Rainer of Austria (1827-1913)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Archduke Rainer, lithograph by Eduard Kaiser , 1860

Archduke Rainer Ferdinand Maria Johann Evangelist Franz Ignaz of Austria (born January 11, 1827 in Milan , † January 27, 1913 in Vienna ) was a popular member of the imperial family , promoter of art and science and commander in chief of the kk Landwehr (the cisleithan territorial defense ).

life and work

Your k. and. k. Your Highnesses Archduke Rainer, Archduchess Marie, Archduke Karl Stephan and his daughters Archduchesses Eleonora and Renata in the Villa Quisiana in Abbazia in Istria
From the magazine " Sport & Salon ", Vienna, April 4, 1908
Villa Rainer in Baden

The son of Archduke Rainer Joseph Johann , the viceroy of Lombardy and younger brother of Emperor Franz I , was appointed head of the appointed Reichsrat by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1857 . From 1861 to 1865, as nominal prime minister, he was head of the liberal cabinet of Anton von Schmerling and from 1872 to 1906 he acted as commander-in-chief of the kk Landwehr , which he built up into a militarily equivalent armed force alongside the joint army . In 1874 he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister .

Rainer promoted art and science. Among other things, he was president of the Vienna World Exhibition in 1873 , curator of the Academy of Sciences and protector of the Austrian Museum for Art and Industry . In 1884 he acquired a papyrus collection found in Fayum and donated it to the Imperial and Royal Court Library (today the Austrian National Library ) in 1899 . This Papyrus Collection Erzherzog Rainer is now a UNESCO World Documentary Heritage.

Since February 21, 1852, Rainer was married to his cousin Archduchess Marie Karoline (1825–1915), the daughter of Archduke Charles , the 1809 victor of Aspern . The two were the most popular members of the imperial family for decades because of their frequent public presence and numerous charitable activities. The marriage of Rainer and Marie Karoline was very happy. The celebration of their diamond wedding in 1912 was later assessed as the last major event of the defunct Danube monarchy. Since Rainer and Marie Karoline had no children of their own, but were very child-friendly, they took care of the needs of children and young people, including those in the Habsburg family.

From 1852 on, Rainer was the owner of the k. (U.) K. Infantry Regiment No. 59 . After his death, this Salzburg house regiment (IR 59) was given the name "Archduke Rainer" "for ever and ever". The Rainer barracks in Elsbethen was the location of the armed forces until 2012 and was bought by Red Bull GmbH in October 2012 . There is also a Rainerstraße in Salzburg , which is reminiscent of the Archduke's regiment. Hans Schmid wrote the Rainer March in honor of this regiment . His tradition is continued today by the Salzburg - Archduke Rainer Jäger Battalion of the Austrian Armed Forces. Since 1999 there has been a Rainer music in Salzburg again (traditional music band of the kuk IR "Archduke Rainer" No. 59). It is dedicated to maintaining the musical tradition of the former Austro-Hungarian military bands.

In 1854 the Archduke bought the palace in the 4th district, later known as the Archduke Rainer Palais , where he lived with his wife until his death. A lane bounding the area in the south and extending into the 5th district, which was separated off in 1861, was named Rainergasse in 1862 (Palais at No. 18), in the east the area was at Schönburgstrasse 1, in the north-west Wiedner Hauptstrasse 63. The palace was built after the war - and occupation damage in 1957/1958 removed by Semperit AG. A four-star hotel located a little further into town on No. 27-29 on Wiedner Hauptstrasse has been called Hotel Erzherzog Rainer since 1912 with the consent of the Archduke .

In 1873 the villa of Gustav von Epstein in Baden passed into the possession of the Archduke, because Epstein speculated; the property was up for sale in 2018. The architect of the villa was Otto Wagner . The Archduke spent most of the summers with his wife in Baden.

In 1895 Archduke Rainer inherited her property on the Gallitzinberg from Princess Wilhelmine von Montléart and had Wilhelminenberg Castle built there from 1903 .

After his death in 1913, Archduke Rainer was buried in the Vienna Imperial Crypt.

literature

Web links

Commons : Rainer von Österreich  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rainer Ferdinand. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 8, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-7001-0187-2 , p. 395.
  2. ^ Official part. In:  Wiener Zeitung , February 20, 1852, p. 1 (online at ANNO ). “… The ceremony itself will take place on the 21st of that evening at 7 o'clock in the k. Hofburg Parish Church ".Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrz
  3. ↑ www.rainermarsch.at
  4. ↑ (Militia) Jäger Battalion Salzburg "Archduke Rainer"
  5. ↑ [1]
  6. ^ Announcement on the ORF website from February 6, 2018
  7. ^ The Rainer Villa in Baden near Vienna, accessed on December 5, 2011
personal data
SURNAME Rainer of Austria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rainer Ferdinand Maria Johann Evangelist Franz Ignaz of Austria
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian archduke, general, art patron and collector
DATE OF BIRTH January 11, 1827
PLACE OF BIRTH Milan
DATE OF DEATH January 27, 1913
Place of death Vienna