Seti II

Name of Seti II
Upper part of a statue of Seti II of unknown origin; National Archaeological Museum of Florence
Horus name	Kanacht-werpehti (Ka nechet wer pehti) K3-nḫt-wr-pḥ.tj Strong bull, with great strength
Sideline	Nechet-chepesch-der-pedjet-9 Nḫt-ḫpš-dr-pḏt-9 With a strong punch that conquers the nine bows
Gold name	Aa-neru-em-tau-nebu ˁ3-nrw-m-t3.w-nb.w The fear causes in all countries
Throne name	User-cheperu-Re-setep-en-Re Wsr-ḫpr.w-Rˁ-stp-n-Rˁ With strong appearances of the Re , chosen one of the Re
Proper name	Setechimerienptah (Setechi meri en Ptah) Stẖj mrj n Ptḥ Seth , lover of Ptah

Seti II was the 6th ancient Egyptian king ( Pharaoh ) of the 19th Dynasty ( New Kingdom ). If he is to be regarded as the direct successor of Merenptah , he would have had from 1204 to 1198 BC. Ruled. With an independent government of Amenmesse the reign would only be from 1200 to 1198 BC. Chr.

Origin and family

There are differing views in research about the descent from Seti II. The majority of researchers equate him with Sethos-Merenptah , the second-born son of Merenptah. For example, after Schlögl, King Merenptah died in 1203 BC. In his 10th year of reign and his son and Crown Prince Sethos-Merenptah was the direct successor, who was named Sethos II from 1203 to 1196 BC. Ruled. Also Tyldesley writes that Merenptah, who died after 10 years on the throne, his son Seti Merneptah, son of Isetnofret (at Tyldesley: Isetnofret II.), Had appointed heir to the throne. This was therefore considered the "heir of both countries, commander-in-chief and oldest prince".

Investigations on the mummy of Seti II, however, seem to suggest that he was not related to the ruling house of the 19th dynasty.

There is also uncertainty about his wives and children. His great royal wife was Tausret . Another wife was Tachat . The only known child of Seti II is a prince named Seti-Merenptah who died early . His mother is unknown. According to Tyldesley, Seti II had a total of two sons. An early deceased prince named Sethi-Merenptah and the later heir to the throne Ramses-Siptah , who only called himself Merenptah-Siptah as King Siptah from the third year of the throne .

Amenmesse , who ruled for some time as the anti-king of Seti II, was possibly also his son. This is indicated by a statue of Tachat in Karnak , on which the word “mother” was subsequently replaced by “wife” in a title. The fact that Tachat was both mother of Amenmesses and wife of Seti II can mean on the one hand that Setus was Amenmesses father, but also indicate a political marriage after the fall of Amenmesses.

Reign

The government of Seti II is inextricably linked with the rule of Amenmesse . According to Schlögl, Amenmesse was a grandson of Ramses II and, under Merenptah, Viceroy of Kush , who revolted against Seti II and invaded Upper Egypt . Even after Tyldesley, Amenmesse was a usurper , probably as a descendant of Ramses II a member of the royal family and possibly identical with Messui , the viceroy of Kush. Seti II therefore destroyed the cartouches of Amenmesses and took over his grave ( KV15 ).

The length of the reign of Seti II is also controversial. If, however, Amenmesse is seen as the viceroy of Kush , Messui, who was occupied under Merenptah and briefly under Seti II , who ruled over Upper Egypt as the antagonist to Seti II and whose four-year reign would then not have to be counted chronologically, Seti II would be the direct successor to Merenptah. Thus a reign of 5 years and 10 months would be assumed.

Northern vizier under Seti II in Memphis was Hori . Preserved buildings from the reign of Seti II are a barque station for the gods Amun , Mut and Chons , the Theban triad , in Karnak and a small obelisk in front of the first pylon of the Karnak temple . The Papyrus d'Orbiney with the two brothers tale , which is now in the British Museum , also dates from the time of the king.

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  Oblisk of Seti II in front of the Karnak Temple

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  Barque chapel of Seti II in the first courtyard of the Karnak Temple

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  Head of the mummy of Seti II.

death

Seti II died between the 28th Achet IV and the 19th Peret I apparently in Pi-Ramesse . In the seventh year of Queen Tausret he was reburied in her grave ( KV14 ) and reburied in the original grave ( KV15 ) after Sethnacht came to power .

Succession

When Seti II died in Pi-Ramesse, after Schlögl the 14-year-old son Siptah (1196–1190 BC) inherited the throne as the child of a Syrian concubine, with Tausret initially taking over the regency. From the 3rd year of reign he called himself Merenptah-Siptah, but died in the 6th year of reign and Tausret then took the royal dignity. Even after Thomas Schneider , Sethos' successor Siptah was possibly his son of a Syrian concubine named Sutiraja .

According to another opinion, the successor Siptah could also have been a son of Amenmesse. This is indicated by a destroyed statue in the State Collection of Egyptian Art in Munich . On this Siptah sits on the lap of his completely destroyed father. Such a Damnatio memoriae is only plausible for Amenmesse.

literature

• Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Egyptian Pharaohs. Volume I: Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty (3300-1069 BC). Bannerstone Press, London 2008, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9 , pp. 414-416.
• Erik Hornung : The New Kingdom. In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , p. 212: Sety II. ( Digitized version ).
• Ahmed el-Sawi: A Limestone Statue of Sety II, from Jwn - (Heliopolis). In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute, Cairo Department. (MDAIK). Vol. 46, 1990, ISSN  0342-1279 , pp. 337-340.
• Hermann A. Schlögl : Ancient Egypt. History and culture from the early days to Cleopatra. Beck, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-406-54988-8 .
• Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , pp. 272-273.

Web links

Commons : Seti II  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Aidan Dodson , Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. The American University in Cairo Press, London 2004, ISBN 977-424-878-3 , pp. 177-178, 182-183.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Hermann A. Schlögl: The old Egypt. History and culture from the early days to Cleopatra. Munich 2006, p. 296 The Ramesside time.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Joyce Tyldesley , Birgit Lamerz-Beckschäfer: The Pharaohs. Egypt's most important ruler in 30 dynasties (= National Geographic history. ). National Geographic Germany, Hamburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86690-114-8 , p. 164.
4. ^ Edward F. Wente, James E. Harris: Royal Mummies of the Eighteenth Dynasty. A Biologic and Egyptological Approach. In: CN Reeves (ed.): After Tutankhamun. Research and Excavation in the Royal Necropolis at Thebes. Kegan Paul, London 1992, ISBN 0-7103-0406-4 , pp. 2-20.
5. ^ Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London 2004, pp. 178, 183.
6. ^ Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London 2004, pp. 178-180, 183.
7. ^ Hermann A. Schlögl: The old Egypt. History and culture from the early days to Cleopatra. Munich 2006, p. 299.
8. ^ Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 275.
9. ^ Aidan Dodson, Dyan Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. London 2004, pp. 178, 181.

predecessor	Office	successor
Amenmesse	Pharaoh of Egypt 19th Dynasty	Siptah