White spruce

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White spruce
White spruce (Picea glauca)

White spruce ( Picea glauca )

Systematics
Class : Coniferopsida
Order : Conifers (Coniferales)
Family : Pine family (Pinaceae)
Subfamily : Piceoideae
Genre : Spruce trees ( Picea )
Type : White spruce
Scientific name
Picea glauca
( Moench ) Voss

The white spruce or mold spruce ( Picea glauca ) is a species of the genus spruce ( Picea ) in the pine family (Pinaceae). It is common in North America from Alaska through Canada to the northern United States . It is the official state tree of the US state of South Dakota and the official provincial tree of the Canadian province of Manitoba .

description

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Trunk with bark
Illustration from American medicinal plants , plate 164

Vegetative characteristics

The white spruce is an evergreen tree that reaches a maximum height of 50 meters and a trunk diameter of 100 centimeters. The bark is gray-brown. The buds are orange-brown and 3 to 6 millimeters in size.

The needles are very even in length (12 to 13 millimeters) and are almost all on the top of the branch.

Generative characteristics

The white spruce is single-sexed ( monoecious ). The cones are narrowly cylindrical with a length of 5 to 6 centimeters and copper-brown to light orange in color when ripe. The cone scales are smooth and round.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.

Distribution area

distribution

Picea glauca is distributed in North America from Alaska to Canada to the northern United States . There are localities for Alaska , Northwest Territories , Yukon , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Québec , Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , Saskatchewan , Maine , Michigan , northern New Hampshire , northern New York , northern Vermont , northern Minnesota , southwestern South Dakota , Wisconsin , northwestern Montana, and northern Wyoming .

Systematics

It was first published in 1785 under the name ( Basionym ) Pinus glauca Moench by Moench in the directory of foreign trees and shrubs of the Weissenstein Castle in the air , page 73. The new combination to Picea glauca (Moench) Voss was made in 1907 by Voss in communications from the German Dendrological Society. Berlin , Volume 16, page 93 published.

Other synonyms for Picea glauca (Moench) Voss are: Abies canadensis Mill. , Picea alba (Aiton) Link , Picea alba var. Albertiana (S.Brown) Beissner , Picea albertiana S.Brown , Picea canadensis (Miller) Britton, Sterns & Poggenburg , Picea canadensis var. glauca (Moench) Sudworth , Picea glauca var. albertiana (S.Brown) Sargent , Picea glauca var. densata Bailey , Picea glauca var. porsildii Raup , Pinus alba Aiton .

photos

  • Ripe cones

  • Branch with needles

See also

Sugarloaf spruce

swell

  • Christopher J. Earle, Michael P. Frankis: Picea glauca. In: The Gymnosperm Database. 2019, accessed on April 16, 2019 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Picea glauca at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed April 16, 2019.
  2. ↑ a b c Christopher J. Earle, Michael P. Frankis: Picea glauca. In: The Gymnosperm Database. 2019, accessed on April 16, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Picea glauca at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ Picea glauca at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed April 16, 2019.

Web links

Commons : White Spruce ( Picea glauca )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files