Heldenberg Memorial

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Column hall and the two victory columns of the memorial

The Heldenberg Memorial in Lower Austria is home to statues and busts of Austrian rulers and members of the military. It was built in 1849 by Joseph Pargfrieder in his castle park near Kleinwetzdorf ( Heldenberg municipality ).

history

Joseph Gottfried Pargfrieder got rich by delivering food, shoes and fabrics to the army. In 1832 he bought Wetzdorf Castle . After Field Marshal Radetzky's victory at Custozza and the suppression of the uprisings in Hungary, Pargfrieder had a total of 169 statues and zinc busts of generals, military leaders, soldiers and Austrian rulers from Rudolf I to Emperor Franz Joseph erected in his palace gardens, based on the model of Walhalla .

A dormitory for military invalids (one officer and twelve soldiers) with its own crypt , the so-called lion crypt , was also built on the site . The crew would have been intended as an honor guard for the Heldenberg; however, it never came to that.

The crypt under the obelisk: resting place of Radetzky, Maximilian von Wimpffen and Joseph Pargfrieder.

Since Pargfrieder paid the debts of Field Marshal Maximilian Freiherr von Wimpffen († 1854) and Field Marshal Radetzky († 1858), they were buried in the crypt on Heldenberg, where Pargfrieder (seated!) Is also buried.

The people wrote the following mocking verse:

Here three heroes rest in eternal rest,
two fought battles, the third the Schuh.

The derision aimed at the fact that Pargfrieder, as an army supplier, also delivered shoes.

Pargfrieder, who donated the memorial to the emperor in 1858, was later elevated to the Austrian knighthood and was given the title "Knight of". He was also the holder of the Knight's Cross of the Franz Joseph Order .

The Heldenberg was handed over to the army by the Kaiser in 1908 and came into the possession of the Republic of Austria in 1918.

In 2005 the memorial was part of the Lower Austrian provincial exhibition under the theme Loud Heroes .

Monuments

They were made in the zinc casting, which was then widely used for plastics - more precisely a zinc alloy with a small amount of copper and aluminum - only four statues are made of cast iron, a comparatively more complex process. The performing artists were Anton Dietrich , Johann Baptist Feßler and Adam Rammelmayer . The casting took place in the Salm'schen and Mohrenberg'schen foundry in Blansko (Moravia). Originally the busts had a light colored surface. The current black surface was probably not applied until 1936 as part of a “restoration”.

The obelisk with the entrance to the crypt, on the right behind the group of the three Parzen
The group of the three Fates
General plan
Heldenberg Austria.jpg
 A - Grave of Feldzeugmeister Konstantin Freiherr d'Aspre (* 1789, † 1850)
B - Balustrade with 16 busts of field marshals
C - Kaiserallee with 22 busts
D - Busts of O'Donnell and Ettenreich ( Franz Joseph's lifesaver )
F - Statue of Emperor Franz Joseph
G - Obelisk and crypt
H - Heldenallee with 44 busts
I - Victory column with 24 busts of participants in the Italian campaign
K - Climate statues
L - Statue of Count Lamberg
LG - Lions' crypt with a lion in cast zinc
P - Group of the three Fates Clotho , Lachesis and Atropos
R - Still picture of Field Marshal Radetzky
U - Victory column with 24 busts of participants in the Hungarian campaign
W - Still image of Field Marshal Wimpffen
X - Neo-Gothic crucifix in cast iron

Portico

Hypostyle hall and victory column of the Italian campaign
  • Still images of four knights with closed visors on the steps
  • Busts of the generals on the steps
  1. Leopold Joseph Count Daun (1705–1766)
  2. Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663–1736)
  3. Archduke Carl Ludwig (1771–1847)
  4. Gideon Ernst Freiherr von Laudon (1717–1790)
  • Busts of the fortress commanders 1848–1849 in the vestibule
  1. Major General Heinrich Hentzi von Arthurm (1785–1849)
  2. Colonel Alois Allnoch von Edelstadt
  3. Major General Georg August von Auenfels
  4. Feldzeugmeister Johann Freiherr Berger von der Pleisse (1768–1864)
  5. Field Marshal Lieutenant Josef Freiherr von Rath
  6. Feldzeugmeister Georg Freiherr von Rukavina (1777–1849)

Balustrades next to the portico

  • Busts of the marshals on the left
  1. Laval Earl Nugent of Westmeath (1777-1862)
  2. Heinrich Graf Bellegarde (1756-1845)
  3. Johann Josef Prince Liechtenstein (1760–1836)
  4. Prince Karl Schwarzenberg (1771–1820)
  5. Friedrich Josias Prince of Coburg-Saalfeld (1737–1815)
  6. Karl Joseph Prince of Ligne (1735–1814)
  7. Archduke Ferdinand d'Este (1781–1850)
  8. Archduke Johann (1782-1859)
  • Busts of the marshals on the right
  1. Josef Alvinczi Freiherr von Berberek (1735–1810)
  2. Josef Graf Colloredo-Mels and Wallsee (1735–1818)
  3. Johann Karl Graf Kolowrat-Krakowsky (1748–1816)
  4. Carl Count Clerfayt de Croix (1733–1798)
  5. Josef Graf Ferraris (1726-1814)
  6. Andreas Graf Hadik von Futak (1711–1790)
  7. Josef Franz Moritz Count Lacy (1725–1801)
  8. Dagobert Sigismund Graf Wurmser (1724–1797)

Victory monuments

In front of each of the two balustrades are a victory column with the goddess Victoria at the top and busts of excellent officers and soldiers. In front of the left balustrade of participants in the Italian campaign (1848/49) , in front of the right of participants in the Hungarian campaign of 1848–1849 . Each of the 24 busts are arranged in two concentric circles, with those of holders of the Golden Medal for Bravery on the inside and those with members of the Military Maria Theresa Order on the outside .

Busts of the personalities of the Italian campaign 1848–1849

Bust of Lieutenant Field Marshal Ludwig August Ritter von Benedek
  1. Lieutenant Field Marshal Ludwig August Ritter von Benedek (1804–1881)
  2. Unterjäger Josef Rammer
  3. Chaplain J. Turinsky
  4. Soldier Johann Watzatta
  5. Field Marshal Lieutenant August Graf von Degenfeld (1798–1876)
  6. Sergeant Johann Josef Fuchs
  7. Field Marshal Lieutenant Franz Graf von Wimpffen (1797–1870)
  8. Chief Hunter Matthias Grießmayer († 1894)
  9. Colonel Karl von Kopal (1788–1848)
  10. Fireworkers F. Fickerment
  11. Captain Joseph J. Freiherr del Monte Berico Jablonski († 1876)
  12. Private Anton Mrazek
  13. Major General Friedrich von und zu Liechtenstein (1807–1885)
  14. Sergeant Josef Wagner
  15. General Karl Ritter Gorczkowski von Gorczkow (1778-1858)
  16. Lieutenant Field Marshal Karl Ritter von Schönhals (1788–1857)
  17. Field Marshal Lieutenant Eugen Graf Wratislaw
  18. Chief Medical Officer Dr. Josef Ritter von Wurzian (1806-1858)
  19. Prime Minister Felix Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (1800-1852)
  20. Head fireworker Eduard Reisinger
  21. Field Marshal Lieutenant Julius Caesar von Strassoldo (1791–1855)
  22. Sergeant Eduard Zuber Edler von Sommacampagna (* 1828)
  23. Field Marshal Lieutenant Edmund Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (1803–1873)
  24. Sergeant Johann Denkel

Busts of the personalities of the Hungarian campaign 1848–1849

Bust of Major General Wilhelm Albrecht Prince of Montenuovo
  1. Major General Wilhelm Albrecht Prince of Montenuovo (1821–1895)
  2. Sergeant Michael Reichsburg-Stumpf
  3. Field Marshal Lieutenant Balthasar Freiherr von Simunich
  4. Gunner Ignaz Krafzik
  5. Field Marshal Lieutenant Franz de Paula von und zu Liechtenstein (1802–1887)
  6. Corporal Turibus Siatecki
  7. Major General Ludwig Freiherr von Wohlgemuth (1788-1851)
  8. Soldier Andreas Hallasz
  9. Field Marshal Lieutenant Ferdinand Freiherr Mayerhofer von Grünbühl (1798–1869)
  10. Corporal Johann Geuger
  11. Colonel Sigismund Freiherr von Reischach (1809–1878)
  12. Soldier Ferdinand Scheder
  13. Lieutenant General Feodor Sergejewitsch Panyutin
  14. Lieutenant General Alexander von Lüders
  15. Lieutenant General Magnus Johann von Grotenhjelm
  16. Grand Duke Constantine of Russia (1827-1892)
  17. Major General Karl Freiherr von Zeisberg
  18. Corporal Martin Kuschlan
  19. General Stephan Knicanin
  20. Chaplain Justin Grubich
  21. General Franz Freiherr von Ottinger
  22. Constable Johann Deim
  23. General Franz Ritter von Hauslab (1798–1883) cartographer
  24. Sergeant Georg Schmidhofer

Heroes Allee

Heroes Allee
Bust of Count Johann Donat Heissler von Heitersheim
  1. Georg von Frundsberg (1473–1528)
  2. Philip the Controversial , Count Palatine near Rhine (1503–1548)
  3. Nikolaus Graf Zrinyi (1508–1566)
  4. Wilhelm Freiherr von Roggendorf (1481–1541)
  5. Ferdinand II of Tyrol , Archduke of Austria (1529–1595)
  6. Johann von Auer Ferenberger (1511–1584)
  7. Nicholas II Count Pálffy (1587–1600)
  8. Melchior Freiherr von Friedland Redern-Melch (1555–1600)
  9. Henri Duval, Count of Dampierre (1580-1620)
  10. Adolf von Schwarzenberg (1551–1600)
  11. Gottfried Heinrich Graf zu Pappenheim (1594–1632)
  12. Thomas Count Erdödy (1558–1624)
  13. Henrik Graf Holck (1599-1633)
  14. Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly (1559-1632)
  15. Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Waldstein (Wallenstein, 1583–1634)
  16. Johann Graf von Aldringen (1588–1634)
  17. Phillipp Friedrich Freiherr von Breuner (1601–1638)
  18. Nikolaus Graf Esterházy (1583–1645)
  19. Wolfgang Graf Mannsfeld (1575–1638)
  20. Matthias Gallas, Count of Campo (1588–1647)
  21. Johann Kaspar von Stadion (1567–1641)
  22. Octavio Piccolomini (1599–1656)
  23. Raimund Count Montecuccoli (1609–1680)
  24. Rudolf Count Discounta († 1688)
  25. Ludwig Raduit Count de Souches (1608–1682)
  26. Charles V Duke of Lorraine (1643–1690)
  27. Johann Graf Sporck (1601–1679)
  28. Friedrich Graf Veterani (1650–1695)
  29. Friedrich Sigmund Graf Scerfenberg († 1688)
  30. Donat Johann Heissler von Heitersheim (1648–1696)
  31. Siegmund Joachim Graf von Trautmannsdorf († 1706)
  32. Ernst Rüdiger Count of Starhemberg (1638–1701)
  33. Ludwig Wilhelm , Margrave of Baden (1655–1707)
  34. Johann Ludwig Graf von Bussy-Rabutin (1642–1717)
  35. Sigbert Graf Heister (1646-1718)
  36. Nikolaus Graf Pálffy von Erdöd (1657–1732)
  37. Claudius Florimund Count Mercy (1666–1734)
  38. Guido Graf Starhemberg (1657–1737)
  39. Karl Alexander , Duke of Württemberg (1684–1737)
  40. Johann Count Pálffy von Erdöd (1664–1751)
  41. Otto Ferdinand Count of Abensperg and Traun (1677–1748)
  42. Joseph Wenzel , Prince of Liechtenstein (1696–1772)
  43. Ludwig Andreas Count Khevenhüller (1683–1744)
  44. Franz Leopold Count of Nádasdy (1708–1783)

Kaiser Allee

Kaiser Allee
Statue of Emperor Franz Joseph I.
  • Busts on either side of the avenue
  1. Rudolf I (1218–1291)
  2. Albrecht I (1255-1308)
  3. Friedrich I the Beautiful (1289-1330)
  4. Albrecht II (1397–1439)
  5. Friedrich III. (1415–1493)
  6. Maximilian I (1459-1519)
  7. Charles V (1500–1558)
  8. Ferdinand I (1503-1564)
  9. Maximilian II (1527-1576)
  10. Rudolf II. (1552-1612)
  11. Matthias (1557-1619)
  12. Ferdinand II (1578-1637)
  13. Ferdinand III. (1608–1657)
  14. Leopold I (1640–1705)
  15. Joseph I. (1678-1711)
  16. Charles VI (1685-1740)
  17. Francis I (1708-1765)
  18. Maria Theresa (1717–1780)
  19. Joseph II (1741–1790)
  20. Leopold II (1747–1792)
  21. Francis II (1768-1835)
  22. Ferdinand I (1793-1875)
  • Still picture at the end of the Kaiserallee

Way to the lions' crypt

  1. Bust of Colonel Maximilian Graf O'Donnell
  2. Bust of Josef Ettenreich
  3. Statue of General Franz Philipp Graf von Lamberg (1791–1848)

literature

Fiction
Non-fiction
  • Lois Anvidalfarei, Hubert Prachensky : Reconciliation group on Heldenberg. Career of the three-part group of figures by Lois Anvidalfarei in the garden of Hubert Prachensky. Raggl-Druck, Innsbruck 2004.
  • Marianne host: Heimatbuch Wetzdorf. Heldenberg - Wetzdorf Castle. M. Gastgeb, Großwetzdorf 2000.
  • Daniela Hagenbüchl: The Heldenberg. Guide through the memorial in Kleinwetzdorf, Lower Austria. Municipality of Heldenberg, Großwetzdorf 2000.
  • Hubert M. Mader, Susanne Mader: The heroes from Heldenberg. Pargfrieder and his "Walhalla" of the Imperial and Royal Army. Verlag Vehling, Graz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85333-154-5 .
  • Gunther Martin: The Heldenberg. Guide through the memorial for Field Marshal Radetzky in Klein-Wetzdorf, Lower Austria. Federal Ministry for Buildings and Technology, Vienna 1972.
  • Wolfgang Müller-Funk , Georg Kugler (ed.): Time travel Heldenberg. All heroes. Verlag Berner, Horn 2005, ISBN 3-85460-225-1 (catalog for the Lower Austrian provincial exhibition of the same name).
  • Theodor Svarovsky: Heldenberg. Analysis- TU Wien Inst. For building theory, Vienna 2002.
  • Friedrich Damköhler, Josef Stefan: The Schmida - a region introduces itself. 1st edition, ISBN 978-3-200-02028-3 , pp. 159, 162/163.

Web links

Commons : Heldenberg  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Heldenberg Memorial  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "The Schmida - a region introduces itself " by Friedrich Damköhler and Josef Stefan, 1st edition, ISBN 978-3-200-02028-3 , pp. 162/163.

Coordinates: 48 ° 29 ′ 40 ″  N , 15 ° 56 ′ 30 ″  E