Quinoclamine

Structural formula
General
Surname	Quinoclamine
other names	2-amino-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone
Molecular formula	C 10 H 6 ClNO 2
Brief description	yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	220-529-2
ECHA InfoCard	100.018.663
PubChem	17748
Wikidata	Q2123248
properties
Molar mass	207.61 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.55 g cm −3 (bulk density)
Melting point	202 ° C
boiling point	348 ° C (decomposition)
Vapor pressure	7.0 10 −3 mPa (25 ° C)
solubility	practically insoluble in water (0.02 g / l at 20 ° C); Slightly soluble in acetone (26 g / l), methanol (6.57 g / l) and toluene (3.14 g / l) at 20 ° C;
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 302-319-331-400
	P: 261-273-305 + 351 + 338-311
Toxicological data	1360 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral ) ; > 5000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , transdermal ) ;
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Quinoclamine is a chemical compound from the quinone group that is used as a herbicide .

Extraction and presentation

Quinoclamine can be obtained by reacting 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone with ammonia by nucleophilic substitution .

properties

Quinoclamine is a yellow solid that is practically insoluble in water.

use

Quinoclamine is used as a herbicide and algicide . The effect is based on the inhibition of photosynthesis.

Admission

The active ingredient quinoclamine was approved in Germany in 1998. In the European Union it was approved for use as a herbicide with effect from January 1, 2009. However, the approval has since expired.

In Switzerland, plant protection products (e.g. Mogeton) with this active ingredient are approved.

Web links

Review report for the active substance quinoclamine , March 14, 2008

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j data sheet Quinoclamine at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 21, 2017 ( PDF ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Entry on Quinoclamine in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed July 31, 2013.
↑ Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide synthesis handbook . 1996, ISBN 978-0-8155-1401-5 , pp. 968 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ pesticide info : Quinoclamine - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

↑ Peter Brandt: Reports on Plant Protection Products 2009: Active Ingredients in Plant Protection Products ; Approval history and regulations of the Plant Protection Application Ordinance . Springer DE, 2010, ISBN 3-0348-0028-2 , pp. 25 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

↑ Directive 2008/66 / EC of the Commission of 30 June 2008 amending Council Directive 91/414 / EEC to include the active substances bifenox, diflufenican, fenoxaprop-P, fenpropidin and quinoclamine (PDF) .

↑ General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Quinoclamine in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on December 6, 2019.

[Sigma-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j data sheet Quinoclamine at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on May 21, 2017 ( PDF ).

[PPDB-2] Entry on Quinoclamine in the Pesticide Properties DataBase (PPDB) of the University of Hertfordshire , accessed July 31, 2013.

[Unger-3] Thomas A. Unger: Pesticide synthesis handbook . 1996, ISBN 978-0-8155-1401-5 , pp. 968 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[pesticideinfo-4] sticide info : Quinoclamine - toxicity, ecological toxicity and regulatory information

[Peter_Brandt-5] Peter Brandt: Reports on Plant Protection Products 2009: Active Ingredients in Plant Protection Products ; Approval history and regulations of the Plant Protection Application Ordinance . Springer DE, 2010, ISBN 3-0348-0028-2 , pp. 25 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[6] Directive 2008/66 / EC of the Commission of 30 June 2008 amending Council Directive 91/414 / EEC to include the active substances bifenox, diflufenican, fenoxaprop-P, fenpropidin and quinoclamine (PDF) .

[PSM-7] General Directorate Health and Food Safety of the European Commission: Entry on Quinoclamine in the EU pesticide database ; Entry in the national registers of plant protection products in Switzerland , Austria and Germany ; accessed on December 6, 2019.