School name

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The school name denotes a single educational institution .

Basics

While initially local or sociological relationships were often sufficient for a name definition ( monastery school , village school , elementary school , princely school , etc.), the development of the educational system and the associated increase in the number of schools also brought about a differentiation of school names.

Some school names are programmatic dedications coined by the school authority . School names are often associated with a personal name as an honorary name , a school patron . You can represent the school authority itself, historically a donor , or a school reformer . School names often refer to a role model that was either related to the individual school or whose ideas, fate or achievements make adopting the name appear justified (politicians, artists, leading figures of the religions). Here the patron represents a pedagogical model of the school. Schools were also named after patrons or sponsors . There is also a broad range of religious schools and other religious educational institutions, according to the Heiligenpatrozinien named the relevant school holder.

School names often change in the course of political changes. The development of local intellectual history can be observed in part from the change in such names .

Modern developments

In general, a sustained tendency away from the general regional association of a school name ("Gymnasium der Stadt NN.") To personal patronage can be observed in Central Europe:

“Fritz Halverscheid did a lot for the school, the students and also for the city as a whole. If not Halverscheid, who will? In addition, 'Gymnasium der Stadt Gevelsberg' is a household name and probably offers the least identification "

This is also reflected in the headlines of discussions about school names such as Strengthening identification with names .

Such statements are to be seen in the context that schools are “ service providers ” that have to compete for the declining number of pupils in the low birth classes after the 1970s ( pill kink ) and the unbroken further decline in young people in the total population. Here the school name in the sense of a corporate identity , but also a mission statement (school motto) as the “ preamble ” of the curriculum, makes its contribution to giving the school a concise and more attractive profile.

National

Germany

In general, a school name is made up of the type of school with additional regulations, the location of the school (usually the municipality ), and optionally the school name , and must in principle differentiate the school from other local schools.

history

In Germany, in the National Socialist period 1933–1945, politically unpopular school patronyms were erased and eponyms of National Socialist leading figures were used. "That was the name of the [Jena] north school after Adolf Hitler , the east school after Fritz Wächtler , the Jenaplan school after Wilhelm Frick [...]".

The GDR followed a similar pattern , with the assignment of names being partly extended beyond the school to include the classrooms. "The [...] Goethe School in the city of Nauen gave its classrooms the following names: Kollwitz, Geyer, Mao, Marx, Seghers, Luxembourg [...]".

The discussion about the Friedrich-Flick-Gymnasium (dismantled in 2008) caused a stir throughout Germany , and other schools became a political issue.

distribution

In Germany, Geschwister-Scholl-Schule is the most common school name. It follows as a sponsor

Legal Regulations

The school laws of the federal states regulate the allocation of school names in Germany.

  • Lower Saxony : "The designation to be used in correspondence and in the certificates must always include the designation of the school type and the name of the community or, in the case of vocational schools, the words 'Berufsbildende Schule' and the name of the Municipality or district included. The school name can be included in the school name. ”The procedure is regulated in Section 107 of the Lower Saxony School Act (NSchG)
  • North Rhine-Westphalia : “Every school has a name that specifies the school authority, the type of school and the school level. In the case of elementary schools and secondary schools, the type of school must also be specified. Vocational colleges with courses that lead to a general higher education entrance qualification in accordance with Section 22, Paragraph 5, may have the addition “Vocational Gymnasium”. The name of the school must be different from other schools in the same location. This also applies to substitute schools, which must also be identifiable as such. "( NRW School Act § 6 )
  • Saxony : Special rules apply to Dresden ( guidelines for naming schools ), where an administrative name (entered in the establishment register of the Free State of Saxony ) indicates the type of school, if there are several schools of the same type, the school number (for elementary and secondary schools) or the subject area or the professional field (for vocational School centers), in the case of grammar schools it is permissible to add names of districts or districts. The principle is: “The choice of a special proper name is possible, but not mandatory. When choosing a name that is tied to people, both private naming and personal rights must be taken into account. "

Austria

In Austria, the name of a public school is generally made up of the type of school or the type of school in the education system (except in official documents it is mostly abbreviated as VS ... Volksschule , HS ... Hauptschule , BG ... Bundesgymnasium , ORG ... Oberstufenrealgymnasium , HTL ... Höhere Technische Lehranstalt, etc. .) and the place ( municipality or town , in cities also districts or streets / squares). Are to Posted by schools as part of the typical Austria school autonomy of schools holder selected proper nouns: These include only names Patronanzen.

Examples of a full school name: HTBLuVA Vienna 5 Spengergasse (type of school + closer place name), Aufbaugymnasium Hollabrunn (closer school type + place name), Camillo Sitte Lehranstalt - HTBLuVA Vienna III (name patronage + school type + place), Linz International School Auhof or boarding school for skiers, ski school Stams (each with a closer focus), Sir Karl Popper School (school trial at Wiedner Gymnasium) Bischöfliches Gymnasium Petrinum (private public school)

School patronage - apart from even older religious schools - has a long tradition in Austria and goes back to the reforms of the times of Maria Theresa and Joseph II ( Theresianum , Josephinum ) . Names of the 19th century mostly refer to sovereigns, technicians or school reformers who founded the schools, modern names also include people from politics and business, as well as the scientists, philosophers and artists who play an important role in Austria's self-image and image . In addition, since joining the EU in 1994/95, the name European school in honor of a united Europe has become popular.

In Austria there are over 200 schools (from elementary schools to higher schools to school branches and school trials ) that have the patronage of a person or of Europe.

Legal Regulations

The designation of a public school is regulated in Section II of the School Organization Act (SchOG 1962, as amended by the amendment to the School Organization Act 2005) (SchOG).

“Accordingly, the school name must always contain the type of school and the location. In addition, the school owner can provide a more detailed location designation and / or a name of a well-known personality for the school name. Schools are enabled to specify an addition to the school type designation in curriculum provisions that have been changed independently of the school with regard to their focus. The schools can also include a reference to a school attempt in the school name. The name may only contain a reference to a focus or a school experiment. "

The basic stipulation of the exceptions with regard to "names similar to names" are in § 130  SchOG. Private schools are completely free to choose a name, provided they do not violate any higher rights (personal rights, decency, etc.).

literature

  • Herbert Altrichter, Martin Heinrich, Katharina Soukup-Altrichter: School development through school profiling ?: To change coordination mechanisms in the school system. Volume 8 of Educational Governance . Verlag Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-531-16671-1 .

Web links

Germany:

Austria:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ derwesten.de: Conflict-about-school-names-swells-on .
  2. ↑ merkur-online.de: Strengthen identification with names .
  3. ↑ Volker Dörfler: Service enterprise school: consequences for the educational management . In: Forum Educational Sciences . tape 6 . Martin Meidenbauer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-89975-630-2 , 3.5.6 Area 5: Public Relations , p. 189 ff .
  4. ^ Dörfler: 2007 . S. 39 .
  5. ^ Elmar Philipp, Hans-Günter Rolff: Develop school programs and models . Basic Library Lessons, Beltz 2006, ISBN 978-3-407-25426-9 .
  6. ↑ Geralf Gemser: "Our namesake" - resistance, persecution and conformity 1933-1945 in the mirror image of today's school names . AVM, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-89975-872-6 .
  7. ↑ a b Johanna Singer: Hero cult and love of home. Street names and names of honor in the official memory of the GDR . Christoph Links, Berlin 2006, ISBN 978-3-86153-398-6 .
  8. ↑ singer. P. 71.
  9. ^ Catherine Plum: Contested Namesakes: East Berlin School Names under Communism and in Reunified Germany . In: History of Education Quarterly . Vol. 45, No. 4 , January 22, 2007, p. 625-635 .
  10. ↑ Singer, p. 170
  11. ^ Feuchtwanger.de : The Municipal Lion Feuchtwanger Gymnasium in Munich. The naming as a political issue ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.feuchtwanger.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . (pdf; 277 kB)
  12. ↑ Döbelner Allgemeine: The late revenge of the losers  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . (pdf; 1.1 MB)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / ubw-waldheim.de  
  13. ^ Spiegel.de: Dispute over Astrid Lindgren School. Lörrach's fear of Pippi's anarchic image . Spiegel-online, December 1, 2003
  14. ↑ peter-wagner: What was the name of your school? Who should you name one after? In: Tagesticker. sueddeutsche.de, September 9, 2008, accessed on March 2, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Quote Wolfgang Deffner: naming schools. State school authority of Lower Saxony, September 23, 2009, accessed on May 14, 2010 .
  16. ↑ Guideline of the state capital Dresden on naming schools (guideline naming schools) of September 27, 1996. Published in the Dresden Official Gazette No. 41/96 of October 10, 1996
  17. ↑ Guideline for naming schools 3 principles
  18. ↑ a b Explanations of the Compulsory School Organization Implementation Act, Re. 3 ,verwaltung.steiermark.at (pdf, p. 4)
  19. ↑ This name is legally permissible due to the interpretation of the extended provisions on the "closer location designation" in the Compulsory School Organization Implementation Act.
  20. ↑ Weblink Pratscher: European schools ...
  21. ↑ School Law Package 2005, Federal Law Gazette I No. 91/2005 and 2nd School Law Package 2005 , Federal Law Gazette I No. 20/2006