Sophia Getzowa

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Sophia Getzowa (1937)

Sophia Getzowa ( Russian Софья Гецова * January 11 . Jul / 23. January  1872 greg. In a farmhouse in Svislach District ; † 12. July 1946 in Jerusalem ) was a Russian physician and university lecturer .

Life

Getzowa grew up in Vilnius and Gomel in the Pale of Settlement of the Jewish population and had lessons from a rabbanite , with whom she learned the Hebrew alphabet . Her mother died when she was 8 years old. She was taken in by her cousin Marie Scheindels-Kagan, who ran a school in Švenčionys and taught her Russian orthography . In 1882 she returned to Gomel and attended the new three-year Progymnasium . The eight-year high school for girls in Romny followed .

In 1895 Getzowa began studying medicine at the University of Bern . She was active in the Zionist movement and was a delegate at the 2nd Zionist Congress in Basel in 1898 . In the same year she became engaged to Chaim Weizmann and drove with him to his family in Pinsk during the summer holidays of 1898 and 1899 . Her sister Rebekka, who also studied medicine in Bern, drove with her. In 1901 she took part in the 5th Zionist Congress in Basel as a delegate of the radical democratic faction founded by Leo Motzkin and Weizmann. Weizmann had a relationship with his future wife Vera Chazmann and dissolved his engagement to Getzowa in July 1901. Getzowa's sister Rebekka died of stomach cancer on April 16, 1902 . 1904 Getzowa was with her dissertation about the thyroid of cretins and idiots to a medical doctor doctorate.

In 1905 Getzowa received an assistant position from Hans Strasser in the anatomical institute of the University of Bern and was thus the first assistant there. She examined goiter and parathyroid tissue and contributed to clarifying the origin of thyroid cancer . She then switched to Theodor Langhans (Institute for Pathology ) and worked with Carl Wegelin . Langhans completed her habilitation in 1912, after which she was a private lecturer , while Wegelin, who was seven years her junior, had already completed her habilitation in 1908 and became director of the anatomical institute.

After the outbreak of the First World War , she lost her position as a foreigner at the University of Bern in October 1915. Her former professor Ernst Hedinger got her a position at the University of Basel , which ended after 9 months. On Wegelin's recommendation, she became a prosector at the St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital . After the war she returned to Bern without finding a suitable job. In 1921 the American Putman-Jacoby Foundation enabled her to work as a freelance researcher at the Pasteur Institute in Paris . In 1924 she was able to return to Bern and work in the anatomical institute.

Already in Paris, Getzowa learned of a vacancy at Hadassah in a pathology institute in Eretz Israel . Since the financial resources were still unclear, she asked Albert Einstein and Weizmann for help. After this had been clarified, she traveled to Palestine in autumn 1925 as director of the as yet non-existent Pathological Institute at the Rothschild-Hadassah Hospital in West Jerusalem . In 1927 she became the first woman lecturer at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem . She operated in clinics in Tel Aviv-Jaffa . Orthodox Jews smashed their laboratory windows.

In 1931 Getzowa returned to Basel to see old friends again and to seek international support to complete her pathological institute. The death of her friend and supporter Motzkin in Paris led to a deep depression . In 1939 she returned to Jerusalem, where the completed Pathological Institute was part of Hadassah Hospital on Scopus . The Hebrew University of Jerusalem did not recognize her habilitation in Bern and denied her the title of professor . Getzowa turned down another habilitation in order not to neglect her work. On February 1, 1939, the university asked her to resign. After intercessions international colleagues she appointed Rector Abraham Fraenkel to Professor Emeritus .

Web links

Commons : Sophia Getzowa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Getzowa, Sophia (December 3, 1925). Curriculum vitae. Jerusalem (Hebrew University of Jerusalem): "I, the daughter of the citizen of Gomel Beiness Getzow, whose parents (Getzow-Tschlenaw) and grandparents come from Minsk, and Beila Gelfand-Romm, whose ancestors lived in Vilna for many generations, am up Born on an estate near Zvezlatsch in January 1872 and spent the first four years of my life in Vilnius, from where my parents moved to Gomel "
  2. ^ A b Neumann, Daniela: Students from the Russian Empire in Switzerland (1867–1914) . H. Rohr, Zurich 1987, ISBN 978-3-85865-627-8 , pp. 221 .
  3. ^ A b Lecturers Uni Bern p. 441 (accessed on February 23, 2020).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Rogger, Franziska: "Sophie Getzowa: Supported by Albert Einstein, loved and abandoned by Chaim Weizmann". The doctoral hat in the broom cupboard: the adventurous life of the first female students using the example of the University of Bern . eFeF-Verlag, Bern 1999, ISBN 978-3-905561-32-6 , p. 198-211 .
  5. ↑ Dr. Sophia Getzowa . In: Unicorn, Moses (ed.): Ha-Rofe Ha ' ivri . The Hebrew Medical Journal, New York City 1944, pp. 151 .
  6. ^ A b Rose, Norman: Chaim Weizmann: A Biography . Viking Penguin, New York 1986, ISBN 978-0-670-80469-6 , pp. 55, 56 ( [1] [accessed February 23, 2020]).
  7. ^ Democratic Fraction (accessed February 24, 2020).
  8. ↑ Getzowa, Sophia: About the thyroid gland of cretins and idiots . In: Virchow's archive . tape 180 , no. 1 , 1905, pp. 51-98 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01967777 .
  9. ^ Pool, Eugene H .: Tetany Parathyreopriva . In: Annals of Surgery . tape 46 , no. 1 , 1907, p. 507-540 , doi : 10.1097 / 00000658-190710000-00002 ( [2] [accessed February 24, 2020]).
  10. ↑ Getzowa, Sophia: About the parathyroid gland, intrathyroid cell clusters of the same and remains of the postbranchial body . In: Virchow's archive . tape 188 , no. 2 , 1907, p. 181-235 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01945893 .
  11. ↑ Getzowa, Sophia: On the knowledge of the postbranchial body and the branchial canals of humans . In: Virchow's archive . tape 205 , no. 2 , 1911, p. 208-257 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01989433 ( [3] [PDF; accessed February 24, 2020]).
  12. ^ United in the Great Common Task of Searching for Truth . In: Scopus: The Magazine of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. tape 62 , 2016, p. 7 ( [4] [PDF; accessed on February 24, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Getzowa, Sophia
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гецова, Софья (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian doctor and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 23, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Svislach district
DATE OF DEATH July 12, 1946
Place of death Jerusalem