St. Nikola on the Danube

market community St. Nikola on the Danube
coat of arms	Austria map
Basic data
Country:	Austria
State :	Upper Austria
Political District :	Perg
License plate :	PE
Surface:	13.12 km²
Coordinates :	48 ° 14 '  N , 14 ° 54'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 14 '0 "  N , 14 ° 54' 24"  E
Height :	249  m above sea level A.
Residents :	762 (January 1, 2020)
Population density :	58 inhabitants per km²
Postal code :	4381
Area code :	07268
Community code :	4 11 21
Address of the municipal administration:	St. Nikola 16 4381 St. Nikola on the Danube
Website:	st-nikola.at
politics
Mayor :	Nikolaus Prinz ( ÖVP )
Municipal Council : (2015) (13 members)	10 3 10 3  A total of 13 seats ÖVP : 10 SPÖ : 3
Location of St. Nikola an der Donau in the district of Perg
Sarmingstein around 1900
Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria

St. Nikola an der Donau (also Sankt Nikola an der Donau ) is a market town in Upper Austria in the Perg district in Mühlviertel with 762 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020). The competent district court for the municipality, which has belonged to the judicial district of Perg since 2003 (previously to the former judicial district of Grein ), is located in Perg .

Since 1974 a festival in his honor has been celebrated every year on December 6th, the day of Saint Nicholas . a. a special post office is opened, the initiator of which, the Grein stamp collecting association , is offering a special stamp with a regional motif including special postmarks as well as special tickets, special envelopes and jewelery envelopes for this occasion .

geography

St. Nikola an der Donau is located at an altitude of 249 m in the Mühlviertel and is part of the Donauland Strudengau tourist region . The extension is 7.2 km from north to south and 6.9 km from west to east. The total area is 13.2 km². The deepest point is on the border with Lower Austria in the Hirschenau district at around 228  m above sea level. A. , making St. Nikola the lowest-lying community in Upper Austria.

53% of the area is forested, 32.6% of the area is used for agriculture.

The municipality includes the following localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):

• Achleiten (87)
• Hirschenau (55)
• Moosbach (29)
• Sankt Nikola on the Danube (177)
• Sarmingstein (137)
• Saddle (56)
• Struden (221)

Neighboring communities

Bad crosses		Waldhausen
Grein		Nöchling (Lower Austria)
	Neustadtl (Lower Austria)

history

The Church of St. Nikola on the Danube

The Raffelstetten Customs Regulations regulated the intensive trade in goods along the Danube as early as the early 10th century, on whose banks several St. In addition to the Augustinian canons of St. Nikola (Passau) downstream, the Nikolauskirchen in Mauthausen and Hofkirchen bei Saxen and of course Sankt Nikola are to be mentioned. In the year 926 the strudel around Sankt Nikola is mentioned in a document as "Paige" when Bishop Dracholf von Freising drowned there.

The number 1007 is carved on the eastern outside of the parish church of St. Nikola. This suggests that a pastoral care center could have existed between the later hospital and Friedhoflacke, that is, on the "Kirchenberg".

Beatrix von Clam, wife of Walchun von Machland , founded the hospital "hospitale de Pahin" in 1141, which Pope Lucius III. 1185 placed under papal protection. According to this document, Pahin was the older common place name. In the 12th century, "sand niclas" replaced this place name, because the rescue calls were directed to the holy bishop Nikolaus von Myra, the patron saint of sailors. The designation pahin or paige lives on in the place name Persenbeug ("evil bend") to this day.

Ship travelers going down the river had just got past the danger of eddies and eddies on the route around Grein and Struden at the church of St. Nikola and also drove past Werfenstein Castle, built around the 13th century, and Pain Castle from the 12th century, which could block the passage with chains . They were then gladly visited by boats on the water and asked by their occupants for a donation for St. Nicholas. This also paid for the hospital and the burial of Christian victims.

Originally located in the eastern part of the Duchy of Bavaria, the place St. Nikola belonged to the Duchy of Austria since 1156 . In 1361, Duke Rudolf IV allowed Provost Albertus zu Waldhausen to hold a free weekly market in Sarmingstein and a fair on Sunday in St. Kilian. In 1391 St. Nikola, which until then had been a branch of the Waldhausen Abbey , became an independent parish.

Since 1490 the place was assigned to the Principality of Austria ob der Enns . On February 4, 1511, at the request of the provost of Waldhausen , Emperor Maximilian I raised the towns of St. Nikola and Sarmingstein to markets. In 1572 the two markets received their market coats of arms from Emperor Maximilian II , but the Struden nursing court was moved to Grein. The parish chronicle in St. Nikola begins in 1603. In 1617 over 100 people drowned in the Lueg water, in 1637 a distinguished clerk had an accident in the strudel.

During the Napoleonic Wars , the place was occupied several times. After French soldiers from a rearguard group had murdered the farmers Johann Brandstätter from Moosböckgut, Franz Zeitlhofer from Dullingergut and Johann Prinz von Ortnergut in 1805, a bitter fight ensued in which the locals killed eleven French people. This year the Sattler Chapel was probably built on the occasion of this incident.

With the Danube regulations in the 19th and 20th centuries, St. Nikola and the neighboring towns lost their importance for river navigation in the Strudengau.

Since 1918 the place belongs to the federal state of Upper Austria. After Austria was annexed to the German Reich on March 13, 1938, the place belonged to the "Gau Oberdonau". In 1945 Upper Austria was restored.

History of Sarmingstein

The village of Sabinicha am Sarmingbach received a castle complex from the Machländer around the year 1000 with a view of that section of the river, which the monk Arnold von St. Emmeram called a “Pogica caribdis ” (a pogic sea monster) around the year 1030 , “ubi esse videtur mortis hospitium ”(where death appears to be the inn).

From the castle on the Sarmingstein there was a line of sight to the castles Freyenstein , Hausstein, Werfenstein (Werfel, Wirbel) and Wörth, Grein and Klam .

→ Main article : Sarmingstein

History of Struden

The formerly independent community of Struden was incorporated into St. Nikola in 1875.

→ Main article : Struden

Population development

In 1991 the community had 919 inhabitants according to the census, in 2001 it had 855 inhabitants.

coat of arms

Official description of the municipality's coat of arms : In black on a blue, wavy shield base, a wooden (brown) barge on a blue chain, inside of which is St. Nicholas in episcopal pontifical clothing, in the left a book with three golden balls (apples) lying on it at the crook of the arm a gold shepherd's staff, curved outwards, with a silver compartment, the right hand placed on the breast.

Culture and sights

See also:  List of listed objects in St. Nikola an der Donau

• The Sarmingstein tower ruins are the remains of a bastion that was built in 1488 by order of Emperor Friedrich III. was built by the Prueschenk brothers. The tower is not a listed building .
• The castle Säbnich was due to the Foundation by Otto von Machland first branch of the Augustinian Canons, who worked here from 1147 to 1161. The deed of foundation was issued on May 16, 1147. The monastery was later moved to Waldhausen .

politics

Mayor is Nikolaus Prinz from the ÖVP.

Personalities of the market town

Sons and daughters

• Barbara Ployer (born September 2, 1765 in Sarmingstein ; † 1810 in Brešan , Croatia ): Mozart's piano student , for whom he composed the piano concertos KV 449, KV 453 and probably also KV 488.
• Anton Maria Topitz (born February 26, 1887 in Kodetschlag, then crown land of Bohemia of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, today Jenín in Dolní Dvořiště , Czech Republic; † April 7, 1949 in Berlin): singer. Came to St. Nikola with his parents Anton and Pauline on February 23, 1888, as his father had accepted the position of headmaster here.

Artist

• Anna Maria Brandstätter (* 1977), painter and graphic artist

mayor

• Carl Wochberger (1850 to 1855)
• Ignaz Schwaiger (1855 to 1858)
• Joseph Hohenstöger (1858 to 1864)
• Josef Strobl (1864 to 1870)
• Georg Attenbrunner (1870 to 1873)
• Karl Rinner (1873 to 1875)
• Johann Fannenböck (1875 to 1876)
• Johann Mühlberger (1876 to 1882)
• Rudolf Schwaiger (1882 to 1886)
• Johann Hinterleitner (1886 to 1888)
• Georg Kasberger (1888 to 1900)
• Johann Fannenböck (1900 to 1906)
• Josef Seyr (1906 to 1924)
• Franz Gruber (1924 to 1933)
• Josef Reisner (1933 to 1935)
• Emmerich Fischer (1935 to 1938)
• Karl Fannenböck (1938 to 1943)
• Josef Bruckner (1943 to 1945)
• Josef Schneiderbauer (1945 to 1958)
• Ernst Knauder (1958 to 1961)
• Anton Menzl (1961 to 1976)
• Leopold Fasching (1976 to 2002)
• Nikolaus Prinz (2002 to date)

The mayors of the local community of Struden, incorporated in 1875, are listed in the main article of Struden .

literature

• Wolfgang Schachenhofer: Local history of Sankt Nikola on the Danube. In: Upper Austrian homeland sheets . Year 35, Linz 1981, issue 3/4, pp. 286–305 ( online (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at).
• Franz Schmutz: The message of an anniversary - 850 years of Waldhausen's founding (1147 - 1997). In: New archive for the history of the Diocese of Linz. 12th year, issue 2, Linz 1998/99, pp. 279–281 ( online (PDF; 4.5 MB) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at).

Web links

Commons : Sankt Nikola an der Donau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Entry on St. Nikola an der Donau in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
• More information about the municipality of St. Nikola an der Donau on the geo-information system of the federal state of Upper Austria .
• Map in the Digital Upper Austrian Room Information System ( DORIS )
• http://www.sanktnikolatv.at

• 41121 - St. Nikola on the Danube. Community data, Statistics Austria .
• Homepage of the market town of St. Nikola an der Donau

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The official spelling is specified or shown in the list of the municipalities of the Upper Austrian provincial government on the Internet and on Statistics Austria: A look at the municipality
2. ↑ Austrian Map Online: Austrian Map start page
3. ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
4. ↑ ^{a b c} Schachenhofer 1981, p. 291.
5. ↑ Schachenhofer 1981, p. 287.
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Schachenhofer 1981, p. 288.
7. ↑ Mystery Upper Austria by Peter Pfarl and Toni Anzenberger , ISBN 978-3-7012-0037-5 , page 78
8. ↑ ^{a b} Schachenhofer 1981, p. 289.
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Schachenhofer 1981, p. 292.
10. ↑ Schachenhofer 1981, p. 290.
11. ^ Topitz, Anton Maria (own Anton Matthias). In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon online. Retrieved January 18, 2020 .  Handwritten "Memories 1857–1941" from Anton Topitz senior, personal typewritten notes from Albert Topitz.