Bauschlott Castle
The Castle Bauschlott is a palace complex in Bauschlott , a district of newcomers in Enz in Baden-Württemberg . The complex goes back to a moated castle from the 16th century, was owned by Baden-Durlach from 1726 and was renovated in its current form by Friedrich Weinbrenner until 1809 . The castle was then the residence of several margraves and grand dukes of Baden. From around 1900 it served various purposes. The castle came into private ownership in 1961 and was then the place of activity of the Buslat artists' guild until 2004 , which took up a lively exhibition and concert activity there.
history
Moated castle of the Lords of Wallstein
In the years 1506 to 1512 Konrad von Wallstein , who had his residence in Pforzheim, acquired all the manorial rights in Bauschlott. His son Eglof von Wallstein bought six court rides there , which he used as building ground for a four-tower moated castle and surrounding gardens built between 1532 and 1540. Eglof died in 1570 and was buried in the old church of Bauschlott. His grave slab and that of his mother have been preserved in the cemetery at the Evangelical Church . He left behind an underage son, Eglof the Younger, who also died in 1580, with which the Wallstein in the male line died out. In 1581, the heirs agreed to return sovereign rights to Baden-Durlach , while the castle remained in the possession of the Wallstein heirs for some time, who sold it to Margrave Georg Friedrich for 16,000 guilders in 1604 .
In 1609 the Chamber Councilor Erhard von Rammingen acquired the estate and Bauschlott Castle for 13,000 guilders. After the death of Rammingen, north German nobles inherited the property and let administrators manage it. The property was temporarily divided between a Herr von Pirk (also Pürk) and a Frau von Bellin. In 1698 the general director of the provision office of the Swabian district troops, Johann Philipp von Schell, was able to reunite the previously fragmented property. Schell had the castle extensively renovated and fountains built in 1712. He and his descendants then called themselves Schell zu Bauschlott . In particular, Schell's son, the Hesse-Kassel legation councilor Johann Christian von Schell, seems to have used the palace as a residence, since two of his children were born in Bauschlott in 1722 and 1725. Bernhard von Sternenfels, a son-in-law of the elder Schell, also lived in Schloss Bauschlott between 1715 and 1725.
Sold to the Margraves of Baden in 1726
In 1726 Schell sold Bauschlott Castle to Margrave Karl III for 20,000 guilders . Wilhelm . From then on, the castle remained in Baden-Durlach's possession and was the seat of an administrator who had Bauschlott, the Katharinentaler Hof and the Karlshäuser Hof under themselves. In the middle of the 18th century the castle and its farm buildings were kept in good condition, and the rose cultures in the castle gardens were well known. 1764 by was Wilhelm Jeremias Müller of Cavaliersbau the castle built. In 1770 the marshland near Bauschlott was drained, with the result that the castle lost its function as a moated castle. The drawbridge was then broken off. In 1780 an octagonal turret was built near the castle.
Despite construction and maintenance measures, the palace was in need of renovation in the late 18th century, as evidenced by documents from the estate manager Jacob Friedrich Daimling: the garden wall had partially collapsed, floors were damaged, cracked bricks. Some farm buildings were so dilapidated that repairs were no longer an option.
New castle construction by Weinbrenner
Grand Duke Karl Friedrich von Baden had the old dilapidated castle demolished and, under the direction of his court architect Friedrich Weinbrenner, built a new country castle in the classicist style on the old foundations . The new main building was connected to the older Marstall and the Kavaliershaus from 1764 by two connecting structures.
The renovation seems to have taken a long time. There were plans for the renovation as early as 1795. The main building was completed in 1804 and was painted in that year by Carl Kuntz , who later also made paintings for the interior decoration. The gardens were laid out from 1806. Weinbrenner designed the Belvedere in 1807. The entire construction was completed in 1809.
The Grand Duke mainly used the castle for hunting parties, but could not enjoy it for long as he died in 1811. His widow Luise Karoline von Hochberg (1769–1820) took the castle as a widow's residence until 1817. Her eldest son, Grand Duke Leopold, lived in Bauschlott for some time after the 1848 revolution. His youngest son, Prince Karl (1832–1906) celebrated his wedding in Bauschlott in 1871 and then lived with his wife, Rosalie Luise Freiin von Beust (1845–1908), called Countess Rhena , there until 1899. The noble couple were involved in building lottery Association. Countess Rhena donated a gold cross for the Evangelical Church in 1888 .
Changing use in the 20th century
After the princely rent office for Bauschlott, Stein, Dürrn and Göbrichen was dissolved in 1900, the castle was used for various purposes. After the First World War it was a children's rest home, from 1923 to 1936 a household school, then for a short time the young farmer's school of the Reichsnährstand , then the seat of Count Adelmann von Adelmannsfelden as administrator of Karlshausen and Katharinenthal. Towards the end of the Second World War, art treasures were relocated to the castle. Finally, the evacuated gynecological department of the Pforzheim hospital was housed in it, so that some people like the actor Michael Rieth or the naval officer Jörg Duppler were born in 1944/45 in Bauschlott Castle. After the war the castle was the seat of the Hungarian grammar school.
The last owner from the von Baden family was Berthold von Baden (1906–1963). He sold the castle in 1961 to the Stuttgart doctor Stefan Sandkühler (1920–2004).
Buslat artists' guild from 1962
Sandkühler had the palace extensively renovated with the help of the State Office for Monument Preservation in Karlsruhe. He was not only a doctor, but also very art-loving and founded the Buslat artists' guild in 1962 , which started a lively exhibition and event activity in the castle. The term Buslat is the first documented name of Bauschlott. Early guild members included the Stuttgart painter Ernst Feuerstein , the Palatinate painter Ludwig Fellner , who headed the guild from 1962 to 1964, and the photographer and art historian Johannes Canis , who chaired it from 1964 to 1968. The painters Uwe Wenk-Wolff and Heinrich Frieling as well as the sculptors Walter Gillich , Georg Vorhauer , Feri Varga and Theobald Hauck were also active in the guild . The artists' guild not only carried out exhibitions from its circle, but also organized concerts, crafts exhibitions as well as theater and puppet shows. In the course of time, the focus of activities was concentrated on exhibitions and concerts, as the theater in the castle could not compete with that of the surrounding cities. From 1963 to 1971 alone, the guild organized almost 100 exhibitions and 70 concerts, and by 1987 there were well over 300 exhibitions. The artists shown include Karl Abt , Erwin Aichele , Hans Läubin , Norbert Gert Hartmann , Werner von Houwald , Will Sohl , Hans Brasch and Otto Engelhardt-Kyffhäuser . The artists' guild was based in the castle until Sandkühler's death in 2004, then moved to Knittlingen and in 2007 to the Neulinger Hofgut Katharinental.
Todays use
Today the castle is privately owned. It is the seat of the JS Klotz publishing house and houses a coffee house as well as a bookstore and an art museum. The museum wants to be a place of culture and encounter. The Klotz Collection exhibited there consists of around 300 works of art from the 16th to 20th centuries. The museum, which is set up in the style of the classic salons of the late 19th century, is based on the tradition of the literary salon .
In addition, the federal office of the German Naturheilbund eV , umbrella organization of the German naturopathic associations, is located in the castle .
literature
- Johannes Canis: Homeland Bauschlott . Bauschlott 1971, pp. 57-68, 107-114, 251-256.
- Stefan Sandkühler: Bauschlott Castle and the Buslat Artists' Guild , Neulingen 1982
- Hermann Diruff and Christoph Timm: Art and cultural monuments in Pforzheim and in the Enzkreis . Stuttgart 1991, pp. 264/65.
- Eberhard Frank: Bauschlott. A village, a castle and a guild , in: Der Enzkreis. Yearbook '87 / 88 , pp. 49–54.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frank 1988, p. 49.
- ↑ frohkoestlich.de: We look forward to your visit in the cafe! Retrieved April 13, 2020 .
- ^ New concept for the art museum in the Bauschlotter Schloss - Kultur - Pforzheimer Zeitung . ( pz-news.de [accessed April 13, 2020]).
- ^ Gallery Schloss Bauschlott - The gallery and publishing house JS Klotz. Retrieved April 13, 2020 .
Web links
- Schloss Bauschlott on a private website
Coordinates: 48 ° 58 ′ 13 ″ N , 8 ° 43 ′ 11 ″ E