Sarmingbach

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Sarmingbach
Data
location District of Perg , Mühlviertel , Upper Austria
River system Danube
Drain over Danube  → Black Sea
source St. Georgen am Walde parish
48 ° 23 ′ 25 ″  N , 14 ° 57 ′ 29 ″  E
Source height 850  m above sea level A.
muzzle near Sarmingstein (Gem. St. Nikola ) in the Danube Coordinates: 48 ° 13 ′ 51 ″  N , 14 ° 56 ′ 28 ″  E 48 ° 13 ′ 51 ″  N , 14 ° 56 ′ 28 ″  E
Mouth height 230  m above sea level A.
Height difference 620 m
Bottom slope 28 ‰
length 22.4 km
Catchment area 55.3 km²
Communities St. Georgen am Walde , Dimbach , Waldhausen im Strudengau , St. Nikola an der Donau

The Sarmingbach (also Sarmingerbach) is a small left tributary of the Danube in Upper Austria in the district of Perg im Strudengau .

course

Sarmingbach in Sarmingstein

The Sarmingbach rises at an altitude of 850  m above sea level. A. near the border to Bärnkopf in the municipality of St. Georgen am Walde . The stream has a length of 22.43 kilometers and a total catchment area of ​​55.3 square kilometers. It flows into Sarmingstein in the municipality of St. Nikola on the Danube at an altitude of 230  m above sea level. A. at river kilometer 2072,400 in the Danube.

In St. Georgen am Walde, the Sarmingbach forms, from its origin until shortly before the confluence of the Mühlbach, the municipal boundary to Bärnkopf and Dorfstetten as well as the state border to Lower Austria , before it flows along the eastern edge of the municipality from Dimbach to Waldhausen.

Shortly before Waldhausen, the Sarmingbach flows through the so-called Wolfsschlucht, is then dammed in Waldhausen together with the Sagauerbach and used as a bathing lake . The stream crosses the local area of ​​Waldhausen and flows through the so-called Höhlgraben towards Sarmingstein, where it briefly forms the border between the communities of Waldhausen and St. Nikola.

Before the Sarmingbach flows into the Danube at Sarmingstein, it is crossed by the Donauuferbahn and the Donau Straße .

history

The name Sarmingbach has etymologically Slavic roots and comes from žaba 'Frosch' ('Froschbach'). The Sarmingbach was mentioned in a document as early as 998 ( inter fluviis Ispera et Sabinicha 'between Ysper and Sarming'). In 1037 the noble Engildeo donated part of his estates located between the Naarn and the Sarmingbach to the Bishop of Passau .

In the 11th century, the Lords of Perg built a castle in Sabnicha am Sarmingbach with a view of that section of the river, which the monk Arnold von Sankt Emmeram called a "Pogica Caribdis" (a pogic sea monster) in 1030, "ubi esse videtur mortis hospitum" ( where death appears to be the inn). From the castle on the Sarmingstein there was a line of sight to the castles Freyenstein , Hausstein, Werfenstein (Werfel, Wirbel) and Wörth , Grein and Clam .

Due to the foundation by Otto von Machland, the castle was the first settlement of the Augustinian canons , who worked there from 1147 to 1161. The deed of foundation was issued on May 16, 1147. The monastery was later moved to Waldhausen .

The Sarmingbach formed the eastern border of the Riedmark until 1147 .

nature

The Sarmingbach flows through three of the Upper Austrian spatial units formed according to geological and geomorphological aspects. The source is located in the Freiwald and Weinsberger Wald spatial units , the creek, which mainly flows to the south, then crosses the Aist-Naarn-Kuppenland spatial unit and then the Danube gorge and side valleys in the lower reaches .

economy

Mills, saws and forges

The hydropower of the Sarmingbach was used for centuries to operate mills, saws and forges:

  • Entlassmühle , in the municipality of St. Georgen, was demolished in 1909.
  • Kramermühle / Kramelmühle , in the municipality of Dimbach, is still in operation today as a sawmill.
  • Hornberger saw on the border between Dimbach and Waldhausen was broken off, but the Wehrbach is still recognizable today.
  • Leinmühle / Lainmühle , in Waldhausen is now in operation as a sawmill.
  • Kloibersäge , is in ruins today.
  • Furtlehnersäge , was canceled.
  • Hammerschmiede , next to the former Schlager inn, is no longer in operation.
  • Furtlehnersäge , was canceled.
  • Weißmüllersäge / Weißmühle , was closed and is now a residential building.
  • Hofmühle / Klostermühle , on the dam wall of today's swimming lake, is no longer in operation.
  • Haubenbergersäge , was still in operation until a few years ago.
  • Dannmühle , is still in operation today as an art mill.
  • Dobmühle / Wurzersäge / Höflersäge is now a residential building at the entrance to the cave ditch.
  • Hochröhrenschmiede / Höhlsäge , was demolished, the associated house is left to decay.
  • Dörflersäge , was canceled, but the location is still recognizable.
  • Lime pit saw , was canceled.
  • Steinmühle / Gruber and Menzl Säge , was closed, some of the buildings are still in use.

Failure glut

From 1763 to 1806 the failure flood was operated on the Sarmingbach . Logs from the Weinsberg forest north of the Danube were brought to the Danube with the help of the melting water-bearing Sarmingbach.

Small power plants

At the beginning of the 20th century, the use of water power to generate electricity also began on the Sarmingbach :

  • Power plant in Waldhausen, operator Undeutsch, output 65 kilowatts, 250,000 kilowatt hours annually, avoidance of 175,000 kg CO 2 .
  • Power plant in Waldhausen, operator boxwood, output unknown.
  • Power plant Jacobiwerk in Sarmingstein, architecturally successful show power plant along a hiking trail, which was realized by the architects Julia Taubinger and Andrés Fredes (architecture and design studio Juland, Barcelona Vienna) and opened in 2005. At this point, the Sarmingbach falls over a steep step 140 meters to the Danube. The new plant replaces two old small hydropower plants that had been built at the beginning of the 20th century and with which two plants that had already been closed (paper mill and sawmill) had been operated. With an expansion water volume of 850 liters / second and a fall height of 100 meters, an output of 750 kilowatts is achieved and 3,700,000 kilowatt hours of electricity are generated annually, which also helps to avoid 3,000,000 kg of CO 2 .
  • Sarmingstein power plant, operated by Engelmann, Francis spiral turbine from 1992, head 24 m, output 93 kilowatts, displacement 450 liters / second. It is the smallest electrical supply company in Austria, which supplies 200 residents with around 80 customer systems in the village of Sarmingstein. The company was granted the concession to generate and distribute electricity as early as 1923. The turbines installed in 1918 and 1925 were replaced in 1992. There is a cooperation with Linz Strom AG.

leisure

In the municipality of St. Nikola an der Donau, a hiking trail is signposted as the Säbnich circular hiking trail N11 in the village of Sarmingstein, which partly leads along the Sarmingbach.

The Sarmingbach, including the Waldhausen swimming lake, is part of the Klam-Dim-Gießenbach fishing district.

Sports

The stream is partially usable for kayaking and can be used in March and April. Above Waldhausen in the Wolfsschlucht gorge, however, the stream is too small, so that it is only practical to enter below the Waldhausen bathing lake. The creek has a short steep zone at Dobmühle about three kilometers below Waldhausen after the entry levels WW III-IV have been moved. At the confluence with the Danube, the Sarmingbach has a continuous downward gradient that is around 700 meters long and, because of the two diversion power plants, has waste up to three meters on this section, sometimes does not lead underwater and is very stony and fast.

literature

  • Waltraud Kaiserreiner, Josef Rosenthaler, Hans Wimmer: Waldhausen im Strudengau - Ortschronik. Publisher: Marktgemeinde Waldhausen on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the consecration of the collegiate church. Waldhausen 1994.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christina Frank: The mollusks of the Austrian Danube, the floodplain areas and the adjacent biotopes from Linz to Melk. In: Linz biology contributions. 200/1, Linz 1988, p. 316, entire article p. 313-400, PDF on ZOBODAT
  2. ^ Konrad Schiffmann : The Upper Austrian place names. Akad. Buchdr. d. cath. Preßvereines , Linz 1906, entry Sarming [stein] , p. 37, column 2 ( eReader on digi.landesbibliothek.at).
  3. ↑ Christa Hwlawinka: Slavic language tracks in Upper Austria. Thesis . Vienna 2009, p. 111 ( PDF on univie.ac.at).
  4. ↑ Herbert Hiesmayr: The castle stable Ober-bladder stone in Sankt Thomas am bladder stone, district Perg. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Volume 142/1, Linz 1997, p. 48 ( PDF on landesmuseum.at).
  5. ↑ The name can be found for the Teufelsbach near Steyr.
  6. ↑ Marianne Hofer-Czermak: A border river makes history. From the Sarmingbach-Schwemme to the auction of the large Weinsberg forest. In: The Waldviertel. Journal for local and regional studies of the Waldviertel and the Wachau. No. 57, Issue 1/2008, pp. 30-45; also applies to the Counts of Salburg as owners of the Grein estate, but otherwise mainly to the Holz-Schwemme on the Sarmingbach after Sarmingstein 1765 to 1802.
  7. ↑ Hydropower with a view. In: Kraftwerk. 9/2005, p. 4f (PDF; 1.0 MB).
  8. ↑ Sarmingstein electrical works. In: engelmann-automation.at.
  9. ↑ Paddling on the Sarmingbach. River description and links. In: kajak.at.