Resian
The Resianische is a Slovenian dialect that apart from the standard Slovene own literary language has developed. It is spoken in twelve localities in the Resia Valley in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia . The number of speakers in Resian is only 1,500; Usually one differentiates at least four sub-dialects: those of Njiva ( Gniva ), Bela ( San Giorgio ), Osojane ( Oscacco ) and Solbica ( Stolvizza ).
Language area
The Resia Valley is separated from the actual Slovene-speaking area by a mountain range of the Julian Alps as a natural border and by the Italian-Slovene state border. Together with the numerous peculiarities that Resian has compared to Slovenian, this isolated situation has led to it becoming a microliterature language .
Resian as a written language
Religious texts appeared in Resian as early as the 19th century, and religious instruction in schools was also given in Resian at times. Especially since the second half of the 20th century there have also been publications of literary and poetic texts in the Resian language, e.g. B. Poems, folk songs and fairy tales. It was not until the 1990s that a uniform orthography and alphabet was introduced, made more difficult by the differences in the Resian dialects .
Peculiarities
A curiosity of this dialect are traces of the Vigesimal system , which it uses in contrast to the neighboring Slovenian and Friulian dialects from the number 60: 60 is trïkart dwisti (3 × 20), 70 is trïkart dwisti nu dësat (3 × 20 + 10), 80 is štirikrat dwisti (4 × 20) and 90 is štirikrat dwisti nu dësat (4 × 20 + 10).
Research on Resianic
Resianic was researched by Jan Ignacy Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay , among others , who in 1875 presented the dissertation attempt at phonetics of the Resian dialects (Russian: Опыт фонетики резьянских говоров).
Web links
- Entry on the Resian language in the Encyclopedia of the European East (PDF file; 149 kB)