Salzgau (Ostfalen)

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Salzgau
Ostfalen around the year 1000
Derlingau
Ostfalen around the year 1000

The Salzgau (also known as Salthga , Saltga or Saltgo ) was a Saxon district and part of the Saxon province of Ostfalen in what is now Lower Saxony .

Location and scope

The Salzgau bordered the Ambergau in the west, the Astfalengau in the north, the Leragau in the northeast, the Harzgau (Hartingau) in the southeast and the Densigau ( Bann Haringen ) in the south .

The meeting place was in Ringelheim , probably at the place where the Johanniskirche was later built. Field names like "King Chair" and "Koenigsstuhl morning" to point out that there was another Malstätte of Salzgaus near the salt springs. This site was on the border between Ringelheim and the then Salzgitter , south of it was the Galgenberg (later Galberg shaft ), the place of execution of the Gau.

The Salzgau essentially comprised the later Banne or archdeaconate Ringelheim and Grid am Berge. The Ringelheim ban included:

The ban grid included:

history

The Salzgau ( Saltgo ) on a map of the district division of the Hildesheim Monastery around the year 1000.

The Salzgau probably emerged from parts of the older Ambergau or the Astfalengau. The main town in the district was Ringelheim.

The Salzgau derives its name from the salt springs in the area of ​​today's old town of Salzgitter-Bad. During excavations, boiling residues were found here, according to which salt was extracted as early as 600. The region got its name from this salt spring and around 800 the Saltgha appeared in the Franconian Gau constitution.

The Komitatrechte (comitatus = District of Gaugrafen ) were initially owned by the immedinger (Graf Immat had 941 the monastery Ringelsheim donated), since the middle of the 10th century in the brunonids . Henry III. transferred in 1051 the rights to the Salzgau ("pagus Saltgo") and six other districts to the Bishop Azelin of Hildesheim . This foundation was confirmed in a document from Henry IV in 1057. After Lothar III. The counties had rearranged in 1125, the Salzgau fell to the Lords of Wöltingerode . They sold their "comica ad Soltga" back to the Bishop of Hildesheim in 1275. In 1384 the ownership of the bishop in Salzgau was confirmed again by the king.

At the beginning of the 14th century, the Salzgau was divided into a southern part, which belonged to Liebenburg (built in 1292) and a northern part, which belonged to Wohldenberg Castle (built 1153–1160). Both initially used the same court; As recently as 1313, it was said that the bailiffs of Liebenburg and Wohldenberg were jointly ruling here (“De voget to der Levenborch vnde de voget to Woldenberch scolent sitten sitten dat judge vnde dat godinch to Ringelem” ( Adolf Lüntzel : Diöcese Hildesheim, p. 166 )). When the Liebenburg was named as the seat of the court in 1392, the division of the Salzgau had already been completed.

literature

  • Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling, Renate Vanis, Christine Kellner-Depner, Walter Wimmer, Dirk Schaper: Ringelheim . Ed .: Archives of the City of Salzgitter - Editing: Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling, Gabriele Sagroske, Bettina Walter and Sigrid Lux ​​(=  contributions to the city's history . Volume 29 ). Salzgitter 2015, The balance of power in the northern foothills of the Harz region from the Roman Empire to the 10th century, p. 42-46 .
  • O. Kiecker, C. Borchers (ed.): Art monuments of the province of Hanover . Issue 7: District of Goslar. Self-published by the provincial administration, Hanover 1937, p. 139-141 .
  • Hermann Adolf Lüntzel : The older diocese of Hildesheim . tape 1 . Hildesheim 1837, p. 164–167 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  • Heinz Kolbe, Wolfram Forche and Max Humburg: the history of the saltworks salt-love hall and the old salt town . In: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter (Ed.): Contributions to the city history . tape 1 . Salzgitter 1988, p. 20 and 40-41 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lüntzel: Diöcese Hildesheim , pp. 165–166
  2. ↑ Chronik Ringelheim , p. 46
  3. ↑ Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area . Self-published by the Braunschweigischer Geschichtsverein, Braunschweig 1970, DNB  458674877 , p. 239 (At the same time: Diss. University of Göttingen, 1968).
  4. ↑ Lüntzel: Diöcese Hildesheim , pp. 246–248 and 253–254
  5. ^ Art monuments of the Province of Hanover , p. 199
  6. ^ Lüntzel: Diöcese Hildesheim, p. 495
  7. ↑ Kolbe: Saline Salzliebenhalle , p. 20
  8. ^ Kolbe: Saline Salzliebenhalle , p. 177
  9. ↑ Chronicle Ringelheim , p. 42
  10. ^ Archives of the city of Salzgitter and the village community grid (ed.): Grid - Twelve centuries of history . 1996, p. 26 .
  11. ^ Lüntzel: Diöcese Hildesheim , p. 166
  12. ^ Art monuments of the Province of Hanover , p. 166