St. John's Church (Meldorf)

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Meldorfer Dom
Interior view of the Meldorfer Dom

The St. Johannis Church in Meldorf , often referred to as Meldorfer Dom , is a church in Dithmarschen on the west coast of Schleswig-Holstein .

history

The first cathedral building was built between 810 and 826. Before that, Dithmarschen had fallen to Charlemagne in the aftermath of the battle on the Sventana field in 798 , who drove forward Christianization in the area. Erected on a tongue of geest , the church and the coastline at that time stood directly on the North Sea . After the churches in Hamburg , Heiligenstedten and Schenefeld , it was the fourth church in the North Elbe region.

altar

In Adam von Bremen's “Bishop's History of the Hamburg Church” she appears as Primi ad oceanum sunt Tedmarsgoi, et eorum ecclesia mater in Melindorp , that is, as the mother church of Dietmargau, that is, Dithmarschens. It was the only church in the area until the 11th century. Since 1140 it belonged to the Hamburg cathedral chapter, to which the parish was later incorporated. In the same year, the daughter churches, the so-called "Urkirchspiele" Tellingstedt , Süderhastedt , Weddingstedt in the Geest, Lunden , Büsum and Uthaven (probably Brunsbüttel ) were mentioned for the first time . In a list of the parish churches of the Hamburg cathedral chapter from 1334, it is the parish of Dithmarschen rated the highest at 90 marks, and the second highest in the provost register of 1540 with 40 schillings after Wesselburen (60 schillings).

The current building was built between 1250 and 1300, when Dithmarschen de facto gained its independence. During the time of the Dithmarschen peasant republic , the cathedral served as a meeting place for the independent parishes , where political decisions for the whole of Dithmarschen were made. The dignitaries met here for arbitration, military rallies, worship and negotiating political contracts. In 1524, the Reformation began its triumphal march in Dithmarschen from Meldorf .

Today it is the seat of the Dithmarschen church district .

building

Vault fresco

Today's church building was built in the 13th century as a representative building in the brick Gothic style . It is a three-aisled basilica with a transept and choir . After a fire in 1866, the tower was rebuilt to its current height of 59 meters. On the outside, the building corresponds to a neo-Gothic building from the 19th century, inside it is still Gothic in the style of the construction period. Are preserved vaulted frescoes with biblical motifs and images of saints from the 13th century, which in its grandeur and an impressive amount of evidence of the wealth of Dithmarschen peasant republic offer. The bronze baptismal font dates from around 1300, the passion altar was created in 1520, the pulpit and the choir grille , which form a unit, were created between 1601 and 1603.

The church is currently undergoing major renovations. In 2009 the vault, crossing and organ were repaired.

organ

The organ of the Sankt-Johannis-Kirche was built in 1977/2010 by the organ building company Marcussen & Søn (Aabenraa, Denmark) with 43 stops on three manuals and a pedal .

I Swell C – g 3
1. Reed flute 8th'
2. Pointed Gamba 8th'
3. Beat 8th'
4th Principal 4 ′
5. Gemshorn 4 ′
6th Nasat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
7th Forest flute 2 ′
8th. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
9. Sif flute 1'
10. Mixture IV
11. Dulcian 16 ′
12. oboe 8th'
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
13. Gedacktpommer 16 ′
14th Principal 8th'
15th Pointed flute 8th'
16. octave 4 ′
17th Reed flute 4 ′
18th Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
19th octave 2 ′
20th Mixture V-VI
21st Zimbel III
22nd Trumpet 8th'
23. Chip. Trumpet 8th'
III Breastwork C – g 3
24. Dumped 8th'
25th Quintatön 8th'
26th Coupling flute 4 ′
27. Principal 2 ′
28. Pointed fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
29 Sequialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
30th Scharff III-IV
31. Krummhorn 8th'
Tremulant
Zimbelstern
Pedal C – d 1
32. Principal 16 ′
33. Sub bass 16 ′
34. octave 8th'
35. Dumped 8th'
36. octave 4 ′
37. Night horn 2 ′
38. Back set IV
39. trombone 16 ′
40. bassoon 16 ′
41. Trumpet 8th'
42. Trumpet 4 ′
43. Pedestal 32 ′ (2010)

Electronic setting system with 3840 combinations.

Pastors

  • Johannes Clüver (1593–1633), deacon from 1614 to 1621 and provost from 1630 to 1633
  • Ernst Mohr (1895–1974), provost from 1949 to 1961

Cantors

  • LKMD Dr. Peter Mohr (1950–1986)
  • Paul Nancekievill (1986-2018)
  • Anne Michael (since 2018)

literature

  • Heiko KL Schulze (ed.): The Meldorfer Dom . Westholsteinische Verlagsanstalt Boyens & Co., Heide 1992, ISBN 3-8042-0605-0 .
  • Ingelies Kucharzewski: The vault paintings in the church in Meldorf, Dithmarschen and their sources (=  European university publications : series 28, art history . Volume 270 ). Lang, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1996, ISBN 3-631-50009-2 (dissertation at the University of Kiel, 1993).

Web links

Commons : St. Johannis (Meldorf)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Enno Bünz : “Between parish and cathedral chapter. The lower clergy in the late medieval Dithmarschen. ”In: Enno Bünz and Klaus-Joachim Lorenzen-Schmidt (eds.): Clergy, church and piety in late medieval Schleswig-Holstein. Pp. 239-271
  2. ↑ To the Marcussen organ


Coordinates: 54 ° 5 ′ 26 ″  N , 9 ° 4 ′ 18 ″  E