Hinge

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Scharn (disambiguation) .

The market hall with Scharn in Duisburg in the Corputius plan from 1566

The Scharn (also Scharne , Scharren , Scharrn ) were stalls in medieval cities where bread (bread scratching, bread scratching) or meat (meat scratching) was offered. Often the paws were in a market or meat hall. Such places have come down to us as a Scharn, for example in Berlin , Braunschweig , Duisburg or Minden . The building, which was renovated in 1653, has been preserved in Warendorf to this day.

etymology

According to the records of the Brothers Grimm , there were different spellings for these outlets for bread or meat in Germany.

• In addition to scraper, also scissor or hinge.
• The term "the Scharre [n]" comes from "Scharne" or " Schranne ".
• It can also appear as “the scratching” (Scharn).
• This could become “Scherne”, which in turn was renamed “ Schirn ” in the 15th century .

The word probably has no relation to the verb “scratch”, but was probably created by changing the letter “r” from “schranne” ( old high German  scranna ). This is related to the Italian scranna 'field chair, court chair' (“bench to which criminals are strapped during the punishment” or the bench of the assessors at court) and is possibly related to the French escran, écran “furnace screen” .

• "Schranne" is the name for a sales stand, a covered hall, a shop or a collective term for bank, table, institution, local, building that was intended for buying and selling, especially bread, grain or meat.
• In Hamburg and other places it was common in the form of "Schrange" for the meat market or a meat bank.

Also preserved in the names for streets and squares (Schrangen, Schrangenplatz, Schrangenstraße; in Riga : Skārņu iela = Scharrenstraße). The barrier, as a barricade for an area, and the cupboard, as a storage space for goods, are related.

Occurrence as Schar (re) n or Schirn

Schirnen under a Scharnhaus in Frankfurt around 1875

• In Braunschweig this name for the meat market has been preserved in the street names Hagenscharrn and Scharrnstraße . It referred to the stalls of the bone-cutter guild.
• In Duisburg, the Scharn was created as part of the market hall by subdividing it into a court hall and a meat hall in the late Middle Ages. The foundation walls of the Duisburg Scharn have been preserved in the archaeological zone at Duisburg's Old Market .
• In Berlin-Mitte and Charlottenburg , Scharrenstrasse was and is a reminder of the locations of the former "Scharren".
• In Frankfurt am Main , the butcher's stalls were called Schirn . A very well-known Schirn, where warm sausages were sold, stood on the Römerberg, known as the New Red House on the market . Especially on the evening before going to the theater, many citizens gathered there for a quick warm meal before the upcoming cultural event. The name has been transferred to the Schirn Kunsthalle .
• In Frankenberg / Eder in northern Hesse there is a very large Schirn in the Renaissance town hall there, where a weekly market takes place every Saturday.
• In Riga there is also a Scharrenstraße , the name of which is derived from the butcher's trade.
• In Bydgoszcz , today's ulica Jatki was called Fleichscharren (1876–1920) or Scharrenstrasse (1939–1945).

Occurrence as Schrange or Schranne

• Schrangen , Kleiner Schrangen or Alter Schrangen in Lübeck
• Schrangen a building in Flensburg
• There were Schrangen (also Scharren) in Hamburg near the small Bäckerstrasse and on the hop market
• Modern Schranne in Augsburg
• Schranne as a court in Vienna

literature

• Johann Andreas Schmeller: Schrannen . In: Bavarian Dictionary . 2nd Edition. tape 2 . Rudolph Oldenbourg, Munich 1877, Sp. 602–608 ( digital-sammlungen.de ).
• poke. In: Matthias Lexer: Middle High German Concise Dictionary. Volume 2: N-U. Hirzel, Leipzig 1876, Col. 666 to 668 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
• Scharn , m . In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 14 : R - skewness - (VIII). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1893, Sp. 2211-2212 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
• Hinge . In: Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 12 , issue 1/2 (edited by Andreas Deutsch et al.). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 2009, ISBN 978-3-7400-1245-8 , Sp. 255-256 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de ).
• Schranne . In: German legal dictionary . tape 12 , issue 7/8, 2012, col. 1133–1136 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de ).
• Fred Kapsar: The plow on the market. In: Laurenz Sandmann (ed.): Handel, Hanse, Warendorf (= Stadt- und Stadtmuseum: Writings of the friends of the old town Warendorf. Volume 2), Petersberg 2019.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Scharn , m . In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 14 : R - skewness - (VIII). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1893, Sp. 2211-2212 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
2. ↑ Schranne , f . In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm (Hrsg.): German dictionary . tape 15 : Schiefeln – Soul - (IX). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1899, Sp. 1642–1643 ( woerterbuchnetz.de ).
3. ↑ Matthias Untermann: The building complex of the market hall on the "old market" in Duisburg . In: Günter Krause (ed.): Stadtarchäologie in Duisburg 1980 - 1990 (=  Duisburg research ). tape 38 . Walter Braun, Duisburg 1992, ISBN 3-87096-049-3 , p. 394-462 .
4. ↑ Scharrenstrasse (center). In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
5. ^ Scharrenstrasse (Charlottenburg) . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
6. ^ Friedrich Georg Buek: IV. Butcher . In: Handbook of the Hamburg constitution and administration . Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1828, p. 397-398 ( archive.org ).