Andreas Hadik from Futak

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Georg Weikert : Portrait of Count Andreas Hadik von Futak (1783). Army History Museum Vienna.

Andreas Graf Hadik von Futak (in Hungarian: Futaki Hadik András gróf , in Slovak Andrej Hadík ; born October 16, 1711 in Güns , Hungary , † March 12, 1790 in the court war chancellery in Vienna ) was a soldier, a Hungarian count since 1763, an Austrian field marshal since 1777 and also since 1777 Imperial Count of the Holy Roman Empire .

biography

Early career

Andreas Hadik was born as the son of Mihály Hadik, who came from an old noble family, and Franziska Hardy (Luxembourg) and initially devoted himself to law . But he joined in 1730 at the Ghilányi Hussars in Austrian services and did already in 1735 as leader of a Streif Corps before Philippsburg out well later (1738) in the Turkish wars and the War of Austrian Succession . He took part in the victories of the Russian army in Bessarabia and in the capture of Ochakov and Bender . In 1744 he was promoted to colonel in a hussar regiment , subsequently undertook an attack on French entrenchments in Erbstadt (today: Nidderau ) and broken up a French convoy destined for Bergen op Zoom . For this and other military successes he was promoted to major general in 1748 . In 1756 he was appointed Lieutenant Field Marshal .

Seven Years War

In the Seven Years' War , Hadik took part in the victorious battle of Moys on September 7, 1757 . In October 1757 Hadik, at the head of light Hungarian and Croatian troops, about 5,000 men, undertook the famous move to Berlin , which became known as the Berlin Hussar coup . He occupied the Prussian capital for one day on October 16 (his birthday). He cleared Berlin after the city a cash payment of approximately 200,000 taler contribution had pressed and 25,000 dollars for the Force and Prince Maurice of Dessau was removed with strong troops only two hours from the city. During this move, he killed 800 defenders, captured 400 more and successfully returned to the main army with six signs of war. On September 5, 1758, he captured Pirna with its Sonnenstein fortress . In the same year Hadik was appointed General of the Cavalry by Maria Theresa .

In 1762 he took over the supreme command of the Imperial Army , initially operated successfully, but was completely defeated by Prince Heinrich of Prussia on October 29 near Freiberg in Saxony .

Governor and political office

Hadik was appointed governor of Oven , Hungary by Maria Theresia in 1763 and governor of Transylvania (civil and military governor) (civil and military governor) in 1764 (and held this office until 1767), chaired the Karlowitz Congress in 1769 , was appointed by the The ruler was awarded the title “von Futak” (after the reign of Futog in 1769 ). On February 7th, 1774 he was appointed governor of Galicia ( lands that had fallen to Austria after the first partition of Poland ). In 1774 he became Field Marshal and President of the Court War Council in Vienna and remained so until his death. In 1777 Emperor Joseph II made him Count of the Empire. In 1779 he bought the Baumgarten estate , which is now part of Vienna's 14th district . In 1789 he was appointed commander of the Austrian army in the Turkish War , but fell ill during the siege of Belgrade and ceded the command to Laudon . On February 20, 1790, he stood on the emperor's deathbed, a few weeks before his own demise.

Monument to Hadik of Futak at Buda Castle
Vintage badge "Reichsgraf Hadik" of the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt
Hussars in front of Elsterwerda Palace on the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the Berlin hussar coup by Count Hadik on October 11, 2007

Andreas Hadik von Futak died in office in Vienna on March 12, 1790 and was buried in Futak in what was then the Kingdom of Hungary , now in Serbia . He left a diary that contains valuable messages about the history of his time. Hadik was made for the little war and operated for the Austrians as Zieten did for the Prussians.

Honors, reception

On October 16, 1757 Hadik received the Grand Cross of the Maria Theresa Order for his "Berlin Hussar coup" .

In 1763 Maria Theresa raised him to the rank of Hungarian count, in 1769 he received the Hungarian rule of Futak (today Futog , Serbia ) from her , and on May 26, 1771 she awarded him the title of nobility of Futak . In 1777 he was raised to the rank of imperial count , the associated noble diploma is exhibited along with a portrait and a miniature bust of the military leader in the Army History Museum in Vienna.

The Austrian Armed Forces used the Hadik barracks in Fehring until 2015 . The 2003 decommissioned class of the Theresian Military Academy was called Reichsgraf Hadik .

The Slovak Ministry of Defense , on 1 September 2004, the newly established post-graduate Academy of Slovak armed forces after him Národná akadémia obrany maršala Andreja Hadika named - 2008 it was dissolved.

In Vienna in the 14th district Penzing the Hadikgasse (since 1894) and the Hadikpark , the Wien River opposite the former imperial summer residence Schönbrunn Palace located, named after the count.

literature

Web links

Commons : Andreas Hadik von Futak  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wurzbach , page 167 names March 5, 1758 as the date of appointment.
  2. ↑ Versch-Gruber names December 19, 1758 as the date  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.gdz-cms.de  
  3. ↑ Johann Christoph Allmayer-Beck : The Army History Museum Vienna. Hall II - The 18th Century to 1790, Salzburg 1983 p. 30.
predecessor Office successor
Franz Moritz Count von Lacy President of the Court War Council
1774–1790 		Michael Johann Count of Wallis
personal data
SURNAME Hadik from Futak, Andreas
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Futak, András Count Hadik von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian imperial count and field marshal
DATE OF BIRTH October 16, 1711
PLACE OF BIRTH Güns
DATE OF DEATH March 12, 1790
Place of death Vienna