Victor Schily

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Victor Schily , or Viktor Schily (born September 7, 1811 in Prüm ; died November 15, 1875 in Paris ), alias Fischer, was a German lawyer and revolutionary from 1848/49 .

Life

Victor Schily was the son of the clerk at the Peace Court Carl Caspar Schily (born 1770) and Margarethe Schily, born. Müller. His older brother was Johann Leonhard Wenzelaus Schily (1808–1869), later a notary in Trier. Victor Schily attended school in Prüm and then switched to the Athenäum grammar school in Luxembourg . He studied law at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn from 1831 to 1834. In addition to his legal lectures, Schily also attended lectures by Schlegel . He served as a one-year volunteer and was a second lieutenant in the Landwehr . From 1836 to 1838 he was an ausculator and from 1839 to 1843 trainee lawyer at the district court in Trier . Since 1843 he was established there as a lawyer.

On April 16, 1848, together with Ludwig Simon , Karl Leopold Wencelius, Karl Ludwig Otto, Peter Junk, Ludwig Josef Bleser and others, he signed the “People's Program” calling for the republic. He was elected deputy member of the Prussian National Assembly, where he belonged to the left . At the first Rhenish Democrats' Congress (August 13/14, 1848), Schily, who was present as a representative of the Democratic Association of Trier , was elected President. He was a participant in the people's assembly on the Frankfurter Pfingstweide in September 1848. With the establishment of the Brandenburg Ministry on November 9, 1848, the democratic forces were finally to be pushed back. On behalf of the Trier electorate, Schily appealed: "To step into the arena for the endangered freedom of the people, to protect the National Assembly with property and blood."

Schily gained notoriety through the so-called Prümer Zeughaussturm . On May 18, 1849, around 100 revolutionaries from various places, led by the lawyer Schily and Peter Imandt , stormed the Prussian armory in the Prüm arsenal.

In 1849 Schily fought on the Palatinate side in the Palatinate-Baden uprising under August Willich . At the end of May, the Baden Revolutionary Government agreed on a joint delegation from Baden and Rhine Bavaria to Paris. According to Karl Blind's testimony, Schily is said to have been one of the ambassadors with him (Blind). In June he organized the “first battalion of the Palatinate People's Army” in Obermoschel .

After the defeat, he fled to Switzerland. In Geneva he met Sigismund Ludwig Borkheim . Friedrich Engels stayed in Geneva between September 18 and 28 , where he met Borkheim, Schily and Wilhelm Liebknecht . In Trier he and Simon were fined 1,000 thalers for deserting in 1850 , and in 1850 in Zweibrücken he was sentenced to death in absentia. In February 1851, a community of the Sonderbund of the League of Communists (Fraktion Willich / Schapper ) was formed in Geneva . a. Johann Philipp Becker , Moses Hess , Schily and Imandt belonged. In the summer of 1852 he was expelled from Switzerland. He turned to London, then he found his livelihood in Paris as a legal advisor and translator from 1854. On February 20, 1856 Heinrich Heine was buried in the Montmartre cemetery. Schily attended the funeral. Hess and Schily were co-organizers of the Schiller Festival in Paris in November 1859 . The main speaker was Ludwig Kalisch .

In 1860 he supported Karl Marx for his book Mr. Vogt . He had intensive correspondence with the Marx family.

Schily joined the Paris section of the International Workers' Association (IAA). At the meeting of the General Council of the IAA on February 14, 1865, Marx, supported by Friedrich Leßner, suggested that Schily and Victor Le Lubez should resolve the disputes in this section together. Schily was the French delegate at the London Conference of the IAA, which met in London from September 25 to 29, 1865.

In 1868 Victor Schily was among the recipients of the first issue of the capital . Since 1869 he was a permanent employee of the social democratic newspaper Der Volksstaat .

Johann Philipp Becker described to Friedrich Adolph Sorge Schily in 1870: “As far as our friend Schily, who was twice sentenced to death and who was almost beyond measure, is concerned, I know him as well as my brother and I don't value anyone in the world more than him. Everything that happens to Schily, I take higher in the world than him. Incidentally, he is one of the most intimate friends of Marx, Engels, etc. ”During the Paris Commune , Schily visited Leó Frankel in April 1871 and informed Marx“ that the Commune would not last much longer. ”In April 1871 Reinhold Rüegg visited the sick Schily in Paris. “Hunger and cold would have saddened him much less than the poisonous chauvinism that suddenly reigned in those French whose second word was the solidarity of the peoples. He could not forgive the Parisians for this sudden change, this ugly denial of principles [...]. "

On September 27, 1875, Marx wrote: “Kaub and Dr. C. Hirsch , who came over from Paris for a few days, tell me that our old friend Schily (he still lives at 4, rue St.-Quentin) is not doing well; First he had been in trouble with his better half of the couple for years, his health was shaken, and the majority of his German clients had been lost because they had to leave Paris since the catastrophe, they had become grim, anti-French, somewhat conservative. He could do well in Strasbourg, but he is rightly too proud to petition the Prussians. ”On November 15, 1875, Viktor Schily died in Paris. Simon Deutsch and Carl Hirsch attended his funeral . Hirsch also wrote an obituary for Schily.

He was the great-uncle of Viktor Albert Franz Schily and great-great-uncle of Otto Schily .

Works

Newspaper correspondence

Letters

  • To Gottfried Kinkel . August 30, 1852.
  • To Karl Marx June 19, 1855.
  • To Jenny Marx and Karl Marx. March 24, 1856.
  • To Jenny Marx and Karl Marx. December 28, 1856.
  • To Karl Marx. February 2, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. February 9, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. March 6, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. March 22, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. Between March 22nd and 26th, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. Between March 22nd and 26th, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. After March 26, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. April 2, 1860.
  • To Jenny Marx. April 2, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. April 21, 1860.
  • To Carl Siebel and Karl Marx. April 29, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. May 3, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. June 1, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. June 6, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. June 19, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. June 24, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. July 13, 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. Probably early August 1860.
  • To Karl Marx. July 3, 1861.
  • To Karl Marx. July 26, 1861.
  • To Karl Marx. November 5, 1861.
  • To Karl Marx. April 9-15, 1862.
  • To Johann Philipp Becker. March 4, 1862 (excerpt)
  • To Karl Marx. May 2, 1862.
  • To Karl Marx. May 18, 1862.
  • To Karl Marx. May 21, 1862.
  • To Jenny Caroline Marx . October 1862.
  • To Jenny Marx. January 6, 1863.
  • To Karl Marx. August 29, 1864.
  • To Karl Marx. January 3, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. January 19-20, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. February 5, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. February 25-28, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. February 27, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. March 20, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. April 10, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. April 16, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. April 24, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. April 27, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. May 18-25, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. September 10, 1865.
  • To Karl Marx. September 11, 1865.
  • To Jenny Marx. September 11, 1865.
  • To Jenny Marx. September 18, 1867.
  • To Karl Marx. September 25, 1867.
  • To Karl Marx. January 24, 1868.
  • To Jenny Marx. January 24, 1868.
  • To Karl Marx. February 7, 1868.
  • To Karl Marx. April 26, 1868.
  • To Karl Marx. June 24, 1870.
  • To Karl Marx. April 29, 1871.
  • In the estate of Johann Philipp Becker D II 951–963 and 965–966 and 968–969 and 973–974 and 978–993d. ( International Institute for Social History , Amsterdam): 34 letters, five fragments, one visiting card. Digitized

literature

  • Criminal procedure against Dr. C. Green and 22 comrades. Because of treason resp. Looting of the arsenal in Prüm. Negotiated before the Assize in Trier in January 1850 . Lintz, Trier 1850 digitized
  • Indictment files, drawn up by the K. General State Procuratorate of the Palatinate, together with the verdict of the Prosecution Chamber of the K. Appellate Court of the Palatinate in Zweibrucken on June 29, 1850, in the investigation against Martin Reichard, dismissed notary in Speyer and 332 consorts, for armed Rebellion against the armed power, high treason and state treason, etc. Ritter, Zweibrücken 1850. Digitized
  • Friedrich Eberhardt: General Police Gazette . Dresden February 28, 1852, p. 8. Digitized
  • Schilly, [sic!] Dr. from Trier . In: Wermuth / Stieber : The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century. On official order for use by the police authorities of all German federal states. Second part. Containing: The personal details of the persons appearing in the Communist investigations . AW Hayn, Berlin 1854, p. 111. Digitized
  • Gottfried Kentenich : The history of the city of Trier from its foundation to the present. Memorandum for the centenary of the city's membership of the Prussian state . Lintz, Trier 1915, pp. 831, 832, 837, 838, 841, 849, 850. Dilibri
  • Heinz-Günther Böse: Victor Schily (1811–1875) . In: Elisabeth Dühr (Ed.): “The worst point in the province”. Democratic revolution 1848/49 in Trier and the surrounding area . Trier 1998, ISBN 3-930866-13-7 , pp. 184-186.
  • Heinz-Günther Böse: Schily, Viktor . In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon . Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000. ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , pp. 400–401.
  • Heinrich Gemkow : Sigismund Ludwig Borkheim. From royal Prussian gunner to Russia expert at the side of Marx and Engels. Argument Verlag 2003. ISBN 3-88619-650-X , pp. 81-88. (Friendship with Johann Philipp Becker and Victor Schily)
  • Family Marx private. The photo and questionnaire albums of Marx's daughters Laura and Jenny. An annotated facsimile edition . Edited by Izumi Omura, Valerij Fomičev, Rolf Hecker and Shun-ichi Kubo. With an essay by Iring Fetscher, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-05-004118-8 , pp. 398-399. Contains an entry in Jenny Marx (daughter) "Confession book" by Victor Schily.
  • Rolf Dlubek : Victor Schily (1811-1875). From the leader of the Trier radical democrats to the Parisian shop steward of the International Workers' Association . In: Contributions to the history of the labor movement , Berlin, 52. (2010), Heft 4, pp. 33–89. ISSN  0942-3060
  • Rolf Hecker, Angelika Limmroth (ed.): Jenny Marx. The letters . Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-320-02297-6 . Contains letters from Victor Schily.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eberhard Klopp: History of the Trier workers' movement. Volume 1, Editions Trèves, Trier 1984, p. 182.
  2. ↑ Festschrift for the 60th birthday of Prof. Dr. phil. Hans Lülfing on Nov. 24, 1966 (= Central Journal for Libraries. Supplement; 83). Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1966, p. 39.
  3. ^ Heinz-Günther Böse: Wecelius, Karl Leopold. In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000, ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , p. 500.
  4. ^ Eberhard Klopp: Otto, Karl Ludwig. In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000, ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , p. 332.
  5. ^ Heinz-Günther Böse: Junk, Peter. In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000, ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , pp. 205–206.
  6. ^ Theresia Zimmer: Bleser, Ludwig Josef. In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000, ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , p. 34.
  7. ^ Dieter Dowe : The first socialist daily newspaper in Germany. The path of the “Trierische Zeitung” from liberalism via “true socialism” to anarchism (1840–1851). In: Archives for Social History. 1972, p. 93, note 259.
  8. ↑ "At the meal that just took place as a representative for Berlin, lawyer Schily was elected with 27 (among 31) votes." In: Vossische Zeitung . No. 276 of November 25, 1848.
  9. ↑ He was one of the signatories of the “Address of the Democratic Party in the People's Chamber”. "Berlin, March 15, 1849" (Printed in: Karl Obermann : Leaflets of the Revolution. A collection of leaflets on the history of the revolution of 1848/49 in Germany. Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1970, pp. 382–384.)
  10. ↑ The League of Communists. Volume 1, Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1970, p. 828 ff. And p. 838.
  11. ↑ Neue Rheinische Zeitung , No. 144 of November 16, 1848, p. 1, column 3.
  12. ↑ Described in detail by Erhard Kiehnbaum: Peter Imandt - Eine Biographie. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-320-02030-7 , p. 65 ff.
  13. ^ Karl Blind: The Baden-Palatinate Legation in Paris in 1849. Memories from the Sturm und Drang times. In: The Gazebo . 1902.
  14. ^ Johann Philipp Becker, Christian Esselen : History of the South German May Revolution of 1849. Geneva 1849, p. 306 ( digitized version ).
  15. ^ Maria Imandt to Peter Imandt, August 8, 1849. In: Kurt Koszyk , Karl Obermann (Ed.): Contemporaries of Marx and Engels. Selected letters from the years 1844 to 1852. Van Gercum, Assen 1975, ISBN 90-232-1293-2 , pp. 264 f.
  16. ^ Friedrich Engels to Jenny Marx, July 25, 1849. In: Marx-Engels-Werke. Volume 27, p. 502 ( digitized version ).
  17. ^ Heinrich Gemkow: Sigismund Ludwig Borkheim.
  18. ↑ Michael Knieriem: Engels as a political refugee in Switzerland in the summer of 1849. In: Yearbook of the IMSF 6. Frankfurt am Main 1983, pp. 367-375 ( digitized version ).
  19. ↑ Friedrich Rang (Ed.): Anzeiger für die Politische Polizei Deutschland for the period from January 1, 1848 to the present. A manual for every German police officer. Liepsch & Reichardt, Dresden 1855, p. 228 ( digitized version ).
  20. ↑ Der Bayerische Landbote, No. 307 of October 13, 1850 ( digitized version ).
  21. ^ Georg Eckert : From the correspondence of the Communist League (Willich / Schapper faction). In: Archives for Social History. Volume 5, Hanover 1965, p. 277.
  22. ↑ Schily's expulsion from Switzerland. In: Karl Marx: Mr. Vogt. London 1860, p. 175 ff. ( Digitized version ).
  23. ↑ His calling card read: “Cabinet de Droit International. Schily, anc- Advocat á la cour d'appel de Cologne [sic!]. Consulitations de Droit Français et Etranger […] ”.
  24. ↑ Rolf Hecker, Angelika Limmroth (ed.): Jenny Marx. The letters. P. 200.
  25. ↑ Edmund Silberner : Moses Hess. Story of his life. Brill, Leiden 1966, p. 378.
  26. ^ Discours prononcé au Festival de Schiller. Aubusson et Kugelmann, Paris 1859.
  27. ^ The letters from Karl and Jenny Marx to Schily have not yet been found with the exception of the letter from Marx to Schily of November 30, 1867. ( Marx-Engels-Werke, Volume 31, pp. 573-574.)
  28. ^ Götz Langkau: The German section in Paris. In: International Review of Social History. Volume 17, Issue 1, April 1972, pp. 103-150.
  29. ^ Documents of the First International. 1864-1866. Lawrence & Wishart, London n.d., p. 74.
  30. ^ Documents of the First International. 1864-1866. Lawrence & Wishart, London, n.d., pp. 231-250.
  31. ↑ "The two copies to Schily were sent 5 weeks ago" ( Otto Meißner to Marx. March 16, 1868. In: Rolf Dlubek, Hannes Skambraks: "Das Kapital" by Karl Marx in the German labor movement 1867/1878. Dietz Verlag , Berlin 1967, p. 134.); Rolf Hecker, Larisa Mis'kevič: Capital with dedications from Marx and Engels. In: MEGA studies 1994/1. Edited by the International Marx-Engels Foundation, Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-320-01826-4 , p. 111.
  32. ↑ Heinz-Günther Böse: Schily, Viktor. In: Heinz Monz (ed.): Trier biographical lexicon. Landesarchivverwaltung, Koblenz 2000, ISBN 3-931014-49-5 , p. 401.
  33. ↑ Becker an Sorge, August 1, 1870. In: Letters and trains from letters from Joh. Phil. Becker, Jos. Dietzgen, Friedrich Engels, Karl Marx a. A. to FA Sorge and others. JHW Dietz successor, Stuttgart 1906, p. 15 ( digitized version ).
  34. ↑ Karl Marx an Sorge, September 1, 1870: "Schily is not only one of my oldest and most intimate friends: he is one of the most capable, bravest, most reliable members of the party." In: Marx-Engels-Werke. Volume 33, p. 140 ( digitized version ).
  35. ^ Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels: Diary of the Paris Commune. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1971, p. 202.
  36. ↑ Reinhold Rüegg: Markus Bürgi. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . November 18, 2010 , accessed July 7, 2019 .
  37. ↑ Reinhold Rüegg: From letters to Johann Phillipp Becker. In: The new time . Review of intellectual and public life. 6 (1888), issue 12, pp. 558-569, here p. 567 ( digitized version ).
  38. ^ Karl Marx to Peter Imandt, September 27, 1875. In: Marx-Engels-Werke. Volume 34, p. 153.
  39. ↑ "German came to me at Schily's funeral". Carl Hirsch to Wilhelm Liebknecht, November 23, 1875. In: Georg Eckert (Hrsg.): Wilhelm Liebknecht correspondence with German Social Democrats. Volume I. 1862-1878. Van Gorcum, Assen 1973, p. 660.
  40. ^ C. Paris, November 23. In: Der Volksstaat, No. 139, December 1, 1875. Printed in full by Georg Eckert: Wilhelm Liebknecht Correspondence with German Social Democrats. Volume I. 1862-1878. P. 564.
  41. ↑ Ralf Stremmel:  Schily, Viktor Albert Franz. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 22, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-428-11203-2 , p. 775 f. ( Digitized version ).
  42. ^ University and State Library, Bonn. Kinkel estate S 2703.
  43. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition . Department III. Volume 7, p. 457.
  44. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , pp. 201–202.
  45. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , pp. 227–228.
  46. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 214-217. (Salutation: "Dear Williams". Signature: "Fischer" (= code name))
  47. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Banad 10, pp. 237-238.
  48. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 350-358.
  49. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 404-407.
  50. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, p. 412.
  51. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, p. 413.
  52. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, p. 416.
  53. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 426-428.
  54. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , p. 264.
  55. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 497-500.
  56. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, pp. 528-530.
  57. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 10, p. 537.
  58. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 8-11.
  59. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 29-30.
  60. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 44-45.
  61. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, p. 59.
  62. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, p. 80.
  63. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 90-98.
  64. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 526-528.
  65. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 546-547.
  66. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 11, pp. 584-587.
  67. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, pp. 58-61.
  68. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, p. 31.
  69. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, pp. 84-86.
  70. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, pp. 102-103.
  71. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, p. 107.
  72. ^ Family Marx private .
  73. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , pp. 306–307.
  74. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 12, p. 616.
  75. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 143-145.
  76. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 166-169.
  77. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 207-208.
  78. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 279-284.
  79. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 289-290.
  80. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 341-344.
  81. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 383-387.
  82. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 401-403.
  83. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 414-416.
  84. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 423-425.
  85. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 454-464.
  86. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, pp. 544-547.
  87. ↑ Marx-Engels Complete Edition. Department III. Volume 13, p. 549.
  88. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , pp. 306–307.
  89. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , p. 405.
  90. ↑ Jenny Marx. The letters , p. 421.
  91. ^ Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels: Diary of the Paris Commune . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1971, pp. 201-203.
personal data
SURNAME Schily, Victor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schily, Viktor; Fischer (alias)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer, participant in the revolution of 1848/49
DATE OF BIRTH September 7, 1811
PLACE OF BIRTH Prüm
DATE OF DEATH November 15, 1875
Place of death Paris