Sergei Alexandrovich Esenin

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Jessenin in 1925, shortly before his death

Sergei Yesenin ( Russian Сергей Александрович Есенин , scientific. Transliteration Sergei Aleksandrovich Esenin ; September 21 * . Jul / 3. October  1895 greg. In Konstantinovo , Ryazan Governorate , Russian Empire ; †  28 December 1925 in Leningrad ) was a Russian poet who is counted among the best and at the same time most popular poets in Russia. He died by suicide at the age of 30.

life and work

Sergei Esenin was born into a family of farm workers and spent most of his childhood with his grandparents. He started poetry at the age of nine. Because of his rural origins, Esenin saw himself as a "village poet" and dealt with life in the countryside and in the villages in many works.

After abandoning his training at the boarding school of a church school, he went to Moscow in 1912 , where he first worked in a bookstore and in 1913 began studying the humanities. In 1915 he moved to Saint Petersburg. In 1916 he published his first volume of poetry. In the same year he was drafted into the military. Esenin initially supported the October Revolution , but was disappointed with the results of the Russian Revolution and later turned away from it. Large parts of his work were banned in the Soviet Union , especially during the time of Stalin .

Jessenin in 1923 with Isadora Duncan

In 1921 he toured the Asian part of the Soviet Union, visited the Urals and Orenburg , stayed in Tashkent in May and spent a short time in Samarkand . In October of the same year he met Isadora Duncan . From May 1922 to August 1923 he was married to the much older dancer; during this time he accompanied her on her tours. He attracted international attention with his vandalism in hotel rooms. He also reflected his alcoholism in his poems, in which he was under no illusions about himself. According to the writer Ilja Ehrenburg , he was also addicted to fame and often close to madness. He was bad at talking about the well-known and provocative poet Vladimir Mayakovsky . From 1924 to 1925, Yesenin visited Azerbaijan and lived in Mardakjan, a suburb of Baku . After visiting a legendary circle of artists in Moscow in the early 1920s, he broke off his relationship with Anatoli Marienhof , a leading exponent of imaginism , in 1924 .

Esenin was married four times. His son Yuri, from his first marriage to Anna Isryadnova , was shot in 1937 during the Stalin Purge . With Sinaida Reich , with whom he was married from 1917 to 1921, he had the daughter Tatjana and the son Konstantin. He also fathered the important mathematician and dissident Alexander Jessenin-Wolpin out of wedlock with the poet Nadeschda Wolpin . According to Isadora Duncan , Yessenin married Sofia Tolstaya , Leo Tolstoy's granddaughter, in October 1925 . A month later she arranged for him to be admitted to a psychiatric clinic in Moscow.

death

Sergei Esenin committed suicide on December 28, 1925 in a room in the Angleterre Hotel in Leningrad. Shortly before his death, he wrote the following farewell poem with his own blood:

Friend, goodbye. My friend, goodbye.
Unforgettable, I don't forget anything.
Predestined, that's how it was, you know this going.
Since it was so: a reunion promises.
Hand and word? No, let - why talk more?
Don't worry and don't get so pale.
Dying - well, I know it has happened before;
but: there was also life once.

The journalist Galina Benislavskaja , who was a friend of Yesenin's and who he employed as his literary secretary, killed herself at Yessenin's grave a year after Yesenin's death.

Since the 1980s, the assumption has been circulating that he did not die by his own hand, but was murdered by GPU agents.

At the documenta 8 in Kassel in 1987 , recordings of him were shown as an official contribution to the exhibition as part of the “Archeology of Acoustic Art 1: Radiofonia Futurista”. Mount Yesenin in Antarctica has been named after him since the 1960s . The main outer belt asteroid (2576) Yesenin was named after him.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Sergei Yesenin  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Ehrenburg's 1962 memoir
  2. ↑ Translation by Paul Celan , original in Russian: До свиданья, друг мой, до свиданья. Милый мой, ты у меня в груди. Предназначенное расставанье Обещает встречу впереди. До свиданья, друг мой, без руки, без слова, Не грусти и не печаль бровей, В этой жиизнй, без жизнй, ной жизни умиратьн, жизни умирать.
  3. ^ Lutz D. Schmadel : Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . Fifth Revised and Enlarged Edition. Ed .: Lutz D. Schmadel. 5th edition. Springer Verlag , Berlin , Heidelberg 2003, ISBN 978-3-540-29925-7 , pp.  186 (English, 992 pp., Link.springer.com [ONLINE; accessed on 23 August 2019] Original title: Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . First edition: Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg 1992): “1974 QL. Discovered 1974 Aug. 17 by LV Zhuravleva at Nauchnyj. "
personal data
SURNAME Esenin, Sergei Alexandrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sergej Alexandrovič Esenin; Есенин, Сергей Александрович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian poet
DATE OF BIRTH October 3, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Konstantinowo , Ryazan Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1925
Place of death Leningrad , Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic , Soviet Union