People's Republic of Crimea
| Qırım Halq Cumhuriyeti | |||||
| People's Republic of Crimea | |||||
| 1917-1918 | |||||
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| Motto : Ant etkenmen (Crimean) | |||||
| Official language | Crimean Tatar | ||||
| Capital | Bakhchysarai | ||||
| Form of government | republic | ||||
| Head of state , also head of government | Noman Çelebicihan | ||||
| surface | 26,860 km² | ||||
| population | 749,800 | ||||
| Population density | 27.9 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| independence | December 13, 1917 (from the Russian Empire ) | ||||
| National anthem | Ant etkenmen | ||||
The People's Republic of Crimea ( Crimean Tatar Qırım Halq Cumhuriyeti ) was a short-lived Eastern European state that was located on the Crimean peninsula . In the north it bordered on Ukraine . The People's Republic existed from December 1917 to February 23, 1918 and was the first successful (if short-lived) attempt in the Islamic world to establish a sovereign state that was both secular and democratic ; similar to the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan and Turkey under Mustafa Kemal Ataturk , both of which were founded later. The establishment of the state was a consequence of the breakup of the Russian Empire after the October Revolution of 1917.
population
The main religion of the state (not the official state religion ) was Sunni Islam , the official language was Crimean Tatar . The People's Republic of Crimea was declared by an initiative of the Kurultai (People's Assembly) of the Crimean Tatars , which established the equality of all ethnicities within the peninsula; due to the displacement of local Crimean Tatars in the days of the Russian Empire and a targeted Russifizierungs policy, however, were by now, most local people Slavs : Approximately 42 percent at the time were Russians, 11 percent of Ukrainians , in addition, there were also Armenians , Pontic Greeks , Crimea Germans and Krimitaliener . This was the result of the Russification policy of the Russian Empire, which pursued both the settlement of Russians and Ukrainians and the expulsion of the Turkic-speaking, Crimean Tatar population.
Although the Crimean Tatars made up only a third of the population, they were nonetheless the dominant population group within the political and cultural life of the state. Based on the experiences of the past, they therefore initiated a Tatarisation of the rest of the population. Noman Çelebicihan was the first president of the nascent republic.
Political system
The Kurultai stood in opposition to the Bolsheviks and published a Crimean Tatar Basic Law , which convened a constituent assembly for the entire Crimea. It also established a directorate system as a provisional government and a council of national representatives as a provisional parliament.
These intentions to democratize and consolidate the state were quickly thwarted by Russia's Black Sea Fleet , which was dominated by anarchist Bolsheviks . After the short-lived Crimean Tatar statehood was broken up, the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of Crimea was established.
Symbols
Military flag of the People's Republic of Crimea, 1917–1918
Religious flag of the Crimean Tatars, 1917–1918
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Paul Robert Magocsi: Ukraine: An Illustrated History . University of Washington Press , Seattle 2007, ISBN 0-295-98723-5 , pp. 238 .
- ↑ a b Petr Garchev: Kurultay AND CENTRAL Council. (No longer available online.) In: Center of Information and Documentation of Crimean Tatars. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009 ; Retrieved June 10, 2008 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
