Savoureuse
| Savoureuse | ||
 The savoureuse at Valdoie |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | FR : U2340500 | |
| location | France , Territoire de Belfort department | |
| River system | Rhône | |
| Drain over | Allan → Saône → Mediterranean | |
| source | at Ballon d'Alsace , municipality of Lepuix 47 ° 49 ′ 17 ″ N , 6 ° 50 ′ 26 ″ E |
|
| Source height | 1190 m | |
| muzzle | at Étupes in the Allan coordinates: 47 ° 30 ′ 42 " N , 6 ° 50 ′ 56" E 47 ° 30 ′ 42 " N , 6 ° 50 ′ 56" E |
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| Mouth height | 317 m | |
| Height difference | 873 m | |
| Bottom slope | 22 ‰ | |
| length | 40 km | |
| Catchment area | 225 km² | |
| Left tributaries | Rosemontoise | |
| Right tributaries | Rhôme , Douce | |
| Medium-sized cities | Belfort | |
| Small towns | Giromagny , Valdoie | |
The Savoureuse is a 40 kilometers long right tributary of the Allan in the French department Territoire de Belfort in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region . It flows through the city of Belfort and drains the western part of the department via the Allan, Doubs , Saône and Rhône water system to the Mediterranean. The catchment area of the Savoureuse covers an area of 225 km². The river name goes back to the patois expression savor (saw).
geography
The headwaters of the Savoureuse are located in the southern Vosges at around 1200 m on the southern flank of the Ballon d'Alsace (Alsatian Belchen), in the municipality of Lepuix . In its first kilometers, the mountain stream has a gradient of around 200 m per kilometer before it reaches the uppermost valley basin at the southern foot of the Ballon d'Alsace at 600 m above sea level. He overcomes this steep step in the densely forested area with several waterfalls, including the Cascade du Rummel and the Saut de la Truite. The uppermost section of the Savoureuse Valley was formed over by a glacier during the Ice Age. Below the valley of Malvaux with the Roches du Cerf and another waterfall (Saut de la Cuvotte), the valley floor widens to a width of around one kilometer.
At Giromagny , the Savoureuse emerges from the Vosges into a wide basin in which, over time, a layer of gravel and fine sediments (so-called alluvion ) has been deposited. The river, oriented in north-south direction, now has a gradient of around 1% (10 meters by 1 kilometer). In this basin, the Savoureuse receives two important tributaries: from the west the Rhôme and from the east the Rosemontoise , which runs parallel to the Savoureuse for a longer distance. At Valdoie , the river crosses the southern boundary of the basin with the forest heights of the Montagne du Salbert in the west and the Forêt de Roppe in the east.
Then the Savoureuse reaches the Belfort basin. It flows through the densely built-up area of the Belfort agglomeration. To the south of the city it forms a 15 km long and around 1 km wide valley, which is flanked by the heights of the Burgundian Gate , which towers above the valley floor by a maximum of 100 meters. The gradient here is around 0.3%. This north-south oriented valley is used by the important traffic axes between the cities of Belfort and Montbéliard ( A36 motorway and main road). The Savoureuse receives the third important tributary from the west with the Douce. Below the Andelnans it is also accompanied by the Canal de la Haute-Saône , a branch of the Rhine-Rhône Canal .
At Nommay , it crosses the border between the Territoire de Belfort and Doubs departments . The valley now reaches the Montbéliard basin, and the Savoureuse flows into the Allan at an altitude of 317 m in the municipal area of Étupes on the eastern edge of the Montbéliard agglomeration. Both rivers have been corrected here, with the confluence shifted by around one kilometer to the southeast.
Hydrology
The Savoureuse has a pluvial discharge regime with strongly fluctuating water levels. Floods can occur in the winter months and in spring during the snowmelt in the Vosges and later in the year during strong thunderstorms or prolonged rainfall. The headwaters in the area of the Ballon d'Alsace is one of the wettest regions in France with 240 cm of precipitation per year. At Belfort the mean annual runoff is around 4.4 m³ / s, with the monthly mean fluctuating between 0.98 m³ / s in August and 8.12 m³ / s in December. The highest value of 209 m³ / s measured so far at this station dates from February 15, 1990. In the catchment area of the Savoureuse there are numerous ponds, only a few of which are of natural origin. Most were created for fish farming since the 16th century.
use
Companies that were dependent on water power, including mills, tanneries, paper mills, but also the iron and metalworking industry, set up along the Savoureuse. In the Savoureuse valley between Belfort and Montbéliard, sand and gravel were extracted. The pits are now filled with water and some of them serve as bathing lakes and local recreation areas.