Rollett Museum

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Rollett Museum (until 1912 the town hall of Weikersdorf near Baden), seen from Elisabethstraße. 
Weikersdorfer Rathaus ( official building ), laying of the foundation stone, August 8, 1903.
Archduke Rainer on August 17, 1912 at the opening of the "Exhibition for Trade, Commerce, Industry (...)"; in the background: Weikersdorf administrative building

The Rollett Museum is a museum in Baden in Lower Austria, which contains the city archives of Baden on the one hand and the collection of the Badner regional court doctor Anton Rollett on the other .

Building history

After the laying of the foundation stone on August 8, 1903, the building known as the Rollett Museum was opened on April 6, 1905 as the town hall ( Amtshaus ) of the Weikersdorf community. After a competition judging 51 submissions, it was designed by the architect Rudolf Krausz (1872–1928) in the formal language of the German Renaissance and built by city architect Josef Schmidt (1847–1910). After the then independent community of Weikersdorf was incorporated near Baden in 1912, the building was initially inoperable.

In 1912, the use as a museum was started with an exhibition.

Mostly closed during the Second World War , from 1943 important stocks were relocated to Kaumberg for security reasons , where they ended up in a combat zone and suffered heavy losses or damage. After 1945, the house with the surrounding villas was part of a plank-bounded area of ​​the Soviet occupation forces.

In 1956 the completely devastated building was repaired for the first time, and on August 25, 1957, the municipal collections archive / Rollett Museum of the municipality of Baden was reopened.

From 1974 to 1991, community investments of around 15 million schillings (1.1 million euros) were made in favor of the Rollett Museum. In the mid-1990s, the building was renovated and modernized by the city of Baden while it was closed, and regular public operations were reintroduced on May 12, 1995.

Museum history

On August 17, 1912 by Archduke Rainer (1827-1913) under whose protectorate standing "exhibition for trade, commerce, industry, national food supply and viticulture of the area under the Vienna Woods" opened. The presentation area consisted of the magnificently designed Weikersdorfer Park (formerly: Hohenzollernplatz ) as well as the premises of the nearest former Weikersdorfer town hall, in which collective exhibitions of the individual cooperatives (tailors, shoemakers, historical memories of the guilds of the city archive) were housed.

Preparations were made for the use of the house as a museum in 1912. On June 28, 1914, in the presence of representatives from all Viennese and Lower Austrian museum offices, the building was opened as the Städtisches Rollett Museum - and on the same day it was closed again for twelve years in anticipation of the re-establishment of orderly conditions . The museum was not open to the public again until May 25, 1926.

The basis of the exposition goes back to the Baden wound and regional court doctor, natural scientist and writer Anton Rollett (1778–1842), who made his extensive private collection of zoological - botanical and ethnographic - art-historical content accessible to the public since 1810. After his death, the exhibits came into the possession of his family. During Rollett's lifetime, parts of the collection created by Johann Ferdinand Ritter von Schönfeld , consisting mainly of paintings, were added to the fund .

Redouten building (today: Theaterplatz 7) around 1900.

In 1867, the widow Josefa Rollett and the sons of spa doctor Dr. Karl and Dr. Hermann Rollett (from 1876 until his death in 1904, he himself was to work as custodian and city archivist at the museum) large parts of the municipality's collection to set up a museum for teaching and public purposes , with the condition that a respective museum for Everlasting times would have to bear the name Rollett Museum . As a result, the collection changed its location a few times. The collection moved from the Rollett Villa (Marchetstraße 37), which no longer exists today, to the former Augustinian monastery (Frauengasse) in 1869 and to the no longer used Redouten building on the site of today's Stadttheater. When that building was demolished in 1908, the museum moved to the former poor house of the Boldrinistiftung (corner of Antonsgasse / Boldrinigasse) until it found its current location between 1912 and 1914. It was with him that Dr. Hermann Rollett put together the archive from the town hall, which was taken over by order of the community committee and set up in 1876.

Exhibits

View into the skull collection of Dr. Gall

The Rollett Museum today includes exhibits on the history of the city, prehistory and early history, geology, mineralogy, botany and zoology. The Gall's skull collection is particularly famous; it was made available to him for his museum by Franz Joseph Gall (1758–1828), who moved from Vienna to Paris in 1820, to Anton Rollett, a follower of Gall's teachings.

In total, the collection consists of 119 busts, 78 skulls, 20 wax models and 25 masks, including a death mask and the only definitely real life mask of Napoleon I as well as death masks of his son, the Duke of Reichstadt . A plaster cast of Ferdinand Raimund's skull , who committed suicide in Pottenstein in 1836 , can also be found in the collection. It goes back to the museum's founder Anton Rollett, who, as the responsible district doctor, looked after the fatally injured Raimund in the last days of his life. There is also a bust collection of eight Africans in the museum, of which only the bust of Angelo Soliman can be clearly assigned.

In addition to the Rolletts collection, the museum houses various bequests from other Baden personalities, but also prehistoric excavations from Baden culture or various objects relating to local viticulture or the thermal baths.

Parts of the collection were on display in 2002 in the antique exhibition in the Papyrus Museum of the National Library in Vienna.

literature

  • Friedrich Schulz: The skull theory Dr. Gall's - and his remaining skull collection in the Municipal Rollett Museum in Baden near Vienna . Self-published, Vienna 1973, OBV .
  • Alfred Frühwald: The collections of the municipality of Baden - archive, Rollett Museum. Brief description of the establishment and development of the municipal Rollett Museum and the archive of the municipality of Baden from 1867 to 1990 . Neue Badener Blätter, Volume 2.1, ZDB -ID 2161928-1 . Society of Friends of Baden and Municipal Collections - Archive, Rollett Museum of the City of Baden, Baden 1990, OBV .
  • Viktor Wallner : From the headquarters to the congress casino. 50 years of bathing in data and images. 1945-1995. Neue Badener Blätter, Volume 6.1, ZDB -ID 2161928-1 . Publishing house of the Society of Friends of Baden and the Municipal Collections, Baden 1993, OBV .
  • Julius Böheimer: Streets and alleys in Baden near Vienna. Lexicon of streets, alleys, squares, paths, walkways, bridges. Grasl, Baden 1997, ISBN 3-85098-236-X .
  • Monika Firla: The African busts in the Rollettmuseum Baden near Vienna - an Austrian-Baden-Württemberg collection . Linden Museum, Stuttgart 1999, OBV .
  • Viktor Wallner: Houses, people and stories - a Baden anecdotal walk. Society of Friends of Baden, Baden 2002, OBV .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Local news. (…) The inauguration of the Weikersdorfer town hall .. In:  Badener Zeitung , April 5, 1905, p. 3, middle. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  2. ^ Rudolf Krausz. In: Architects Lexicon Vienna 1770–1945. Published by the Architekturzentrum Wien . Vienna 2007.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Wallner: Häuser , p. 175.
  4. ^ Wallner: Von der Kommandantur , p. 22.
  5. ^ Wallner: Häuser , p. 176.
  6. ^ Exhibition for trade, commerce, industry, folk nutrition and viticulture in the district under the Vienna Woods. In:  Badener Zeitung , August 21, 1912, p. 2, center right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  7. ^ Wallner: Häuser , p. 174.
  8. ^ The Sleeping Beauty of Baden. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 4, 1924, p. 2, top center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  9. ↑ a b c 60th anniversary of the Rollett Museum .. In:  Badener Zeitung , June 1, 1927, p. 3, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  10. ^ Library of the collections of the municipality of Baden - Archive and Rollett Museum , accessed on March 26, 2009.
  11. ↑ The main thing: a mummy in the living room. Egypt, Cyprus, Greco-Roman antiquity and the passion for collecting in the 19th century. Antiquities from the Rollett Museum in Baden . In: Newsletter . Issue 2002,3. Austrian National Library, Vienna 2002, ZDB -ID 2109536-X , p. 6. - Online (PDF; 585 kB) ( Memento of the original from November 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed October 8, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.onb.ac.at
  12. ↑ Rudolf Maurer: The main thing: a mummy in the living room. Egypt, Cyprus, Greco-Roman antiquity and the passion for collecting in the 19th century. Catalog of the antiquities of the Rollett Museum in Baden . Nilus, Volume 5, ZDB -ID 2246853-5 . Phoibos-Verlag, Vienna 2002, ISBN 978-3-901232-32-9 .

Remarks

  1. ↑ The town hall clock was donated by the local women . - See: Local News. (...) Inauguration of the town hall in Weikersdorf .. In:  Badener Zeitung , April 8, 1905, p. 3, center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  2. ↑ On the vertical axis of the picture (with a mustache ): Josef Trenner (1861–1923), Weichsel pipe manufacturer , Mayor of Weikersdorf, March 28, 1903 to March 1, 1912.
    Second honorary from the right: City Architect Josef Schmidt.
    In: Julius Böheimer: Straßen & Gassen , p. 114 and 107.
  3. ↑ From 1870 to 1905 the Weikersdorfer municipal administration had its seat in Helenenstrasse 4, which later became the Helenenschule . - In: Wallner: Häuser , p. 121.
  4. ↑ Jurors: Senior building officer Alexander von Wielemans and Professor Max von Ferstel . - See: Local News. (...) Awards for the designs of the Weikersdorf Office. In:  Badener Zeitung , May 6, 1903, p. 4, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ). Of prizes were awarded 350 and 250 crowns for the first and second place. - See: Local News. (...) A new office building for Weikersdorf .. In:  Badener Zeitung , February 18, 1903, p. 4, top right. (Online at ANNO ). .Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt
    Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt
  5. ↑ Josef Schmidt, the older brother of Franz Xaver Schmidt ( entry architectural dictionary ), was archduke Rainer's chamber builder . Known by Schmidt constructed building: hospital Alland , Hilde Wagener -Home, Baden. - In: Julius Böheimer: Straßen & Gassen , p. 107.
  6. ↑ According to the implementation plan, there were: arrests, guard rooms, utility rooms
    in the basement ; in the mezzanine floor living rooms, offices etc .; on the first floor two meeting rooms, the room for the mayor, offices etc .; the staircase in the tower. - See: (…) Exhibition of drafts for the building (…). In:  Badener Zeitung , May 13, 1903, p. 3, center right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  7. ^ As suggested by Government Councilor Dr. Emil Rollett , grandson of the beneficiary and brother of Alexander Rollett , executed at the opening of the house at the end of June 1914, Dr. Karl Rollett, in order to prevent the treasures collected by Anton Rollett from scattering, bought individual inheritance parts and, with the consent of his widow, brother and sister, handed them over to the city of Baden. Emil Rollett himself took the ceremony as an opportunity to donate 15,000 crowns to the continued existence of the museum . - See: Local News. Reopening of the city's Rollett Museum. In:  Badener Zeitung , July 1, 1914, p. 2, top center. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  8. ↑ At the end of April 1903 ten of the existing 108 artefacts in Gall's skull and bust collection were badly damaged by the carelessness of a worker who was supposed to break out a wall , but could be completely restored immediately. - See: Damage in the Baden museum. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, No. 13897/1903, May 5, 1903, p. 9, center left (online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfpand Small Chronicle. (...) Gall's busts in the Baden Museum. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, No. 13920/1903, May 28, 1903, p. 7, center right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp. At the beginning of December 1905, Gall's collection, which had previously been left open in the dark room, was housed in a well-lit glass case. - See: Reorganization of the Rollett Museum. In:  Badener Zeitung , No. 89/1905, December 9, 1905, p. 5 middle. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / bzt.
  9. ↑ among others by the sculptor Josef Müllner (1879–1968), creator of the Lueger monument in Vienna, rector of the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna (1927–1929). - In: Walter Perko: The academic sculptor Josef Müllner (1879–1968) . Catalog sheets of the Rollettmuseum Baden, Volume 16, ZDB -ID 2101396-2 . Rollettmuseum, Baden 1998, ISBN 3-901951-16-4 .

Web links

Commons : Rollettmuseum  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 0 ′ 11 ″  N , 16 ° 13 ′ 32 ″  E