Rudolf Jacob Camerarius
Rudolf Jacob Camerarius , also Camerer (born February 12, 1665 in Tübingen ; † September 11, 1721 ibid) was a German botanist and physician.
Life
His parents were the physician Elias Rudolf Camerarius and Regina Barbara (1643–1697). His brother Elias Camerarius was also a professor of medicine in Tübingen (and a geologist and paleontologist).
Camerarius initially studied at the University of Tübingen , where he received his doctorate under Georg Balthasar Metzger . Already in his dissertation he recognized the importance of the experiment in botany. He then went on study trips to Holland , England and France , where he met Denis Papin and Robert Boyle, among others . In 1688 he was appointed director of the botanical garden as the successor to his teacher Metzger, in 1689 as professor of physics (natural science) and in 1695 as full professor of medicine at the University of Tübingen.
Camerarius made cross-breeding attempts with plants and in 1694 proved for the first time the bisexual reproduction of these groups of organisms. He founded the so-called sex theory. He was often the first to recognize the different genitals of plants in dioceses . Carl von Linné praised the fact that he used the flower to systematize plants. His doctrine of fertilization was long forgotten, especially since he did not follow any orthodox doctrine and also admitted errors in his experiments without giving explanations for them.
In 1689 he married Christina Magdalena Crafft (1670–1727), the daughter of the theologian Johannes Crafft (1618–1695), who, after the Duchy of Württemberg took over the Alpirsbach monastery as prelate, took over the legal successor to the Catholic abbot. The medic Alexander Camerarius was his son.
On February 20, 1688 ( matriculation number 157 ), Camerarius was admitted to the Leopoldina with the nickname Hector II .
Fonts
- About the sex of plants (De sexu plantarum epistola) (1694), Ostwald's Classic of Exact Sciences 105, Leipzig 1899
literature
- August Hirsch , Adolf Engler : Camerarius, Rudolf Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 726 f.
- Hermann goat bacon : Camerarius, Rudolph Jakob. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 107 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Eberhard Emil von Georgii-Georgenau : Biographical-genealogical sheets from and about Swabia. Emil Müller, Stuttgart 1879, pp. 110-114
Web links
- Literature by and about Rudolf Jacob Camerarius in the catalog of the German National Library
- Member entry of Rudolph Jacob Camerarius at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on March 25, 2016.
Individual evidence
- ^ Karl Mägdefrau: History of Botany . Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1973, pp. 108-110.
- ^ Johann Daniel Ferdinand Neigebaur : History of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the second century of its existence. Friedrich Frommann , Jena 1860, p. 197 (archive.org) }
- ^ Willi Ule : History of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the years 1852–1887 . With a look back at the earlier times of its existence. Commissioned by Wilhelm Engelmann in Leipzig, Halle 1889, supplements and additions to Neigebaur's history, p. 151 ( archive.org ).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Camerarius, Rudolf Jacob |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Camerer, Cammerer |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German botanist and physician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 12, 1665 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tübingen |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 11, 1721 |
| Place of death | Tübingen |