Prüm

This article deals with the city in the West Eifel. For further meanings see Prüm (disambiguation) .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 12 '  N , 6 ° 25'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Eifel district Bitburg-Prüm
Association municipality :	Prüm
Height :	460 m above sea level NHN
Area :	22.86 km 2
Residents:	5510 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	241 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	54595
Area code :	06551
License plate :	BIT, PRÜ
Community key :	07 2 32 296
City structure:	5 districts
Association administration address:	Tiergartenstrasse 54 54595 Prüm
Website :	https://stadtpruem.de
City Mayor :	Johannes Reuschen (free)
Location of the city of Prüm in the Eifel district of Bitburg-Prüm

Prüm, aerial photo (2015)

Prüm [ ˈpʰʀʏm ] is a town in the West Eifel ( Rhineland-Palatinate ), former district town, today the administrative seat of the municipality of the same name in the Eifel district of Bitburg-Prüm . Prüm is a state-approved climatic health resort and is designated as a medium-sized center according to state planning .

geography

The city of Prüm is located on the Prüm River (tributary of the Sauer ) at the foot of the Schneifel mountain range between the Ardennes and the Eifel at an altitude of 420 to 490  m above sea level. NHN . The city is named for the largest of the Devonian limestone troughs in the Eifel, the 240 km ² large Prümer limestone trough .

City structure

The town of Prüm includes the districts Kalvarienberg, Tafel, Walcherath and Wirbelscheid. In 1969 and in the following years, the villages of Dausfeld (with Dausfelder Mühle), Niederprüm (with Sonnenberg), Steinmehlen and Weinsfeld (with Haus Schröder and Mühle Lutz, Weinsfeldermühle) were incorporated.

history

In 721, Bertrada the Elder and Charibert (von Mürlenbach ) founded a monastery with monks from the Echternach monastery. In 752 it was re-founded by King Pippin with Benedictine monks. The consecration of the monastery church of St. Salvator by Pope Leo III. took place in 799 in the presence of Charlemagne . The Liber aureus von Prüm , the most important collection of documents from the Carolingian era , was created here around the years 891–919 . In 1222, the Prüm Abbey was elevated to a principality by Emperor Friedrich II . The prince abbey of Prüm was incorporated into the clerical electorate of Trier in 1576 . From 1721 the monastery church was rebuilt under Elector Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg and other abbey buildings according to plans by Balthasar Neumann under Elector Franz Georg von Schönborn . In 1794 the abbey was dissolved in the wake of the French Revolution . In 1860 the bones of Emperor Lothar were found when the old high altar was dismantled . The former abbey buildings were badly damaged in artillery fire and air raids after September 16, 1944. In 1950 the reconstruction of the church and in 1952 that of the abbey buildings was largely completed.

→ Main article : Prüm Abbey

The community of Prüm was first mentioned in 720 as the Carolingian villa prumia . After the division of Prüm , Emperor Lothar I retired here in 855 and died as a monk six days later. In 1016, Emperor Heinrich II granted Prüm market and coinage rights. In 1307 the Nikolaus Hospital was founded on Stiftsstrasse. The Kalvarienbergkapelle, built in 1696, was destroyed in the 1949 explosion in Prüm .

In a major fire in 1769, 214 of 294 houses were destroyed. The left-bank domination of the Electorate of Trier ended in 1794 with the annexation of the left bank of the Rhine by French revolutionary troops . In 1798, Prüm became an arrondissement and canton in the French department of Saar and the seat of a sub-prefecture and thus belonged to France . The abbey and the Marienstift were abolished in 1802. The abbey church became a parish church .

As a result of the Congress of Vienna , Prüm came to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815 . The arrondissement of Prüm became the district of Prüm in the administrative district of Trier and from 1822 belonged to the Prussian Rhine province . The collegiate church of the Marienstift was demolished in 1822, and Hahnstrasse was built on its property. In 1841 the first own newspaper appeared, the Prümer Intellektivenblatt . In 1856, by royal decree, Prüm was again given the title of “city”.

The St. Joseph Hospital was founded in 1869. The Bischöfliches Konvikt was founded and built in 1887. On December 22nd, 1883 the railway line to Gerolstein was opened. Thus Prüm was connected to the railway network via the Westeifelbahn . The first private aqueducts were built in 1892. The construction of the Protestant church was finished in 1892.

In 1901 there was the first electricity in Prüm. From 1908 the sewer system was built. After the First World War , Prüm, like the rest of the Rhineland, was under French occupation from 1918 to 1930. During the Second World War , from September 16, 1944, Prüm was the target of American artillery fire. Especially since December 23, the bombing attacks have increased ( Battle of the Bulge ). 80% of the city was destroyed.

Destruction by the explosion of an ammunition dump in 1949

View of Prüm, around 1957

After the war, from 1946 on, Prüm belonged to the newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate . In the new administrative structure, Prüm is the district town of the largest district in Germany, a school and administrative center.

During the explosion in Prüm on July 15, 1949, a fire broke out in a tunnel built in 1939 under the Calvary, and around 500 tons of explosives, which were intended for the demolition of bunkers on the west wall , exploded . The explosion tore a crater over 20 meters deep in the mountain; Chunks of earth and stone were sometimes thrown several kilometers and damaged many of the rebuilt houses, sometimes severely. Due to an early decision to evacuate the city, there were relatively few casualties (12 dead and 15 injured).

During the district reform in 1971, the district of Prüm was merged with the district of Bitburg to form the district of Bitburg-Prüm and the majority of the authorities were relocated to Bitburg. Prüm became the seat of the community of Prüm . The new St. Josef Hospital was opened on Kalvarienberg in 1984. The episcopal convict was dissolved in 2001.

In 2005 the Prüm Treaty to improve cross-border cooperation in the EU was signed. The German Interior Minister Otto Schily , whose ancestors come from Prüm, was also there. A year later, a federal police station was set up in Prüm.

The districts

Dausfeld district

It was first mentioned in 816 as deofansfeld (the place belonged to the original parish of Rommersheim ). From 1330 Dausfeld is an independent parish. From 1570 to 1802, three of the six farms belonged to the parish of Olzheim and three to Weinsheim . In the 20th century, cremation graves of the Hunsrück-Eifel culture were found.

Today Dausfeld has about 507 inhabitants and consists of the three parts Dausfelder Höhe, Alt-Dausfeld and Dausfelder Mühle. The Dausfelder Höhe is a commercial and residential area and belongs to the parish of Prüm, Alt-Dausfeld and Dausfelder-Mühle belong to the parish of Weinsheim.

Niederprüm district

In 762, King Pippin gave the Niederprüm estate to the Prüm monastery. The Benedictine nuns ' monastery was built here in 1190 , and the settlement of the estate began. Between 1285 and 1296 this monastery was donated to an estate, the so-called Niederprümer Hof , in Schweich on the Moselle. The monastery building was rebuilt in 1670 and today houses a Vinzentiner Progymnasium .

Steinmehlen district

Stone flour probably originated before 816.

Weinsfeld district

The Winand court was mentioned in a deed of foundation by Bertrada von Mürlenbach from the 8th century. Weinsfeld was first mentioned in 1282. The church tower was built in 1735. Today the memorial is located there. The bell of the tower is from 1533. Roman and Frankish graves were found in the 20th century. Today Weinsfeld is a pure housing estate.

Incorporations

As part of the local government reform , four surrounding communities were incorporated into Prüm from 1969 to 1974. On June 7, 1969 Niederprüm was incorporated, on January 1, 1971 by Dausfeld, on January 1, 1973 by Weinsfeld. On January 1, 1974, the incorporation of Steinmehlen was the last major change in the area of ​​Prüm to this day.

Population development

The development of the population of Prüm in relation to today's urban area; the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses:

year Residents 1815 2,353 1835 2,790 1871 2,681 1905 3,445 1939 4,508 1950 3,918

year Residents 1961 5,003 1970 5,346 1987 5,032 1997 5,619 2005 5,380 2017 5,412

politics

City council

The city ​​council in Prüm consists of 22 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city ​​mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FWG	PBB	total
2019	3	8th	5	6th	22 seats
2014	4th	10	5	3	22 seats
2009	4th	9	6th	3	22 seats
2004	4th	10	6th	2	22 seats

PBB = Prümer Citizens Movement e. V.

FWG = Free Voting Association Prüm List Maselter

coat of arms

	Blazon : “In red on a raised, curved green shield base, a gold nimbly looking silver lamb, in the raised rightforelegholding a black crosspole pointingupwards to the left, on it a falling flag ( vexillum )attached to a crossbar, with a rising hem pointing the back of the flag with a red cross in silver. "
	Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms of the city of Prüm shows the Prüm lamb (variation of Agnus Dei ), which was also included in the coat of arms of the Prüm Abbey . The flag is that of the former electoral state , to which Prüm belonged until 1794, and of today's diocese of Trier .

Town twinning

• Monthermé ( France ), since 1962
• Fort Madison ( USA , Iowa ), since 1997

Culture and sights

Reliquary with the sandal particles of Jesus Christ sewn into the shoes of Pope Zacharias

Museums

St. Salvator in Prüm

Protestant church

Prüm station, street side

• Museum in the town hall at Tiergartenstrasse 54
• Human and Nature Information Center, Tiergartenstrasse 78

Buildings

• Saint Salvator's Basilica with Lothar I's tomb and relics ( sandals of Christ ).
• Baroque Prüm Abbey based on plans by Balthasar Neumann with a magnificent portal and imperial hall, a rococo auditorium, today's Regino grammar school .
• Protestant church

See also : List of cultural monuments in Prüm

Monuments

• Explosion crater (approx. 190 × 90 × 20 m) on the Kalvarienberg with a memorial cross and newly built mountain chapel

Events

The Prüm Summer takes place in June, July and August . It starts with a market and a street musician competition on the last Sunday in June. On the following eight Thursdays, evening events will take place on the Prüm Sommerplatz in front of the town hall, including performances by music groups and dance ensembles as well as competitions in milking, beer mug lifting and tree trunk sawing. A bicycle rally and a fashion show have also been part of the program for years. During this period, special concerts (classical, jazz, folk, etc.) take place in front of the basilica on four Sundays.

In May 2011 the city of Prüm hosted the Rhineland-Palatinate Day .

Economy and Infrastructure

economy

The largest employers in the region include MUH Arla , Stihl AG , Streif GmbH , Prüm-Türwerk GmbH and Tesla Grohmann Automation . MUH Arla is based in Pronsfeld, 10 km away .

traffic

On December 22nd, 1883, with the opening of the West Eifel Railway from Gerolstein , Prüm was connected to the German railway network. In October 1886 the connection via Pronsfeld was extended to Bleialf . Two years later, train journeys to St. Vith (then part of the German Empire ) were possible. Branch lines to Waxweiler and Arzfeld – Neuerburg were also built from Pronsfeld . On May 28, 1972 the section Prüm - Pronsfeld was closed for passenger traffic and on September 27, 1980 passenger traffic between Gerolstein and Prüm was stopped. After that, only individual freight trains ran. In December 2000 the last train - a special train run by local railroad fans - stopped at the abbey town's station. In the meantime, the track systems have been dismantled from the Prümtalstrasse level crossing in the direction of Pronsfeld. A cycle path was built on the former railway line from the former level crossing on the road to Niederprüm . Today the Eifel-Ardennen-Radweg and the Prümtal-Radweg are led along this route .

The federal highways 265 and 410 intersect in Prüm, the A 60 and the B 51 run not far from the city. To the south, the B 51 was downgraded to a state road until shortly before Bitburg in favor of the A 60 ; to the north it represents a busy connection from the A 60 to the A 1 to the north, which is around 35 km away .

The Prüm center is closed to traffic over 7.5 tons. Long-distance traffic is routed around Prüm via the B 51 and B 410.

Bus (local public transport)

Today Prüm is connected to the local public transport by bus:

• Line 201 connects Prüm to Bitburg (with stops in Rommersheim, Schönecken and Rittersdorf). It runs several times a day (including weekends). In Bitburg there is a connection to Trier
• Bus line 411 connects Prüm with Gerolstein every 2 hours Monday to Saturday (2 trips on Sundays) . There are stops on the way in Weinsheim, Büdesheim, Gerolstein-Oos and Gerolstein-Müllenborn. This means that rail traffic to Trier and Cologne can be reached.
• The 407 bus runs every 2 hours Monday to Saturday (no journeys on Sundays) to Ettelbrück , with stops in Niederprüm, Pronsfeld, Arzfeld and Dasburg. There is a transition to rail traffic to Luxembourg .
• further bus routes supplement the offer for school transport to the surrounding villages.

With the RLP Nord public transport concept, bus connections will improve considerably from December 2020. Hourly connections are to be set up to Gerolstein, every two hours to St. Vith and Clervaux. New VRT on- call buses are to connect the smaller villages to the local public transport every 2 hours. The transfer point is now and will continue to be the Gerberweg stop . In addition to the schools, there are additional stops at Bahnhofstraße (407) and Freibad (411).

The pioneer for the concept is the association community Kelberg (Vulkaneifel district, behind Gerolstein).

Public facilities

Prüm is the seat of the community administration of the same name.

It is also the seat of a land registry office and a district court. The district of the local court of Prüm includes the municipalities of Arzfeld, Obere Kyll and Prüm (Section 6 No. 4 e Court Organization Act of Rhineland-Palatinate of October 5, 1977). For criminal matters that are part of the jurisdiction of the lay judge's court, the district court in Bitburg has jurisdiction.

In addition, the Federal Police Inspectorate Trier has had an area in Prüm since December 2006.

education

Prüm is a middle center and with a grammar school , a Progymnasium and other schools also a school center in the West Eifel.

Regino-Gymnasium , Vinzenz-von-Paul -Gymnasium, Kaiser-Lothar -Realschule Plus, vocational school, Astrid-Lindgren -School for learning and mentally handicapped people, Bertrada primary school, adult education center.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Conrad Moritz (1787–1881), district administrator
• Johann Jacob Alff-Becker (1796–1870), member of the Reichstag and Landtag
• Victor Schily (1811–1875), lawyer and revolutionary 1848/49
• Heinrich Lehmann (1876–1963), legal scholar
• Paul Scheer (1889–1946), police officer, most recently lieutenant general of the police and SS group leader in World War II
• Rudolf Meimberg (1912–2011), economist and university professor
• Oscar Holderer (1919–2015), German-American rocket engineer
• Karl-Maria Steffens (* 1928), actor, radio play and voice actor
• Werner Gauer (* 1937), classical archaeologist
• Erich Maas (* 1940), football player
• Heinz Klaus Mertes (* 1942), television journalist
• Ulrich Roski (1944–2003), songwriter
• Norbert Scheuer (* 1951), writer
• Josef Zierden (* 1954), high school teacher, literature manager and publicist
• Raimund Allebrand (* 1955), journalist, book author, theologian, psychologist
• Manfred Hell (* 1956), entrepreneur (Jack Wolfskin)
• Manfred Reuter (* 1957), journalist and book author
• Birgit Bormann (* 1965), national soccer player
• Jörg Antoine (* 1968), church lawyer, consistorial president in Berlin
• Walter Lehnertz (* 1967), art and antiques dealer
• Markus Klauk (* 1973), actor
• Michael Balter (* 1976), Belgian politician
• Alexander Miesen (* 1983), Belgian politician

Web links

Commons : Prüm  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City and community of Prüm
• To search for cultural goods of the city of Prüm in the database of cultural goods in the Trier region .
• Link catalog on the subject of Prüm at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, municipalities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - regional data
3. ^ Sabine Rath: The history of exploration of the Eifel geology - 200 years a classic area of ​​geological research . Aachen 2003 ( online [PDF; accessed on May 11, 2017] approved dissertation to obtain a doctorate in natural sciences by the faculty for georesources and materials technology of the Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen).
4. ↑ Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume  407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 176 (PDF; 2.8 MB).
5. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Municipal elections 2014, city and municipal council elections
6. ↑ Declaration of the coat of arms. (PDF) Retrieved February 15, 2017 . 
7. ↑ Eifel railway and river cycle paths: Ahr cycle path, Enz cycle path, Erft cycle path, Kalkeifel cycle path, Kyll cycle path, Maare-Mosel cycle path, Prüm cycle path, Urft cycle path, Vennbahn cycle path . 3rd, revised edition 2020. Esterbauer, 2020, ISBN 978-3-85000-831-0 .
8. ↑ https://www.vrt-info.de/buskonzept. In: Verkehrsverbund Region Trier. Retrieved April 30, 2019 .