Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada

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Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada
Fuero Viejo extendido de Alcalá de Henares (Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, 1235).

Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada or Rodericus Ximénez de Rada (* 1170 in Puente la Reina , † June 10, 1247 in Lyon ) was a Spanish cleric , general and historian , he was Archbishop of Toledo and Primate of Spain .

Live and act

Jiménez de Rada comes from a noble family from Navarre and was initially trained by his uncle Martín de la Finojosa, abbot of the Santa María de Huerta monastery and bishop of Sigüenza . He studied law and theology in Bologna and Paris and gained a profound education. Returned to Spain in 1208 he became Bishop of Osma , 1209 Archbishop of Toledo. As such, he had to defend the primacy of the Toledan bishopric against the claims of other cities such as Santiago de Compostela . He laid the foundation stone for the new Gothic building of the Toledo Cathedral .

From Toledo he influenced both Alfonso VIII and Ferdinand III. Government and worked, among other things, in the diplomatic preparations for the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 against the Almohads . He took part in the battle personally and reported it as a chronicler. In 1214 the king gave him the Castillo del Milagro and the land belonging to it. To these areas, Jimenez de Rada added the village of Villar de Pulgar in November .

In 1217 he received from Pope Honorius III. the order to organize the crusade of all Christian kingdoms against the Moors , and was appointed to the papal legate . In his campaigns against Cáceres (1217) and Requena (1218), however, he suffered defeats.

In 1231 he conquered as a vassal of Ferdinand III. of Castile with his troops Quesada and Cazorla in today's province of Jaén . After the conquest of Valencia by James I (1238), he claimed Toledo’s jurisdiction over the city.

Jiménez de Rada died in Lyon on returning from a visit to Pope Innocent IV.

Historiographical work

Beyond his work as a cleric and general, Jiménez de Rada was a historian. His best-known work is De rebus Hispaniae , also known as Cronicón de las cosas sucedidas en España , Historia gótica or Crónica del toledano , in which he writes or summarizes the history of the Iberian Peninsula up to 1243. He mentions the Battle of Clavijo there . He also wrote the Historia arabum , which stood out at the time due to its interest in the Arab-Islamic culture.

De rebus Hispaniae , which essentiallyfollowsthe Crónica najerense , became the first-rate source for the Chronicle of Estoria de España by Alfonso the Wise and later for research into the history of Spain .

Jiménez de Rada's fundamental merit resulted from the use of a critical method as a historian. He questioned sources, referred to Arabic sources, and compared them to his statements. This approach is priceless because at that time only Arabic historiography also covered economic and social issues.

Works

  • De Rebus Hispaniae
  • Hunnorum, Vandalorum et Silingorum Historia
  • Ostrogothorum Historia
  • Historia Romanorum
  • Historia Arabum

literature

  • José Ramón Castro Álava: Don Rodrigo Ximénez de Rada . Fondo de Publicaciones del Gobierno de Navarra, Pamplona, ​​1980.
  • Francisco Javier Pérez de Rada y Díaz Rubín and Marqués de Jaureguizar: El arzobispo don Rodrigo Giménez de Rada . Pérez de Rada, Javier ed. Madrid, 2002.
  • Alan D. Deyermond: Historia de la literatura española, vol. 1: La Edad Media . Ariel, Barcelona 2001 (1st edition 1973), pp. 152-153, ISBN 843448305X
  • Matthias Maser, The Historia Arabum of Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada. Arab Traditions and the Identity of Hispania in the 13th Century. Study - Translation - Commentary , Berlin 2007, ISBN 3-8258-8590-9 .
  • Lucy K. Pick: Conflict and Coexistence: Archbishop Rodrigo and the Muslims and Jews of Medieval Spain . University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor 2004, ISBN 0472113879
  • Javier Gorosterratzu: D. Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada. Gran estadista, escritor y prelado . Imprenta Vda. de T. Bescansa, Pamplona 1925
  • Juan Fernández Valerde (Ed.): Roderici Ximenii de Rada opera omnia Brepols, Turnhout 1992–1993
  • Xavier Adro: Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada. Estadista y artífice, siglo XIII . Casals, Barcelona 1989

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Digitized manuscript from the University of Seville: Jiménez de Rada, Rodrigo. Crónica de España por el Arzobispo de Toledo Don Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, traducida al castellano y continuada por Don Gonzalo de la Hinojosa, Obispo de Burgos, y después por un anónimo hasta 1430. Manuscrito. 14 ??. A 331/143
  2. ↑ Edition in contemporary Spanish: Historia de los hechos de España (translation and ed. By Juan Fernández Valverde), Madrid: Alianza, 1989
personal data
SURNAME Jiménez de Rada, Rodrigo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ximénez de Rada, Rodericus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish cleric, general and historian
DATE OF BIRTH 1170
PLACE OF BIRTH Puente la Reina
DATE OF DEATH June 10, 1247
Place of death Lyon