Spathiphyllum montanum
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Spathiphyllum montanum |
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| ( RABaker ) Grayum |
Spathiphyllum montanum is a plant from the family of the arum family (Araceae). It grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and is native to the mountain forests of Costa Rica and Panama .
description
Vegetative characteristics
Spathiphyllum montanum is a perennial herbaceous plant with a short rhizome . She does not have milk juice . The two- lined leaves on the rhizome are stalked 22.5–52 (–80) cm long. The petiole is at the bottom about (37–) 60–80 percent of its length developed like a sheath and has a thickening (geniculum) at its upper end, which serves as a joint if necessary. The simple and undivided, entire leaf blades are elliptical to elongated-lanceolate or eilanzettlich and wedge-shaped or rarely almost truncated at the base. They are approximately 22-35 (-53) cm long and 8.5-16 (-25) cm wide. The leaf blades each have 12-25 (-28) side nerves of the first order on both sides and, parallel to them, other weaker side nerves in between.
Generative characteristics
The solitary, bulbous inflorescence is stalked about 15.5–61.5 (–119) cm long. The wide open spathe is white at flowering time with a green central nerve, then later becomes completely green and remains after flowering. It is approximately 12–22 (–25) cm long and 4–6.6 (–8.7) cm wide, has an elliptical to narrow ovoid or inverted shape and runs (2.5–) 3.9–7, 8 cm down on the peduncle. The flower bulb, which is uniformly covered with hermaphrodite flowers , is about 2.4–4.5 (–10) cm long, about 7–12 (–18) mm in diameter and is almost sessile in the spathe or up to about 0.7 (–1 , 2) cm long stalked.
The usually six green tepals are not fused together. There are usually six free stamens . The whitish stamp surmounted with its conical stylus the flowers shell by about 0.5-2.5 (-4.5) mm. The uppermost, mostly triple ovary has a central angled placenta . The fruits are berries that are white when ripe.
The plants can bloom almost at any time of the year.
distribution and habitat
The species is found in the mountains of Central America , from the Cordillera de Guanacaste in the northwest of Costa Rica to the Coclé province in central Panama.
Spathiphyllum montanum grows in mountain rainforests right up into cloud forests , exceptionally also in lowland rainforests . The species occurs at around (10–) 1100–2050 m above sea level .
Taxonomy
Plants of this species were expressly addressed as different in the last complete revision of the genus by George S. Bunting in 1960 , but were provisionally placed as an elevated form of Spathiphyllum wendlandii in anticipation of additional collections . In 1976 these plants were then identified by Richard A. Baker with reference to this revision and on the basis of a collection that he himself had made together with William Carl Burger in 1975 as Spathiphyllum wendlandii subsp. montanum formally described. In 1997 this was finally raised to an independent species by Michael H. Grayum . The type locality is about 1500 m above sea level near Monteverde in the Cordillera de Tilarán in the north-west of Costa Rica. The species differs from Spathiphyllum wendlandii in that it has shorter leaf sheaths that do not reach the geniculum and in that it has smaller leaves. Spathiphyllum wendlandii and Spathiphyllum montanum are placed within the genus in the Spathiphyllum section.
etymology
The specific epithet montanum ( Latin mountain ) refers to the occurrence of this species in mountain forests. The generic name Spathiphyllum is made up of spathe , the name for the conspicuous bract that accompanies the inflorescence of the arum family, and the ancient Greek word φύλλον ( phýllon , dt. Leaf ). The name refers to the fact that in this genus the spathe differs less strongly from deciduous leaves than is usually the case with arum plants.
swell
- Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 .
- MH Grayum: Araceae. In: BE Hammel, MH Grayum, C. Herrera, N. Zamora (eds.): Manual de plantas de Costa Rica. Vol. II: Gimnospermas y Monocotiledóneas (Agavaceae – Musaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 2003, ISBN 1-930723-22-9 , pp. 59-200. (P. 178 - online)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Spathiphyllum montanum , Herbarium specimens at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 14, 2014.
- ↑ Spathiphyllum wendlandii subsp. montanum , herbarium specimens at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed June 14, 2014.
- ↑ a b GS Bunting: A revision of Spathiphyllum (Araceae). In: Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden. 10, 1960, pp. 1-53.
- ↑ a b Holotype of S. wendlandii subsp. montanum. In: Botany Collections database. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, accessed June 14, 2014 .
- ^ RA Baker, WC Burger: Key and commentary on the species of Spathiphyllum (Araceae) in Costa Rica, including S. silvicola, sp. nov. In: Phytologia. 33, 1976, pp. 447-454. (P. 450 - online)
- ^ MH Grayum: Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Costa Rican Araceae. In: Phytologia. 82, 1997, pp. 30-57. (P. 50 - online)
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 , p. 394.
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 , p. 599.
Web links
- Spathiphyllum montanum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 14, 2014.