St. Sebastian Church (Hatzum)

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South side of the church and bell tower

The Evangelical Reformed St. Sebastian's Church is located in Hatzum , a district of the Jemgum municipality in Rheiderland , in southwestern East Frisia . The church was built as a cruciform church at the end of the 13th century, but lost its transept in the 17th century .

history

North wall: window on the nave, one pointed and one round on the outside, both pointed on the inside, below a bricked-up pointed arch portal, to the left of it the bricked-up approach of the transept

In the Middle Ages Hatzum was two centuries (1270-1467) seat of a deanery in the Diocese of Münster . The church was probably built towards the end of the 13th century. She was dedicated to St. Sebastian , who served as patron saint . During the Reformation , the parish changed to the Reformed Confession, but remarkably retained the name of the patron saint.

As a result of a reconstruction in the 17th century, probably in 1675, the church lost its side arms and was converted into a rectangular hall church. In the course of this, the vaults were probably replaced by a flat wooden ceiling. The east wall and the adjacent part of the north wall were renewed. In 1962 the west wall also had to be renovated and the window replaced.

The free-standing bell tower in the southeast was built in 1850 by Marten Bruns Schmidt from Ditzum , who also built the similar tower of the Ditzum church . It is unclear whether there was already a bell tower in front of this tower. Maybe there was only a small roof turret with a bell.

After the church had suffered badly from artillery fire in the spring of 1945 and the roof was partially destroyed, the church could not be used again until 1954. In 2004 the interior was renovated.

Building description

Wall approaches of the south transept
North wall of the choir: arched portal, pointed arch windows, stair tower in the rest of the transept wall

The Romano-Gothic transition style of the cruciform church is recognizable, among other things, by two tall rectangular window windows on the south wall. The one on the left shows wickerwork, the one on the right a herringbone pattern . The situation is even clearer on the north side, here, apart from the window in the walled-up approach to the transept, there is a round arch portal and a bricked-up pointed arch portal, two pointed arched windows and, as the westernmost, a window with a round arch opening in the outermost layer of the wall, but further inside has a pointed arch. The two small windows in the western part of the north wall were bricked up before the restoration in 2002, white bars and the black view of the church painted on as an optical illusion. In the rest of the eastern transept wall, the former inside shows a very slender, ogival blind arcade.

On the long sides, the wall approaches of the former transept arms jut out abruptly, without trying to smooth the walls again. Remains of the step pillars are preserved on the south side. On the north side, the round stair tower can be climbed through a small rectangular door, which originally led to the north aisle.

Crossing pillars , shield arches and wall reinforcements point to the original eight-rib vault . At the bottom of the choir walls are the remains of the arch - arcature visible. The four large, slightly ogival windows on the south side are similar to those that were created in many Frisian churches by subsequently enlarging small old windows.

The western wall, like the eastern part of the Bunder Church, has a double shell and is divided on the inner wall by five pointed arch openings, of which the four outer ones are narrower and only the slightly larger one in the middle forms a real window through the double wall.

Furnishing

Romanesque font
Interior facing east

The interior is closed off by a flat wooden beam ceiling. Since the Baroque period, the choir has been separated by a stone wall, which is clad in front with a wooden wall, which is decorated with bars and twisted columns. The partition also serves as an organ gallery. In the area above the choir partition there are still remains of the old ceiling paintings. In front of the east wall, an internal wooden staircase leads to the attic.

In the liturgical area in front of today's pulpit there is a round Romanesque baptismal font (13th century) made of Baumberger sandstone in Bentheim style , which is decorated with two friezes : the lower one is a round arched frieze with lilies, the upper frieze has foliage. The friezes are delimited by three twisted rope ornaments. The square base has four lions at the corners, which carry the basin and whose heads are all differently designed - one of them is shown with his tongue hanging out.

The oak supper table with its slender baluster legs dates from the last quarter of the 17th century. The Vasa Sacra includes a communion cup that was donated in 1586 by the Isempt von Hatzum chief family from Hatzum. Another sacred device dates from 1873. The box stalls with their bars come from the 18th century and show the coat of arms of a chief family. In the church there are grave slabs, the oldest of which dates from 1505.

The baroque pulpit with a sound cover on the south wall dates from the second half of the 17th century and probably goes back to Master Albert Frerichs. It is richly decorated with inlays , twisted columns and carvings.

organ

Ahrend & Brunzema organ

The organ was built by Ahrend & Brunzema in 1964 and has seven stops on a manual and attached pedal . Its wing doors are optically characteristic, and in terms of sound it is their mid-tone mood . The color version goes back to 2004, when the organ got its current tuning. The work replaces a previous instrument by Johann Diepenbrock , who in 1890 created the first organ in the historicizing style on a wide lower case for the Hatzum church. Today's organ has the following disposition :

I Manual C – f 3
1. Praestant 8th'
2. Dumped 8th'
3. Octave 4 ′
4th Reed flute 4 ′
5. Octave 2 ′
6th Mixture III
7th Trumpet 8th'
Pedal C – d 1
attached

See also

literature

  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 40, 112, 119 f., 124, 171, 223 .
  • Anna Sophie Inden (text), Martin Stromann (photos): God's houses in the Rheiderland . In: Ostfriesland Magazin 2/2015, SKN Druck und Verlag, Norden 2015, p. 48 ff.
  • Peter Karstkarel: All middeleeuwse kerken. Van Harlingen dead Wilhelmshaven . 2nd Edition. Uitgeverij Noordboek, Groningen 2008, ISBN 978-90-330-0558-9 , p. 758-759 .
  • Monika van Lengen: Rheiderland churches. Journey of discovery to places of worship from eight centuries in the west of East Frisia . H. Risius, Weener 2000.
  • Robert Noah: God's houses in East Frisia . Soltau-Kurier, Norden 1989, ISBN 3-922365-80-9 .
  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Menno Smid : Frisian churches in Emden, Leer, Borkum, Mormerland, Uplengen, Overledingen and Reiderland , volume 3. Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1980, p. 84.
  • Insa Segebade: Reformed churches on the Ems . Evangelical Reformed Church, Leer 1999, ISBN 3-00-004645-3 , p. 14-15 .

Web links

Commons : St. Sebastian Church (Hatzum)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Menno Smid : East Frisian Church History (= East Frisia in the protection of the dike , vol. 6). Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 42.
  2. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 15.
  3. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 14.
  4. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 14 f.
  5. ↑ a b c Monika van Lengen: Rheiderland churches. Journey of discovery to places of worship from eight centuries in the west of East Frisia . H. Risius, Weener 2000, p. 15 .
  6. ↑ Gottfried Kiesow : Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 150 f .
  7. ↑ a b c Gottfried Kiesow: Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz, Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 151 .
  8. ↑ organ on NOMINE eV , seen April 22, 2011.

Coordinates: 53 ° 18 ′ 32 "  N , 7 ° 20 ′ 3.4"  E