Sigmund von Reischach

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Sigmund von Reischach Litho

Sigmund (Sigismund) Freiherr von Reischach (born February 10, 1809 in Vienna ; † November 13, 1878 ibid) was an Imperial and Royal Chamberlain , Privy Councilor , Feldzeugmeister , Theresa Knight and owner of Infantry Regiment No. 21 as well as Bailli , envoy and authorized minister of the Order of Malta at the imperial court in Vienna.

Origin and family

Sigmund came from the old aristocratic family Reischach and was the third born son of the Imperial and Royal Field Marshal Lieutenant (November 6, 1830) and Court Master Archduke Ludwig, Judas Thaddäus (* December 8, 1776; † May 12, 1839) from his marriage to Countess Maria Caroline Kollonitz von Kollograd * (March 26, 1769 - July 29, 1826). He remained unmarried and childless.

biography

Bust of Sigismund Freiherrn von Reischach, Heldenberg Memorial
Surrender of the Hungarian army at Világos, 1849

Reischach joined the 4th Jäger Battalion as a sub-lieutenant in 1828. In March 1831 he was promoted to first lieutenant in the Count Haugwitz Infantry Regiment No. 38, and in September 1835 to captain 1st class in the Kaiser-Alexander-Infantry, the baron, who had previously been appointed Knight of St. John, was appointed chamberlain in 1837, and in the latter capacity has been used in many ways. He was assigned to the Sicilian King Ferdinand II and the Russian heir to the throne Alexander during their stay in Vienna, then sent to London to accede to the throne of Queen Victoria of England and to St. Petersburg to marry the Russian heir to the throne . In 1836 he received the Knight's Cross of the Royal Sicilian Order of St. Ferdinand, in 1839 the Imperial Russian Order of St. Vladimir 4th Class, and the Commander's Cross of the Order of St. John.

On June 18, 1841, he was promoted to major in the Baron Paumgartten Infantry Regiment No. 21 and in October of the same year transferred to Infantry Regiment No. 15, at the same time awarded the Imperial Russian Order of St. Stanislaus 2nd Class. September 1844 to lieutenant colonel . On September 11, 1846, at the age of only 37, he was appointed Colonel and Commander of the Prohaska Infantry Regiment No. 7, with which he participated in the Italian campaign of 1848 and 1849 and already in the street fights of Milan and in battle of Santa Lucia showed his bravery.

His deed at Santa Lucia was exceeded by that at Montanara on May 29, 1848. Montanara was strongly fortified and defended in front of the entrance by a field ramp with five guns. The enemy had repulsed all attacks until a detachment of his regiment had managed to storm the cemetery and establish themselves there. From there the Colonel took house by house with a column of assaults, and in a bitter skirmish and under fierce enemy fire the whole place, made over 120 prisoners, captured three flags along with many hundreds of weapons and rifles. For this heroic deed, which offered the army an extremely important base for the achievement of victory, he was appointed a knight of the Maria Theresa Order at the request of the chapter of the order. The officer fought just as bravely in the meeting at Goito and in the storming of Vicenza , where he was wounded, which did not prevent him from taking a most honorable part in the days at Sona, Sommacampagna and Custozza as well as in the battle with his regiment in front of Milan.

Battle of Magenta, 1859

After the victorious second campaign against Piedmont, Reischach was promoted to major general on April 30, 1849 and received a brigade with the 1st Army Corps in Hungary. During the Hungarian campaign in 1849, too , he distinguished himself through personal bravery and resolute leadership of his troops, especially off Komorn on July 2nd, where he was advancing on the left wing of the 1st Army Corps along the Danube , despite counter-orders, the enemy He attacked entrenchments on the Sandberg near the bridgehead and in a short time took three entrenchments, captured three artillery pieces and a mortar and took around 60 prisoners. In the same way, he distinguished himself in the battle at Dreispitz. In the more distant events this excellent corps was used very effectively until the surrender of the Hungarians under General Artúr Görgey after the battle of Világos on August 13th of that year. As proof of the utmost recognition of his services, the officer was decorated with the Imperial and Royal Military Merit Cross, the Imperial Russian Order of St. Anne, 1st Class and several other high orders from abroad Army Corps appointed. Furthermore, the emperor distinguished him on January 30th, 1857 by being awarded Infantry Regiment No. 21. In the Italian campaign of 1859 , the Reischach division drove the French guard back across the Naviglio three times . The general was seriously wounded in the Battle of Magenta and was then awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Leopold. Yet appointed during the campaign as commander of the 13th Corps and on September 9, 1859 disposability added, he was awarded the Council on 20 December of the year the dignity of a secret.

The Imperial and Royal Chamberlain, holder of the Grand Cross and Commander of the Order of Malta, retired on June 24, 1862 at his own request and was honored with the title of Feldzeugmeister ad honores on February 28, 1873. In the Heldenberg memorial there is a monument for him among the busts of the personalities of the Italian campaign of 1848–1849, which shows him in his rank of colonel at the time.

Awards

Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresa Order

Summary of a selection of his orders:

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the Counts of Reischach

1724: In a silver shield the head and trunk of a black boar's head with a golden bristle comb, silver fangs and a red tongue. This head and neck are repeated growing on the crowned, open helmet with a black and silver cover. The count's coat of arms from 1810 shown on the right is identical to the baronial one, only the latter has a five-pearl crown. According to Wurzbach, the count's coat of arms is actually squared.

literature

Web links

Commons : Sigmund von Reischach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: The kk or kuk generals 1618-1815. Austrian State Archives, 1906, p. 80.
  2. ↑ a b Joseph Strack: The generals of the Austrian army: after kk field files and other printed sources. Published by Joseph Keck and Son, Vienna 1850, p. 645 ff.
  3. ↑ a b C. A. Schweigerd: Austria's heroes and military leaders: from Maximilian I to the present day. Volume 3, part 2, Verlags-Comptoir, Wurzen 1855, p. 1182.
  4. ↑ a b neue-deutsche-biographie.de
  5. ↑ a b c Antonio Schmidt-Brentano: The kk or kuk generals 1816-1918. Austrian State Archives, 1907, p. 149.
  6. ^ Leonhard Dorst von Schatzberg: Württembergisches Wappenbuch or the arms of the immatriculated nobility in the Kingdom of Württemberg. Publishing house by Ch. Graeger, Halle a d. Saale, p. 37, no. 129.
personal data
SURNAME Reischach, Sigmund von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reischach, Sigmund Freiherr von (full name); Reischach, Sigismund Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian officer and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH November 13, 1878
Place of death Vienna