Dollhouse

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stromer dolls house, 1639, Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg
Living room of a doll's house
Doll's house in the Zurich toy museum
Do-it-yourself dollhouse
Dollhouse Church ( Baptist Chapel )

A doll's house or a doll's house is a replica of an apartment or a house in small format, furnished and equipped for miniature dolls . Dollhouses and their furniture are traditionally made of wood , but today they are often made of plastic .

history

The history of the dollhouse goes back to the 16th century. The oldest known doll's house was built in 1558 for Duke Albrecht V of Bavaria - not as a toy, but as a small work of art and showpiece. In the 17th and 18th centuries, wealthy patrician families in Nuremberg and Augsburg took up this idea and had their houses rebuilt in miniature to show their wealth. Especially in the Netherlands it was fashionable not to embed these “dollhouses” in model houses, but to design them as a baroque cupboard .

The first “modern” doll's house, which was made with educational intent, was created by Anna Köferlin in Nuremberg in 1631, who also had a leaflet produced for it. Girls should be prepared in a playful way for their future job as housewives . It wasn't until the Biedermeier period that the toy became more widespread. The model was the apartments of upscale middle-class families, which were reproduced as faithfully as possible.

There were also individual rooms as dolls' houses, especially as salons and doll kitchens , which were equipped with all the necessary kitchen appliances. At this time, the shop also appeared, with which siblings could play together. In the meantime, dollhouses were manufactured industrially, but in poor families they were made in a simple form by hand. In the past, it was customary in Germany to set up the dollhouse for giving presents on Christmas Eve and to repack it after Christmas on Epiphany and stow it in the attic so that it could only be played with for a short time.

Old specimens can now be seen in toy museums; they are also sought-after collectibles.

Outstanding "dollhouses"

Sorted by time of origin

Stromer dollhouse

The Stromersche dolls house is one of four Nuremberg dolls houses that can be seen in the toy collection of the Germanic National Museum. The doll's house, named after its owner, has hardly been redesigned since it was built in 1639, so that an unusually high proportion of original furniture has been preserved from the more than 1000 items in the doll's house. Its 15 rooms include a stable , a chamber for the servant, one for the maid, an office , a pantry , a wine and beer cellar , a nursery , a room that can be used as a bathroom and laundry room, a living room with a bed, and a bedroom , a representative audience room, a kitchen with an open stove and chimney and the corresponding anteroom. The Stromersche dollhouse is on loan from the Tucher'schen Kulturstiftung.

Doll town Mon Plaisir in Arnstadt

Scene from the baroque doll town of Mon Plaisir, ladies having tea
Scene from the baroque doll town of Mon Plaisir, ladies having tea

Probably unique in the world is a complete doll town called Mon plaisir . It was made for Princess Auguste Dorothea von Schwarzburg-Arnstadt (1666–1751) in Arnstadt (Thuringia), wife of Anton Günther II. Von Schwarzburg -Arnstadt (1653–1716). The first scenes were created around 1700. This town, consisting of numerous dollhouses, was never intended as a toy, but as a work of art. The aim was to reproduce the reality of that time with the nobility , bourgeoisie and farmers . The princely residence is represented in numerous rooms, with puppets in each room recreating small scenes as a representation of court life: the princess with maid in the morning toilet , the princess in the nursery , the barber at the prince, an evening party at court, the chamber music , the royal kitchen etc. the city also contains a monastery in miniature . It also represents craftsmen and a market. The doll town is populated by over 400 dolls that were handcrafted by the princess's court . The entire complex has been owned by the Arnstadt Museum Foundation since 1932 and is exhibited in the Arnstadt Castle Museum in the New Palais .

Dollhouse of the Gienanth family

This was created from 1883 to 1885 in several sections that were added annually as Christmas presents for the daughters of the family of Elise Gienanth (1853-1920) and the industrialist Eugen von Gienanth . It represents a high point of development in its handicraft equipment and represents an upper-class household from the early days .

Queen Mary's Dolls' House

The largest dolls house in the world, Queen Mary's Dolls' House , can be viewed at Windsor Castle . It was made between 1921 and 1924 by 1,500 craftsmen for the then Queen Mary .

Dollhouse Kunze

The Dresden restorer Andreas Kunze has been building the largest dollhouse in Germany since 1993 . It has 60 rooms that are very detailed in the style of the Wilhelminian era on a scale of 1:12 .

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Dieter Büchner: Doll houses and dollhouses . In: Old toys. Companion book. Aulendorf Castle Museum, branch museum of the Württemberg State Museum in Stuttgart. Württembergisches Landesmuseum, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-929055-45-7 , pp. 37-68.
  • Marianne Cieslik / Swantje Köhler: Lexicon of dollhouses and dollhouses . Cieslik, Jülich 2003, ISBN 3-921844-70-3
  • Matthias Gretzschel / Elke Dröscher: What is that? What everyday things from dollhouses reveal . Junius, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-88506-816-7
  • Valerie C. Jackson: Doll Houses . Laterna Magica, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-87467-390-1
  • Ulrike Knoll: From a childhood dream to a collector's item. Dollhouses, dollhouses and other products from the Moritz Gottschalk Marienberg toy factory from the Knoll collection . radicula-Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-00-054406-4
  • Angela Markhoff: Fascinating dollhouses. Big world in a small way. The collection of Princess Monika of Hanover . Kunstverlag Weingarten, Weingarten 1995, ISBN 3-8170-1020-6
  • Renate Müller-Krumbach: Small perfect world. A cultural history of the dollhouse . Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 1992, ISBN 3-361-00331-8
  • Renate Müller-Krumbach: The von Gienanth family's dollhouse . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 2016. ISBN 978-3-88462-368-8
  • Mary Stewart-Wilson: The Most Beautiful Dollhouse In The World . Laterna Magica, Munich 1989, ISBN 3-87467-397-9
  • Alice Wagner / Botho G. Wagner: dollhouses, dollhouses. Kitchens, shops and accessories from three centuries . Heyne, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-453-09375-5
  • Swantje Köhler: Christian Hacker - wooden toy factory in Nuremberg 1835-1927 , Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-9811524-2-5
  • Susan Stewart: On Longing: Narratives of the Miniature, the Gigantic, the Souvenir, the Collection , Duke University Press Books, 1993.

Web links

Commons : Dollhouses  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Puppenstube  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Wiktionary: Dollhouse  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Germanisches Nationalmuseum : Online object catalog Stromersches Puppenhaus
  2. ^ Müller-Krumbach: Das Puppenhaus , p. 9.
  3. ^ Müller-Krumbach: Das Puppenhaus , p. 9.
  4. ↑ See for example Heidi A. Müller: An ideal household in miniature format. The 17th century Nuremberg dolls' houses. Nuremberg 2006 (= cultural-historical walks in the Germanischgen National Museum. Volume 9). ISBN 978-3-936688-13-9 .
  5. ^ Germanisches Nationalmuseum : toy collection in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum
  6. ↑ Müller-Krumbach: Das Puppenhaus , pp. 7, 11.
  7. ^ Müller-Krumbach: Das Puppenhaus , p. 8.
  8. ↑ Doreen Hübler: Mr. Kunze's world is a doll's house. in Sächsische Zeitung , 22 Sep. 2010.