Brawn (mountains)
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brawn
City of Bergen
Coordinates: 52 ° 46 ′ 7 ″ N , 10 ° 2 ′ 10 ″ E
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| Height : | 50 (50-66) m |
| Residents : | 1656 |
| Incorporation : | 1st January 1973 |
| Postal code : | 29303 |
| Area code : | 05054 |
Sülze is a town in the district of Celle in the Lüneburg Heath, part of the Lower Saxon town of Bergen .
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geography
Sülze is located on the edge of the Südheide nature park approx. 17 km north of Celle on the 240 national road leading from Celle to Hermannsburg . The village is divided into the districts of Sülze, Waldhof and Twießelhop.
history
The origin of the village of Sülze cannot be precisely dated. However, it can be assumed that Sülze originally consisted of a single farmstead, a saddle farm , and that the settlement emerged after the Sülzer salt works went into operation in the 14th century.
There is evidence that the Sattelhof has been owned by the Rabe family since 1390. It is believed that the von Spörcken family lived on the farm before the ravens, as the saddle farm is often referred to in documents as the “Spörcken saddle farm”. The court was eligible for state parliament, that is, associated with ownership was the right to a seat and vote in the knighthood of the Principality of Lüneburg and thus the right to elect members for the Lüneburg state parliaments . It was one of the few manors in the Lüneburg area that was owned by a non-noble family.
In 1354 the settlement "Op dem Solte" (Auf dem Salze) was first mentioned in a document. In registers from the years 1381 and 1382, taxes from local Kötnerhöfe are listed as well as the collection of a pan interest, which is the first documentary mention of the Sülz salt works.
In 1475, the first chapel was built in Sülze, which initially belonged to the municipality in Bergen. After a donation in 1502, a separate pastor's office was set up and Sülze became an independent parish and center of the Sülze parish .
The salt production in the saline was decisive for this place for centuries. The inhabitants secured their livelihood as boilers, salt drivers (Sölter) or craftsmen. The actual place name comes from these salt drivers, which in Low German was ground to "sult". This became standard German Sülze.
The 19th century was marked on the one hand by the closure of the Sülzer salt works in 1862 and on the other hand by extensive agricultural reforms . The general division carried out at the beginning of the 19th century, through which the villages were given fixed borders and each piece of land belonged to a municipality, were fundamental for the further reforms . The extent of the areas allocated to the individual villages was based on the grazing rights used in the past. Since Sülze was economically shaped primarily by the saltworks and agriculture only played a subordinate role, almost 800 hours were awarded. This was followed by the common divisions between 1838 and 1858 . The common land , d. H. The previously communally used areas have now been transferred to the individual courtyards as free ownership, depending on the respective existing rights of use to the common land. On the basis of the Redemption Ordinance for the Kingdom of Hanover from 1833, the obligations to the manorial authority on the farms were redeemed . The farms assigned according to the so-called Meierrecht were previously obliged to provide numerous services and monetary payments, which were now canceled against payment of a sum that corresponded to 25 times the previous annual obligation and the farms were thus passed into the possession of the farmers as free property.
On January 1, 1973 Sülze was incorporated into the city of Bergen.
Population development
The following table shows the population development of Sülze. It should be noted that the sudden increase in the number of residents after the Second World War is mainly due to the influx of displaced persons.
| year | Residents | year | Residents | year | Residents | ||
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| 1820 | 328 | 1950 | 1391 | 1970 | 1480 | ||
| 1848 | 433 | 1961 | 1327 | 2000 | 1656 | ||
| 1939 | 859 | 1967 | 1508 | 2019 | 1812 |
religion
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The majority of the people from Sülz belong to the Evangelical Lutheran parish of the Fabian and Sebastian Church . The parish in Bergen is responsible for the Catholic residents, and since the arrival of Kurdish families in the 1980s there has been a notable minority of Yazidis in Sülze.
politics
Since the 14th century, the lower administrative and judicial instance has been the Amtsvogtey Bergen, which was presided over by a ducal bailiff . Since the 15th century, the administrative office in Sülze, which was responsible for the parish of Sülze, was subordinate to it. The concerns exclusively relating to the village of Sülze were taken care of by the Realgemeinde , d. H. the owners of the farms entitled to the commons , advise and decide. The political reforms of the 19th century brought a fundamental change, as a result of which the political community Sülze was formed. The co-determination of village affairs was no longer dependent on the ownership structure; every male villager over 25 years of age now had the right to vote. Since its incorporation as part of the Lower Saxony district and administrative reform in 1973 aspic is a locality of the city of Bergen . Sülze is represented by the local council and the local mayor. The local council has u. a. Decision-making authority for the public institutions in the village, is responsible for promoting the maintenance of the townscape and club life and must be heard by the city of Bergen on all matters relating to the town. It consists of five elected representatives, the members of the Bergen municipal council from Sülze and the mayor of the city of Bergen.
The local council elects the local mayor , the incumbent is Michael Buhr (CDU).
coat of arms
Blazon : “Divided, above in gold a growing red armored blue lion, a heart between the paws; below a golden ear of wheat in blue, covered by two crossed silver salt hooks. "
Culture and sights
- The Africa Museum is located in the old town hall of the former municipality . The collection goes back to the Sülz teacher Harry Lotze, who was looking for illustrative material for his geography school lessons in the 1920s . In the museum, African art and cultural objects , ethnological objects and hunting trophies , plant and animal preparations are shown.
- In August 2012, the new two-story half - timbered house of the Saline Museum was opened in the center of the village . A film about salt production is shown here and there are also display boards explaining the former salt production. The newly designed outdoor area uses models to show what the buildings looked like at the time.
language
Sülze belongs to the Low German language area and to the North Low Saxon-Low German dialect group. Since the end of the Second World War , however, the High German language has largely prevailed and replaced the Low German. Low German still plays an important role as a colloquial language, especially among the older villagers.
Architectural monuments
See also the list of architectural monuments in Sülze
Economy and Infrastructure
Sülze is located on Landesstraße 240 running from Celle to Hermannsburg. Until 1975, Sülze was a station on the small railway line of the Celle – Soltau railway , which connected the town with Bergen and, after a line was expanded, in later years also with Hermannsburg and Celle (see also Kleinbahn Celle -Soltau, Celle-Munster ). Buses on the “ Faßberg / Hermannsburg - Sülze - Celle ” line operated by CeBus GmbH & Co. KG stop in Sülze several times a day and connect the town with the surrounding villages.
Personalities
- Georgette Dee (born September 9, 1958) - German singer and actor
- Hermann Ehlers ( October 1, 1904 , † October 29, 1954 ), German politician, President of the German Bundestag until his death
- Reimund Helms (1954–2005), politician
literature
- Horst Gädcke: Eversen. An old village in the Celler Land , 1994. ISBN 3-930374-02-1
- Wilhelm Helms - Aspic. Contributions to the history of the village, the church and the saltworks , 2005
- August Theiss - The history of the Saline zu Sülze 1979
- Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter Volume 5, page 394
- Heinz Libertus - Stories about Sülze, Celle district, in the Lüneburg Heath 2012
- Heinz Libertus - Sülzer Village History 2014
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Daniel Taube . The salt works for aspic. In: Contributions to the natural history of the Duchy of Cell. JD Schulze, Volume I, Cell 1766 (digitized version) . Pp. 61-76.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 224 .
- ↑ The numbers refer to Sülze including the district of Waldhof.
- ↑ Information on the Lower Saxony municipal constitution
- ^ Line network of the CeBus Celle
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