Robert Nussbaum

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Robert Nussbaum (born May 30, 1892 in Strasbourg ; † April 15, 1941 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp ) was a German doctor and benefactor .

Robert Nussbaum was born as the son of the Jewish professor of anatomy and biology Moritz Nussbaum and his wife Ida, b. Koppel, born in Alsace, Germany at that time . He was an uncle of the journalist Peter Scholl-Latour .

After graduating from high school, he joined the Infantry Regiment 132 in Strasbourg on April 1, 1914 as a one-year volunteer , with whom he went to the First World War . As early as August 1914, he received the Iron Cross 2nd class from Corps commander von Deimling personally due to bold patrol undertakings . In mid-1915 he was transferred as a junior physician to Infantry Regiment 143 off Ypres and stayed there until the beginning of the Battle of Verdun when he was wounded. On November 21, 1918, he was released from military service. As chief physician of the fortress hospital in Strasbourg, he continued to look after the wounded and sick in Alsace until the hospital was closed by the French military authorities and the Germans expelled.

Robert Nussbaum then studied medicine in Tübingen , in order to obtain a Dr. med. worked in the Esslingen hospital until 1922 , where he excelled in child care. After a short period in Düsseldorf , he became the first assistant doctor for infant and child protection in Dortmund . There he made himself available to the headquarters of the passive resistance during the occupation of the Ruhr , but had to leave the Ruhr area at the end of March 1923 because of imminent arrest.

Life in Minden

Since then, Nussbaum lived and worked as a city doctor in Minden . In particular, he took care of alcoholics and tuberculosis sufferers . Poor families he served not only medically, but stood them well did driven in every need to the side. On January 29, 1932, he was appointed for the period up to December 31, 1935 as a medical officer of the supply court. He was a member of the SPD and since his youth a member of the Wandervogels (treasurer in 1917) and the later Kronachbund .

After the " seizure of power " by the NSDAP , on August 31, 1933, because of his membership in the SPD, he was forbidden from exercising his mandate as a member of the Parents 'Council of Citizens' School II by a police order. On February 28, 1934, the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians of the Minden District informed him that as a " non-Aryan " doctor he could not take part in Sunday service, while on November 6, 1934 he was awarded the Cross of Honor for Frontline Fighters .

In February 1937 there was a dispute with two Minden doctor colleagues who had asked two restaurant owners to deny access to Nussbaum's patients. This quickly led to measures and a lawsuit by the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Germany (KVD) , against which Nussbaum lodged a complaint. The two doctors sued him for insult. In two trials in May and June 1937 it condemned the Minden Schöffengericht due to questionable evidence to fines, the defendant and the plaintiffs while calling men casting. In August 1937, the Large Criminal Chamber of the Bielefeld Regional Court rejected the appeal and sentenced the accused to a month's imprisonment . However, Nussbaum had already been arrested on July 14, 1937 and taken into " protective custody ". He was never released again. In a further court case for " racial disgrace " on the basis of statements by a mentally ill person, the Bielefeld criminal chamber sentenced him to a prison term of three years and three years of loss of honor with a ban on practicing as a doctor for a period of five years. On the other hand, Nussbaum and his defense immediately appealed to the Reichsgericht in Leipzig , which in fact overturned the judgment and referred the proceedings back to the Bielefeld Regional Court. There Nussbaum was again sentenced to three years in prison. To cover the various process costs, Nussbaum's entire property had to be sold.

At the urging of Robert Nussbaum's mother, Ida Nussbaum in Kassel , a pardon was drawn up and submitted on July 15, 1940 by Nussbaum's wife Dora (née Quirin, 1894–1944), with rejection on August 28, 1940. After serving the prison sentence on On February 14, 1941, Robert Nussbaum was taken back into police custody and sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp. His last letter to his family is dated April 13, 1941.

His widow continued to live very secluded in Minden and looked after herself and her son Heinrich (* 1924). The siblings Günter (* 1925) and Anneliese (* 1928) had already moved to England at the end of the 1930s. On March 3, 1943 , the Bielefeld Special Court sentenced Dora Nussbaum to one year in prison on the basis of a denunciation . She served the sentence from May 10, 1943 to May 16, 1944 and had to pay RM 546 for this stay . In the bombing raid on November 6, 1944, she was killed in her house at Steinstrasse 9 in Minden and buried in row graves with 107 other victims in the Minden North Cemetery.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Nussbaum, Robert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German medic
DATE OF BIRTH May 30, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Strasbourg
DATE OF DEATH April 15, 1941
Place of death Sachsenhausen concentration camp