Prussian T 4
In the class T 4 of the Prussian State Railways , several types of similar passenger train tender locomotives with a drive axle , a coupling axle and a running axle were combined.
Early designs
The T 4 were steam tender locomotives with a front running axle and two driven axles. They were mainly used in suburban traffic in Berlin, but were also used in Hamburg and Magdeburg. When the T 4 became too weak for suburban traffic, its area of operation changed to branch line traffic. The different types - Moabit type, Magdeburg type, Altona type, 2nd Berlin form and the T 4.1 included in the standard components - were very similar and only differed in details. They were all wet steam locomotives with cylinders in front of the barrel axis.
Moabit type
This first variant was built by Borsig in 1882 . It was named after the last locomotive in this series, as all locomotives had names. Three locomotives were used in Berlin, the other three in Hamburg. They had a steam dome and a boiler pressure of 10 bar. They were retired by 1913.
Altona type
Ten locomotives of this type were built by the Union foundry in Königsberg (East Prussia) in 1888 . They had a laterally adjustable Adam's axis , but were otherwise largely identical to the Moabit type and were used together with this in Hamburg and Berlin.
Construction type Magdeburg
The Magdeburg type locomotives were built in 1884 by Borsig (ten pieces) and in 1888 by Henschel (four pieces). They had a boiler pressure of 12 bar and a larger water tank capacity. They were used in the Berlin and Magdeburg suburban traffic. In the second series, the steam dome was omitted.
Berlin shape
In contrast to the 1st Berlin form (see Prussian T 2 ), the 2nd Berlin form was a development from the Moabit type . Of these, 68 machines were built between 1888 and 1893. The first six machines had a boiler pressure of 10 bar and a laterally shiftable Adam's axle, the rest a rigid barrel axle and a boiler pressure of 12 bar. All had larger water and coal containers compared to the previous designs.
| T 4 (Prussia) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moabit type | Altona type | Construction type Magdeburg | Berlin shape | |
| Number: | 6th | 10 | 14th | 68 |
| Manufacturer : | Borsig | union | Borsig, Henschel | Henschel, Hanomag |
| Year of construction (s): | 1882 | 1888 | 1884ff. | 1884ff. |
| Retirement: | 1913 | 1924 | 1924 | 1924 |
| Axis formula : | 1B | 1'B | 1B | 1B |
| Gauge : | 1,435 mm | 1,435 mm | 1,435 mm | 1,435 mm |
| Length over buffers: | 9,780 mm | 9,980 mm | 9,980 mm | 10,003 mm |
| Service mass: | 40.7 t | 41.0 t | 43.3 t | 43.2 t |
| Friction mass: | 27.0 t | 28.6 t | 27.9 t | 28.8 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 13.5 t | 14.3 t | 14.0 t | 14.4 t |
| Top speed: | ||||
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,514 mm | 1,590 mm | 1,530 mm | 1,594 mm |
| Impeller diameter (front): | 1,094 mm | 1,170 mm | 1,000 mm | 974 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm | 420 mm | 420 mm | 420 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 610 mm | 610 mm | 610 mm | 610 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 10 bar | 10 bar | 12 bar | 12 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.37 m² | 1.37 m² | 1.37 m² | 1.37 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 90.67 m² | 84.80 m² | 84.80 m² | 90.50 m² |
| Brake: | ||||
T 4 type Hanover
| T 4 type Hanover (Prussia) | |
|---|---|
| Number: | 24 |
| Manufacturer: | Hanomag |
| Year of construction (s): | 1885 and 1890 |
| Retirement: | 1923 |
| Axis formula : | 1'B |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 8,850 mm |
| Service mass: | 36.8 / 39.0 t |
| Friction mass: | 24.8 / 26.0 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 12.4 / 13.0 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,530 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,130 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 400 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 600 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.43 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 83.30 m² |
| Brake: | Handbrake |
The T 4 of the Hanover type had construction characteristics similar to the T 4.3. The cylinder was between the running axle and the first coupled wheel set, the drive acted on the second coupled axle. The barrel axis was designed as a laterally shiftable Adam axis. The locomotive had a water boiler between the frames, an external all-control system and a small control head.
In the years from 1885 to 1890 a total of 24 locomotives of this type were built, mainly by Hanomag , but also by Henschel and Hartmann . The locomotives were intended for suburban traffic from Hanover, Danzig and Kassel. Later they were also used in freight train, shunting and branch line service. They were retired before 1923.
T 4.1
| T 4.1 | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Number: | 169 |
| Manufacturer: | Henschel |
| Year of construction (s): | 1890ff. |
| Retirement: | 1924 |
| Axis formula : | 1B |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 9,840 mm |
| Service mass: | 43.2 t |
| Friction mass: | 29.1 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 14.6 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,580 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,130 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 600 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.60 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 89.60 m² |
| Brake: | Compressed air type Carpenter |
In order to achieve a standardization, the Prussian State Railways prepared a sample sheet according to which a total of 169 T 4.1 locomotives were delivered between 1890 and 1899, two of which went to the Royal Prussian Military Railway . It was a continuation of the Berlin form without a steam dome with a boiler pressure of 12 bar. The locomotives were used in suburban rail traffic from Berlin and other cities until 1913, but then, when more powerful machines became available, they were handed over to the branch line service.
The Reichseisenbahnen in Alsace-Lorraine also put ten T 4.1s into service, all of which had been delivered by Henschel in 1899. They were first designated D 28, from 1906 T 6 and from 1912 T 4. They were used in light passenger train service. The locomotives were retired by 1933.
The Eutin-Lübeck Railway purchased eight T 4.1s from Henschel between 1892 and 1908. Unlike the Prussian design, they had a steam dome. The locomotives were used in both passenger and freight train services. One of the locomotives that had been converted to superheated steam in 1924 came to the Deutsche Reichsbahn as 70 201 after the nationalization of this railway in 1941. It was sold by them in 1944.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn added a Magdeburg type locomotive as 70 7001, one of the Altona type as 70 7004, and nine of the Berlin type as 69 7001, 69 7002, 70 7002, 70 7003 and 70 7012-7016 in their designation plan from 1923 . The Reichsbahn numbers 70 7005–7011, 70 7017–7033 and 70 7036–7038 were still planned for the T 4.1. By 1925, however, all locomotives were taken out of service. Only the 70 7007 still had a Reichsbahn number as a works locomotive in Meiningen.
A T 4.1 is available in the Railway Museum in Warsaw - albeit heavily changed due to a renovation.
T 4.2
| T 4.2 (Prussia) DR class 69.70 DR class 69.61 |
|
|---|---|
| Numbering: | DR 69 7003 (planned) DR 69 6101 |
| Number: | 63 |
| Manufacturer: | Henschel , Schichau |
| Year of construction (s): | 1889ff. |
| Retirement: | 1951 |
| Axis formula : | B1 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 9,530 mm |
| Service mass: | 39.8 t |
| Friction mass: | 26.2 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 13.6 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,544 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 1,000 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 400 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 575 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 10 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.18 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 84.00 m² |
| Brake: | Weight brake Air brake |
The T 4.2 of the Prussian State Railways was a tank locomotive with two driven axles and a rear axle for use on branch lines. It was based on a design of the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft from 1868. It differed from this in some dimensions and also in appearance. The coal bunker was behind the driver's cab. The boiler was of the Crampton type. The weight brake was replaced by compressed air brakes shortly after it was put into service. In the years from 1889 to 1897, a total of 63 locomotives of this type were built by Henschel and Schichau . Some of the locomotives were also referred to as T 2 .
In 1923, only one locomotive from the Deutsche Reichsbahn was included in its designation plan as 69 7003 , but it was retired by 1925.
The Deutsche Reichsbahn in the GDR received a T 4.2 as 69 6101 in its inventory through the nationalization of the private railways in 1950. This locomotive was retired in 1951.
T 4.3
| T 4.3 (Prussia) DR class 70.70 |
|
|---|---|
| Numbering: | 70 7034–7035 (planned) |
| Number: | 3 |
| Manufacturer: | Schichau |
| Year of construction (s): | 1898 |
| Retirement: | 1924 |
| Axis formula : | 1'B |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 9,760 mm |
| Service mass: | 45.0 t |
| Friction mass: | 30.0 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 15.0 t |
| Top speed: | 75 km / h |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,600 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1,150 mm |
| Cylinder diameter: | 420 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 600 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 bar |
| Grate area: | 1.54 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 86.67 m² |
The three T 4.3 locomotives were built by Schichau in 1898 for the Prussian State Railways. They were intended for use on the winding Werra Railway. Although only three locomotives of this type were produced, the Prussian State Railways put together their own sample sheet. At 4,800 mm, the T 4.3 had the largest wheelbase of all T 4 models. The running axle and the first coupling axle were combined in a Krauss-Helmholtz bogie . It also had a Heusinger control . Later the locomotives also used the Unstrutbahn and the Coburg – Rodach line .
The Deutsche Reichsbahn still included the redesignation of two locomotives as 70 7034 and 70 7035 in their re-drawing plan, but they were retired in 1923.
literature
Lothar Spielhoff: Länderbahn steam locomotives. Volume 1 . Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg 1995, ISBN 3-89350-819-8 , p. 74-79 .