Schwarzenburger (noble family)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Schwarzenburg coat of arms

The Schwarzenburgs were a noble family from Upper Palatinate who had their headquarters, the Schwarzenburg , near Rötz . In her coat of arms is a split zigzag bar.

Older line

Heinrich von Schwarzenburg appears as a witness in a donation to the St. Emmeram monastery in Regensburg, dated between 1048 and 1060. The best-known of the older Schwarzenburgs with importance across the empire is Archbishop Friedrich I of Cologne (Sedenzzeit 1100–1131). Friedrich probably had two brothers named Babo and Heinrich, who are named in a forged document from 1119. In an unsuspicious document from 1152, Bishop Arnold II mentions that two of his brothers were buried next to him in Friedrich's house monastery, Michaelsberg Abbey in Siegburg. Another brother was at the Schwarzenburg. Archbishop Friedrich's daughter Margarethe was referred to Count Adolf von Saffenberg. Abbot Pabo von Deutz (Cologne) / St. Emmeram (Regensburg is referred to as the uncle ("avunculus") of Archbishop Friedrich in the old abbot list of Deutz Abbey. The family of these Schwarzenburgs ends in 1147/1148 with Berthold II of Schwarzenburg , who fell during the Second Crusade . The name of the brother of Bishop Friedrich I. auf der Schwarzenburg, probably father of Berthold (II.) and Margarethe, is not clearly attributable in any source.Furthermore, there is a genealogical gap between the first-mentioned Heinrich and the generation of Prince-Bishop Friedrich I and his brothers, without Berthold I. von Schwarzenburg, which is often mentioned in the literature and family tables, is based on genealogical combinations by Franz Tyroller, without currently a single clear name evidence from unambiguous sources.

Younger line

Only about 100 years later does a Herr von Schwarzenburg appear again as a witness in a deed of donation for the Pielenhofen Monastery in March 1240. There is no evidence from sources for a family connection to the older Schwarzenburgers. The division of Bavaria between Ludwig II. And Heinrich von Wittelsbach in 1255 meant that the rule of Rötz, including the Schwarzenburg, fell to Duke Heinrich of the Duchy of Lower Bavaria . This put a Reinbot († after 1260) to the manager of the nursing office Rötz and the Schwarzenburg, who called himself von Schwarzenburg from then on (the coat of arms of the earlier Schwarzenburgs was adopted with smaller variations). He is known for a dispute with Bishop Albert I of Regenburg , as he had illegally withheld the tithe from St. Catherine 's Hospital. On January 9, 1256, he compared himself with the bishop and assured him that in the future he would help him to collect the tithe. In 1259 he prescribes a forest in the Holzleiten for the hospital as a soul device . In 1261 he appeared as a seal witness when Adelheide von Plerberg assigned a farm to Premeischel, one to Diepoldsried and one to Güttenberg to Schönthal monastery . "Fridericus Rimboto de Swarzenburch et filius suus Chonradus" are also mentioned among the seal witnesses. Chunrad von Schwarzenburg was also named in 1344 as a benefactor of the monastery. Conrad von Schwarzenburg is referred to as Duke Heinrich's servant in Lower Bavaria .

Seal of Konrad von Schwarzenburg on documents of the Schönthal monastery from 1271 and 1284

Bruck became the administrative center for the possessions of the convent between Nittenau and Cham, with a provost office from which the foundation property was administered. With the Nittenau bailiwick, the Reich ministerial family of these Schwarzenburgs was enfeoffed by Duke Ludwig II . A Sifridus von Schwarzenburg , who is documented from 1309 to 1332, is named as the first provost . From 1343 to 1362 his son Konrad was certified as Probst zu Bruck. His son Albrecht followed in 1363 and in 1369 this office passed to an Ott Dürner .

The Schwarzenburgs also owned the castle estate in Bruck. Reinboto de Schwarzenburg is also referred to as "ministerialis imperii" (Reichsministeriale) in 1260. According to the Bamberg fief book of 1306, Reinbot von Schwarzenburg had also been enfeoffed with the Bruck forest; on April 25, 1343 Reinbot the boy succeeded him in this office.

Reimbot I's sons Konrad and Reimbot II were the next to come into possession of the Schwarzenburg inheritance. Konrad was married to a woman from Paulsdorf . The other two sons Heinrich and Ulrich embarked on a spiritual career. Heinrich was first pastor in Rötz, then canon in Regensburg and finally provost in Spalt . Ulrich was canon in Regensburg. Ulrich von Schwarzenburg gave presents to the monastery in 1317 , the brothers Reinboto and Seifried appear as witnesses to the seal . With the knowledge of his brothers Konrad and Reimbot II, Heinrich sells the Möhring estate to the St. Klara monastery in Munich. Konrad von Schwarzenburg appears repeatedly as a seal witness (e.g. in 1263 because of disputed possessions between the Bishop of Regensburg and the Count of Moosburg or in 1265 when a court in Roßbach was handed over to the Katharinenspital in Regensburg). In 1299 he gave a court in Berndorf to the prior and the convent of Schönthal. In 1300 the two brothers Konrad and Reimbot II handed over an estate to the Katharinenspital, which Konrad von Tintzing had as a fief, and the Schönthal monastery a farm and a mill in Thurau. 1300 both died.

Next in line is Reimbot III. von Schwarzenburg , son of Reimbot II. married to a von Heimberg . It also appears in various documents from the Schönthal monastery when it is donated. Bishop Konrad von Regensburg appointed him the keeper of Siegenstein , for which he received 12 pounds Regensburg pfennig. Reimbot III. had the sons Reimbot IV. Ulrich , Konrad I. Seyfried and Konrad II. Konrad I († 1352) became canon in Regensburg, the other brothers shared the administration of the paternal inheritance. Seyfried and Konrad II remained single, Reimbot IV was married and had the sons Reimbot V and Reimar . Ulrich († after 1317) was married to a Sophie , but had only one daughter. Reimbot V. was married to a Christina von Tunzenberg , in 1328 he also called himself von Kirchberg , although it can be assumed that this Hofmark came to him through his wife. In 1330 Reimbot IV. Conrad II. And Reimbot V, together with Canon Conrad I von Schwarzenburg, left the right of patronage on the parish Grafenkirchen near Pemfling to the cathedral chapter of Regensburg, which was confirmed on September 1, 1330 by Bishop Nikolaus von Regensburg . The Schwarzenburgs also put several fiefdoms back to Duke Heinrich, including the Schwarzenburg itself. In 1335 Reimbot V. sold the bailiwick of his court in Ramsberg to the Ensdorf monastery for 14 pounds , and Canon Konrad I also granted the right to fish Rötz and his annual pension from a farm belonging to his aunt Sophie von Paulsdorf . On April 25, 1343, Reymar the Younger von Schwarzenburg and his sister Agnes Bruck gave the dukes of Upper Bavaria as a fief . Ulrich der Satzenhofer , the brother-in-law of the aforementioned Reymar, and his wife Agnes von Schwarzenburg received this fief from the dukes of Upper Bavaria; on June 19, 1345 it was sold to the Count Palatine Ruprecht the Elder and Ruprecht the Younger , who made it the Bruck office.

In 1346 a Kunigunda von Schwarzenburg appears who was married to a Muracher . Her sister Agnes was the wife of the aforementioned Ulrich Sazenhofer . A Bertha von Schwarzenburg was married to the noble Oswald von Erlthal zu Waldmünchen ; she died in 1391 and with her this dynasty of the Upper Palatinate Schwarzenburg also died out.

On March 27, 1332, the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg took over the rule of Schwarzenburg-Waldmünchen against redemption from the Bavarian duke. 1379–1390 Muracher is named as the keeper of Schwarzenburg Doberhoz .

Tribe list of the older line of Schwarzenburg

NN

  1. Heinrich von Schwarzenburg († 1050) ⚭ Adelheid von Riedenburg
    1. Berthold I von Schwarzenburg († before 1104) ⚭ Richgard (Richardis) II. Von Sponheim († around 1112) (parents: Engelbert I von Spanheim († 1096) ⚭ Hedwig von Sachsen († 1112)), ⚭ 2nd marriage Poppo von Weimar , Count of Istria († 1101), ⚭ 3rd marriage to Eberhard von Dießen
      1. Friedrich I of Schwarzenburg (around 1077 - 1131), Archbishop of Cologne
      2. Engelbert von Schwarzenburg (* 1080) ⚭ NN (from Styria)
        1. Mathilde von Schwarzenburg († 1160), Countess of Champagne ⚭ Theobald II of Champagne (five sons and six daughters)
        2. Ida von Schwarzenburg († 1178), Countess von Nevers ⚭ 1127/30 Wilhelm III. von Nevers (two sons died before her, the granddaughter bequeathed the county to the Dukes of Burgundy)
        3. Margarethe von Schwarzenburg († 1148), Countess von Saffenberg ⚭ Count Adolf von Saffenberg
        4. Engelbert von Eberstein († 1141) ⚭ Uta von Passau
        5. Berthold II of Schwarzenburg († Sept. 1147/1148), killed in the 2nd crusade , ultimus familiae
      3. Luitgard von Schwarzenburg ⚭ Friedrich III. from Bogen-Windberg
        1. Adalbert von Windberg-Bogen
        2. Heinrich IV. Von Bogen, Domvogt

Tribe list of the younger line from Schwarzenburg

NN

  1. Reinbot († after 1260), administrator of the Rötz nursing office, 1260 "ministerialis imperii"
    1. Chunrad von Schwarzenburg, Duke Heinrich's servant in Lower Bavaria
    2. Reinbot the boy
      1. Konrad ⚭ Sophie Paulsdorferin († 1300)
      2. Heinrich, canon in Regensburg and most recently provost in Spalt († 1300)
      3. Ulrich, canon in Regensburg
      4. Seifried (???)
      5. Reimbot II.
        1. Reimbot III. from Schwarzenburg ⚭ NN from Heimberg
          1. Ulrich († after 1317) ⚭ Sophie NN
          2. Konrad I († 1352), Canon in Regensburg
          3. Seyfried (died unmarried)
          4. Konrad II. (Died unmarried)
          5. Reimbot IV.
            1. Reimbot V. ⚭ Christina von Tunzenberg
            2. Reimar
            3. Agnes ⚭ Ulrich the Satzenhofer
            4. Kunigunda von Schwarzenburg ⚭ NN Muracher
            5. Bertha von Schwarzenburg († 1391) ⚭ Noble Oswald von Erlthal zu Waldmünchen

literature

  • Johann Paulus: History of the Schwarzenburg. Blackwihrbergverein Rötz eV, Waldmünchen 1964.
  • Otto Titan von Hefner, Gustav Adelbert Seyler: The coat of arms of the Bavarian nobility. Repro. J. Siebmacher's large book of arms. II. Volume. Nuremberg 1856 Volume 22, Bauer & Raspe, Neustadt an der Aisch, 1971, ISBN 3-87947-022-7 .
  • Philipp Jedelhauser: The noble free from Schwarzenburg near Rötz (approx. 1054–1148). In: Negotiations of the Historical Association for Upper Palatinate and Regensburg, Volume 156, Regensburg 2016, pp. 95–123 (especially the treatment of the older Schwarzenburgs in the text, the above list of the main sources is not discussed)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ These are to be distinguished from the Swabian nobility of the same name, the Schwarzenburgs, who had a castle with two battlements as their coat of arms and a round hat with two bull horns as their helmet.
  2. ↑ Historical Atlas of Bavaria, Altbayern Series I, Issue 44: Roding, the maintenance offices Wetterfeld and Bruck. Munich, Commission for Bavarian State History, 1976, pp. 37 and 43f.
  3. ↑ Emma Mages: Oberviechtach . In: Historical Atlas of Bavaria , part of Old Bavaria . Series I, issue 61. Komm. Für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7696-9693-X , p. 9 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Johann Paulus, 1964. This genealogical list is not secure.
  5. ^ Johann Paulus: History of the Schwarzenburg. Blackwihrbergverein Rötz eV, Waldmünchen 1964.