p. 195, 200 .
  17. ↑ Member entry by Emanuel Kayser at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 1, 2017.
  18. ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Friedrich Heinrich Emanuel Kayser. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed September 3, 2015 (Russian).
  19. ↑ 973-974 (Nordisk familjebok / Uggleupplagan. 36th Supplement. Globe - Kövess). January 1, 1924; Retrieved January 30, 2017 (Swedish).
  20. ^ Members of the previous academies. Emanuel Kayser. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , accessed on April 12, 2015 .
  21. ↑ Collective of authors: Lexicon of Geosciences , Volume 3, Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 2001, ISBN 3-8274-0422-3 , p. 95
  22. ↑ a b c d e Paul Gustav Krause: Emanuel Kayser . In: Preußisch Geologische Landesanstalt (Ed.): Yearbook 1928 . XLIX Part II. Prussian Geological State Institute, Berlin 1929, p. CVII, XCVIII, CV .
  23. ↑ Happy 120th birthday to Aldous Huxley, born July 26, 1894! Retrieved January 28, 2017 (English).
  24. ↑ Nugel, Bernfried; Wagner, Gerhard: The Nun's Tragedy . In: Aldous Huxley Journal . tape 8 . LIT, Münster 2008, p. 1 - 30 .
  25. Jump up ↑ Rasch, Uwe: Satire in the Making: Aldous Huxley's 1912 Sketchbook . In: Aldous Huxley Annual . tape 15 . LIT, Vienna 2015, p. 21-120 .
  26. ↑ Reinhold Huckriede: Memory of Kayser . In: Upper Hessian Press . from December 1, 1977. Marburg.
  27. ↑ Emanuel Kayser: Middle and Upper Silurian Cambrian Brachiopods from Liautung; Fossils from the mountainous country of Tschau-tiën in the northeastern part of the province of Sz'-tshwan; Devonian fossils from southwest China; Devonian and Carbonic fossils from Tschau-tiën; Upper Carboniferous fauna of Lo-ping . In: Ferdinand von Richthofen (Ed.): China 5 volumes with atlas . tape IV . Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1911, p. 34-36; 37-49; 75-102; 103-105; 160-208 .
  28. ↑ Susana Mariel Devincenzi: Catálogo de ejemplares tipo de las Colecciones Paleontológicas del Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), Mendoza, Argentina . In: Revista del Museo de La Plata . tape 2016 , Vol. 1, No. 2 . Buenos Aires 2016, p. 83-108 (86,87,105) .
  29. ↑ Emanuel Kayser: Alguns fósseis paleozóicos do Estado do Paraná . In: Revista do Museu Paulista . No. 4 . Sao Paulo 1900, p. 300-311 .
  30. ^ Emanuel Kayser: China . Ed .: Ferdinand von Richthofen. 4 - Paleontological part. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1883, p. 34-36, 75-105, 160-208 .
  31. ↑ a b c Ruh, Sabine Theadora: Dr. Fritz Ernst Drevermann, professor of geology and successful museum scientist, dissertation at Goethe University Frankfurt am Main . Frankfurt / Main 2002, p. 29, 49 .
  32. ↑ Broili, Ferdinand: Emanuel Kayser . In: Yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Munich 1927, p. 35-37 (37) .
  33. ↑ H. WOODS: Mr. Philip Lake ( English , PDF) In: Nature Volume 164, p. 134 (1949) . Nature. July 23, 1949. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
  34. ↑ a b c Jacobshagen, Volker: Alfred Wegener, the founder of the modern image of the earth . Alma Mater Philippina Marburger Universitätsbund e. V., 1981, p. 12-15 .
  35. ↑ Ron Redfern: Origins: The Evolution of Continents, Oceans and Life . University of Oklahoma, S. 20 .
  36. ↑ a b wing, Helmut W .: Wegener - Ampferer - Schwinner A contribution to the history of geology in Austria . In: Communications from the Austrian Geological Society . tape 73 . Vienna 1980, p. 273-254 (239 f.) .
  37. ^ A b c d Greene, Mott T .: Alfred Wegener: Science, Exploration and the Theory of Continental Drift . Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland 2015, ISBN 978-1-4214-1712-7 , pp. 260 .
  38. ↑ Kayser, Emanuel: The brachiopods of the Middle and Upper Devonian of the Eifel . In: German Geological Society (Hrsg.): Journal of the German Geological Society . tape 23 , no. 3 , 1871, p. 491-647 .
  39. ↑ A chunk from space - the Treysa meteorite crashed to earth 100 years ago . In: hna.de . April 2, 2016 ( online [accessed February 11, 2017]).
  40. ^ Honorary members DGGV
  41. ^ Nassau Association for Natural History. Accessed on November 22, 2019 .
  42. ^ PD Lane, PR Dawes, JS Peel: Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved March 18, 2019 .
  43. ↑ Jisuo Jin: SULCIPENTAMERUS (PENTAMERIDA, BRACHIOPODA) FROM THE LOWER SILURIAN WASHINGTON LAND GROUP, NORTH GREENLAND . In: Palaeontology . 52, 2009, pp. 385-399. doi : 10.1111 / j.1475-4983.2009.00849.x .
  44. ↑ Teichert & Glenister (T&G) 1954, Bulletins of American Paleontology , Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University ( Hemichoanella canningi )
  45. ↑ Prioniodontacean Conodonts from the Emanuel Formation (Lower Ordovician) of Western Australia. RA McTavish, Geologica et Palaeontologica, 1973
  46. ^ Thomas Davidson : British Fossil Brachiopoda . Ed .: Thomas Davidson. V Silurian and Devonian. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1884, pp. 24 .
  47. ↑ GBIF: Orthothetes (Global Biodiversity Information Facility)
  48. ↑ FossilID: Cyrtodonta Billings, 1858
  49. ↑ Mindat: Cyrtodonta † , Hudson Institute of Mineralogy
  50. ↑ Fossilworks: † Gosseletia (Cyrtodontopsis) Frech 1891 (clam)
  51. ↑ Fossilworks: † Palaeoneilo elliptica Goldfuss 1837 (clam)
  52. ↑ Fossilworks: † Discoclymenia Hyatt 1884 (ammonite)
  53. ↑ Fossil Works: † Tirnovella Nikolov 1966 (ammonite)
  54. ↑ Fossilworks: † Palorthoceras Kröger et al. 2007 (mollusk)
  55. ↑ Fossilworks: † Lahnospira Heidelberger 2001 (snail)
  56. ↑ Fossilworks: † Emanuelaspis (Emanuelina) Laurie and Shergold 1996 (trilobite)
  57. ↑ Fossilworks: † Emanuelaspis (Emanuelina) peculiaris Laurie and Shergold 1996 (trilobite)
  58. ↑ Fossilworks: † Emanuelaspis (Emanuelina) expansa Laurie and Shergold 1996 (trilobite)
  59. ↑ Fossilworks: † Aulacopleura Hawle and Corda 1847 (trilobite)
  60. ↑ BiNHum: Aulacopleura kayseri
  61. ↑ Martin Basse, Ulrich Lemke: Trilobites from the middle Givetian (Middle Devonian) of the northern right bank of the Rhine slate mountains . In: Geology and Palaeontology in Westphalia, issue 46, Westphalian Museum of Natural History, November 1996
  62. ↑ Fossilworks: † Machaeracanthus Newberry 1857 (shark)
  63. ↑ Fossil Works: † Asterocalamites Schimper 1879
  64. ↑ Fossil Works: † Ilsaephytum white 1885
  65. ^ W. Jongmans, S. J. Dijkstra: Fossilium Catalogus - II: Plantae. Volume 16: Filicales, Pteridospermae, Cycydales. P. 1390, Uitgeverij Dr. W. Junk, s' Gravenhage, October 31, 1960
  66. ^ Henry N. Andrews Jr .: Index of Generic Names of Fossil Plants, 1820-1965, Geological Survey Bulletin 1300, p. 107, US Government Printing Office, Washington 1970
  67. ↑ Agelanthus kayseri (Engl.) Polhill & Wiens | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science In: plantsoftheworldonline.org , accessed February 19, 2019.
  68. ↑ JSTOR: Global Plants: Loranthus kayseri , ITHAKA, accessed on August 16, 2020
  69. ↑ JSTOR: . Loranthus Kayseri Engl [family Loranthaceae]. ITHAKA, accessed August 16, 2020 .
  70. ^ JSTOR: Global Plants: Bonatea kayseri. ITHAKA, accessed August 16, 2020 .
  71. ^ Bonatea Steudneri - Wikispecies. Retrieved February 3, 2019 .
  72. ↑ M. E. Ponsie, T. J. Edwards, S. D. Johnson: A taxonomic revision of Bonatea Willd. (Orchidaceae: Orchidoideae: habenariinae). In: South African Journal of Botany. Elsevier B.V., 2007, accessed on August 16, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Kayser, Emanuel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kayser, Friedrich Emanuel Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geologist and paleontologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 26, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg i. Pr.
DATE OF DEATH November 29, 1927
Place of death Munich