Hagenscharrn
| Hagenscharrn | |
|---|---|
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| The armory in Braunschweig | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Braunschweig |
| District | Hagen |
| Created | 14th century, before 1321 |
| Newly designed | after 1945 |
| Hist. Names |
macella Indaginis (1321), de scherne (1404), Kaldunenscharn (1533), in the rosenwinkele (1514–1558) |
| Connecting roads | Bohlweg and Casparistraße |
| Buildings | Commercial buildings formerly Pauline monastery, later armory |
| use | |
| Road design | one way street |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | less than 100 meters |
| building-costs | unknown |
Hagen Scharrn is a road that since the 14th century in the former precincts Hagen of the city Braunschweig exists.
About the etymology
The street name is derived on the one hand from Hagen, in which this street was located, and on the other hand the term pawing comes from the area of the guild of bone-tusk . Scratching was the name for a stall or a series of meat banks. Since meat was considered an important food alongside bread, there were bone tusks scattered throughout the city who did the slaughter. This guild had a seat on each of the councils of all the townships. They alone had the right to buy, slaughter, cut up and sell cattle for slaughter. The additional scratching in the street name is derived from these sales stands. In addition, fresh meat could only be sold at those stands where it was under the control of the authorities. This supervision was the responsibility of the Boneless Guild, which provided its own meat inspector. In the post-Middle Ages in Braunschweig there were three fixed days on which slaughter took place. The meat was only allowed to be sold in paws until fresh goods were delivered the next day of slaughter. In addition to the Hagenscharrn, there was also the term “Aegis Scratching”, for the market that was located behind the town hall on Altewiekring. The structure of these sales areas mostly consisted of one or two closed rows. Over time, the scrapers themselves were developed into sturdy stalls with a door and a shutter to let down. The roofs were covered with slate and provided with a gutter, so that they looked like rows of houses in their own sales streets. Such a scratching was an investment since its number was fixed and therefore the demand was great. The way to get a free scratching property was generally only possible through inheritance or marriage.
history
In the vicinity of the Hagenscharrn there were ducal lands that were cultivated. On April 18, 1307, the Dukes Heinrich der Wunderliche and Albrecht der Fette gave the “Drostenhof” to the Dominican preachers (also known as the Paulines) to establish their own monastery for 65 silver marks. Several guilds settled in the vicinity of this monastery, including cloth makers, goldsmiths and tanners. The so-called meat scrapers have also had their place here since 1347. For this they had to pay the duke 8 shillings a year for every scratch. Ownership of these paws was hereditary, and the operators were obliged to “keep them better”.
The following names for the street can be found in documents:
- 1321 Latin apud macellam Indaginis
- 1404 "de scherne", which means the meat scrap ( Scharn ) of the soft picture Hagen
- 1533 "kaldunenscharn", (Kaldunen = entrails, innards)
In the years 1407 to 1569 the street was mostly called Hagenscharn. The name Hagenscharrn has been retained, the street is only a few meters long and leads from Bohlweg as a one-way street into Casparistraße, which is now where an arm of the Oker previously flowed.
| Map around 1400 with Pauline monastery | Map from 1798 | Map from 1829 |
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 With the numbering of the houses as they were called until 1945 |
.JPG)
Historical residents
The half-timbered house Hagenscharrn 1 ( Assekuranznummer 2085) at the north-western end of the street had only a sill beam as decoration, which was broken through several times by rosettes , an inscription in Gothic lowercase with capital letters:
The map by Johann Karl Mare from 1829 shows that the building was directly connected to the Catharinen School . It was demolished in 1884 and the decorative beam was given to the Municipal Museum . The school building of the Collegium Carolinum (insurance number 2096-2097) was located in the area from 1745 to 1877 . There were a total of ten houses there. The corner house (No. 2095) formed the end of Bohlweg.
Resident 1846
In the address book for 1846, the following people are listed as residents of these houses.
- Master bookbinder Isensee (No. 2085)
- Schulpedell Werthmann and Mrs. Brakel (No. 2086)
- Master carpenter Harms, dancer Täger, seamstress Täger and Sergeant Schäfer (No. 2087)
- Master shoemaker Bülte, master shoemaker Mieth, seamstress Brandes and master tailor Schwarz (No. 2088)
- Widow Diestfeldt, seamstress Mondenschein, spinner Spelge, siblings Rasch and the basket maker Warnecke (No. 2089)
- Shoemaker Meyer and Mechanicus Meves (No. 2090)
- Widow Kröhl, Benthack stable attendant, master tailor Britzwein and Sergeant Bode (No. 2091)
- Widow Schulze, theater box office manager Heinemann and chorus player Weigel (No. 2092)
- Master tailor Schrader and widow Büschoff (No. 2093)
- Glove maker Dübois and clothes maker Ohlendorf (No. 2094)
On the south side of the street were the buildings of the ducal armory on property no. 2084, which were housed in the former Pauli monastery. The commandant's house, built in 1764, was also located here, which served as the residence of the respective city commanders, and which later housed the natural history cabinet. In 1891 the "Fatherland Museum for Braunschweigische Landesgeschichte" (see Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum ) was founded there, which was relocated to the building near the Aegidienkirche on August 24, 1902 . In the summer of 1903 the building of the armory and the museum on Hagenscharrn were demolished to make room for the construction of an authority building (later the State Ministry).
As the map of the Weichbilder shows, there was a small wooden footbridge (the Hagenscharrn Bridge) that led diagonally over the Oker and connected the sack with the Hagen. This connection was referred to in 1402 as "de long steg". Until 1731 it was one of the extensions of the street and connected it with the Ruhfäutchenplatz. The bridge was abandoned and a new crossing was built further south, initially made of wood and replaced by a stone bridge from 1779.
Resident in 1941
Around a hundred years later, the following residents are named for the remaining 5 houses on the north side.
- No. 2085 to 2087 and No. 2093 to 2094 are no longer available
- No. 2088
- Owner: businessman Fritz Rekate and 3rd co-heirs
- Ground floor: W. Abel hairdresser, 1st floor: Technician F. Sievers, 2nd floor: warehouse clerk H. Thorsen, III. Floor: Reichsbahnladeschaffner W. Heitmann, 4th floor: Dreher A. Lemki
- No. 2089
- Owner: Purchasing and delivery association for the shoemaker's trade EGmbH
- Ground floor: Raw materials association of the master shoemaker in Braunschweig EGmbHI Floor: Warehouse keeper A. Lerm, 2nd floor: Registrar R. Hans, III. Floor: machinist B. Möller
- No. 2090
- Owner: Innkeeper Aug. Meyer (†)
- Ground floor: Auditor F. Dunwald, invalid Mrs. Niemeyer, 1st floor: widow Anna Meyer, 2nd floor: worker W. Schoppmeyer, [III. Floor:] Schlosser W. Hausdorf
- No. 2091
- Locksmith Paul Blankenstein
- Ground floor: Miss Anna Wolnik, 1st floor: tram driver E. Heinrichs, 2nd floor: widow L. Langemann, III. Floor: Mrs. Ms. Brauer
- No. 2092
- Owner: master locksmith Karl Hüser's heirs
- Ground floor: wood turner P. Köhler, 1st floor: fitter Rich. Rinne, widow A. Gerlt, 2nd floor: driver Ernst Jahns, messenger Paul Sypa, III. Floor: widow H. Henschel
Opposite on the southern side of the street was the tax authorities' office.
Complete destruction in World War II
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| Over 40 bombing raids during the Second World War , in particular the bombing raid of October 15, 1944 , destroyed and damaged areas of the north-eastern Braunschweig city center , between Steinweg (above), Hagenmarkt (right), Fallersleber Straße (below) and Theaterwall (left). For orientation: |
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| 1) | The badly damaged Braunschweig Castle . |
| 2) | The castle square ; including the State Ministry in Dankwardstrasse, opposite the town hall on the left . The Dankwarderode Castle and Brunswick Cathedral can be seen on the right on Burgplatz . |
| 3) | The State Theater can be seen on the left edge of the picture . |
| 4) | The destroyed buildings of Wilhelmsgarten . |
| 5) | The badly damaged Katharinenkirche on Hagenmarkt. |
| 6) | The ruins of the Hagenmarkt pharmacy . |
| 7) | The burnt-out Bierbaum house on Fallersleber Strasse. |
The entire development on the northern side of the Hagenscharrns was destroyed. On the opposite side of the street is the stone building of the Braunschweig State Ministry, which has been preserved and which housed the Braunschweig district government until its dissolution in 2004 . After the general renovation, probably by the beginning of 2022, the Higher Regional Court of Braunschweig will move into this listed building between Hagenscharrn, Bohlweg and Ruhfäutchenplatz
literature
- Johannes Angel: Hagenscharrn. In: Luitgard Camerer , Manfred Garzmann , Wolf-Dieter Schuegraf (eds.): Braunschweiger Stadtlexikon . Joh. Heinr. Meyer Verlag, Braunschweig 1992, ISBN 3-926701-14-5 , p. 97 .
- Jürgen Hodemacher : Braunschweig's streets, their names and their stories. Volume 1: Inner City. Cremlingen 1995, ISBN 3-927060-11-9 , pp. 138-139.
- Heinrich Meier : Hagenscharrn . In: The street names of the city of Braunschweig . Julius Zwissler, Wolfenbüttel 1904, p. 47-48 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ The slaughterhouse. In: Werner Spieß : History of the city of Braunschweig in the post-Middle Ages . 1st half volume, orphanage printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1966, pp. 241–246.
- ↑ Antiquities of the city and the state of Braunschweig according to mostly unused manuscripts . Friedrich Otto, Braunschweig 1841, p. 125 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ^ Andrea Boockmann: DI 35: City of Braunschweig I (1993) . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di035g005k0014509 ( inschriften.net ).
- ↑ Paul Jonas Meier , Karl Steinacker : The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd, expanded edition, Braunschweig 1926, p. 80.
- ↑ Hagenscharrn . In: Braunschweigisches Adress-Buch . 34th edition. Meyer, Braunschweig 1846, III. List of houses by consecutive number ..., p. 71 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
- ↑ Stadtchronik Braunschweig - entries for the period from 1900 to 1909. City of Braunschweig, accessed on September 11, 2019 .
- ^ Philip Christian Ribbentrop : Hagenscharrnbrücke . In: Description of the city of Braunschweig . Meyer, Braunschweig 1789, p. 44–45 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Hagenscharrn . In: Braunschweigisches address book . Meyer, Braunschweig 1941, III. Department, Section 4, p. 133 ( tu-braunschweig.de [PDF]).
Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 57.5 ″ N , 10 ° 31 ′ 28.1 ″ E