Retrophyllum

Retrophyllum
Retrophyllum comptonii
Systematics
Department : Vascular plants (tracheophyta) Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina) Class : Coniferopsida Order : Conifers (Coniferales) Family : Stonecaceae (Podocarpaceae) Genre : Retrophyllum
Scientific name
Retrophyllum
CNPage

Retrophyllum is a genus of plants inthe stone slab family (Podocarpaceae). The six or so species occur in the southern hemisphere.

description

Branch with leaves of Retrophyllum rospigliosi

Retrophyllum minus

Retrophyllum rospigliosi

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Vegetative characteristics

Retrophyllum species grow as shrubs or trees . The leaves are not needle-shaped, but lanceolate as well as coarse and leathery.

Generative characteristics

Retrophyllum species are dioeciously separated sexes ( diocesan ). The seeds are surrounded by a seed coat ( arillus ).

Systematics and distribution

In 1988/9 Christopher Nigel Page divided five species from the previously heterogeneous ( polyphyletic ) genus Nageia Gaertn. and presented the new genus Retrophyllum in Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. , Volume 45, page 379. Type species is Retrophyllum vitiense (Seem.) CNPage

The genus Retrophyllum has many isolated habitats ( disjoint areas ) in the southern hemisphere . Two species each occur in New Caledonia , Melanesia and South America.

There are about six recent species in the genus Retrophyllum :

• Retrophyllum comptonii (J.Buchholz) CNPage (Syn .: Podocarpus comptonii J.Buchholz , Decussocarpus comptonii (J.Buchholz) de Laub. , Nageia comptonii (J.Buchholz) de Laub. ): It thrives at altitudes of 750 to 1450 meters only in New Caledonia.
• Retrophyllum filicifolium (NEGray) RRMill (Syn .: Podocarpus filicifolius N.E.Gray ): This new combination took place in 2016. She comes to the Moluccas , in New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago before.
• Retrophyllum minus (Carrière) CNPage (Syn .: Nageia minor Carr. , Podocarpus minor (Carr.) Parl. , Podocarpus palustris Buchholz , Decussocarpus minor (Carr.) De Laub. ): This endemic thrives at altitudes below 200 meters above alkaline Rocks in the southeastern part of New Caledonia .
• Retrophyllum piresii (Silba) CNPage (Syn .: Decussocarpus piresii Silba , Nageia piresii (Silba) de Laub. ): This endemic occurs only in the Serra Pacas Novos in the Brazilian state of Rondônia .
• Retrophyllum rospigliosii (. Pilg) CNPage (Syn .: Podocarpus rospigliosii pilgrims , Decussocarpus rospigliosii (Pilg) de Laub.. , Nageia rospigliosii (Pilg) de Laub.. ): It thrives in moist forests in the Andes in western Venezuela , eastern Colombia , Ecuador as well as central Peru .
• Retrophyllum vitiense (Seem.) CNPage (Syn .: Podocarpus vitiensis Seeman , Nageia vitiensis (Seem.) Kuntze , Decussocarpus vitiensis (Seem.) De Laub. ): It occurs only in the Solomon Islands : on the Santa Cruz Islands and Vanuatu (only on Banks Islands, in the province of Torba).

Paleobotany

Fossils of the genus were found with Retrophyllum oxyphyllum (Feng. & Parodi) Wilf from the early Eocene (about 52 million years ago) in Laguna del Hunco in southern Argentina . Retrophyllum fossils have also been found in sediments from the early Miocene (around 20 million years ago) in southern New Zealand .

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• Christopher J. Earle: Retrophyllum. In: The Gymnosperm Database. April 14, 2019, accessed April 4, 2019 . 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Robert R. Mill: A monographic revision of Retrophyllum (Podocarpaceae). In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 73, Issue 2, 2016, p. 171-261. doi : 10.1017 / S0960428616000081 full text online. (Correction was made in Robert R. Mill: A monographic revision of Retrophyllum (Podocarpaceae). In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 74, Issue 3, 2017, p. 375.)
2. ↑ Retrophyllum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed April 14, 2019.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Christopher J. Earle: Retrophyllum. In: The Gymnosperm Database. January 17, 2020, accessed on February 23, 2020 .  
4. ↑ Peter Wilf: Eocene "Chusquea" fossil from Patagonia is a conifer, not a bamboo In: Phytokeys , Volume 139, 2020, pp. 77-89.

Web links

Commons : Retrophyllum  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Retrophyllum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.