St. Stephen's and Bartholomew Church (Detern)
The Evangelical Lutheran St. Stephani and Bartholomäi Church is in Detern , one of the three member communities of the East Frisian joint community of Jümme . It is the only church in its area.
history
The church had at least two, possibly even three, previous buildings. When exactly the first place of worship was built is unknown. It presumably stood behind today's Pastor-Behrens-Haus, the parish hall of the Detern parish. There is evidence of a second church that was probably built around the middle of the 11th century about 150 meters southeast of the present church.
In disputes between the East Frisian chiefs , Widzeld tom Brok was ambushed near Detern in 1399 and fled with his men to the church there. His enemies under the leadership of the Archbishop of Bremen , the Bishops of Münster and Minden and the Count of Oldenburg set fire to the church and Widzeld suffocated and burned with his people in the church. This was completely destroyed in the process and, due to lack of money, could only be rebuilt at its present location more than half a century later in 1454.
When this medieval church became dilapidated, it was demolished after 1800 and replaced in 1806 by the brick building that has been preserved to this day. The church was then redesigned several times.
Building description
church
The St. Stephani and Bartholomäi Church is a classicist brick hall building. It is structured by large arched windows and is the only church in East Frisia that has a mansard roof. The church can be visited daily from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. during the summer.
Bell tower next to the church
The oldest building still preserved today is the bell tower in the parallel wall type from the middle of the 15th century. It is significantly older than the church next to it. Three bells are hung in the bell tower: a Romanesque bell from around 1300, a prayer and Mary bell by B. Klinghe from 1482 (hence the year 1482 on the tower) and since 1958 a third bell with the inscription: “The dead two world wars to commemorate ”. The third bell rings daily at 8 a.m., 12 p.m. and 6 p.m. and calls for prayer.
Another bell tower is located four kilometers from the church in Deternelehe. It was built in 1910 by the residents of the village at the cemetery laid out in 1901 and is equipped with two bells.
Furnishing
The interior is closed at the top with a cove ceiling . Of the four chandeliers, the oldest dates from 1692. One of the chandeliers is decorated with a swan, which can also be seen on the roof of the Detern church. It comes from a Lutheran tradition on the coast. It goes back to the legend of the Czech reformer Johannes Hus ( Hus means goose in Czech ). He was sentenced to death at the Council of Constance in 1415 . Before he was cremated as a heretic, he is said to have said: "Today you will roast a goose, but a swan will emerge from the ashes " . Later this was brought into connection with Luther and therefore made the swan his symbol; that is why Lutheran churches in East Frisia often have a swan on the roof.
The pulpit was made in 1692 and was taken over from the previous church. The carvings represent the four evangelists with their symbols.
The early Gothic baptismal font or holy water font is a work of the 14th century, while the baptismal bowl stand dates back to the early 18th century. It impresses with its unusual shape of three volutes adorned with rich acanthus , two of which are decorated with putti holding a coat of arms . In Detern, the baptismal register of the congregation has been completely preserved as far back as 1644.
The picture above the altar was painted and donated by the painter DA Bengen from Hanover in 1835 based on the example of the Last Supper scene by Leonardo da Vinci .
organ
The organ is one of the largest single-manual organs in East Frisia and has twelve registers . The pedal is attached. Most of the instrument has been preserved in its original condition. It was built in 1819 by Wilhelm Eilert Schmid from Leer on the gallery in the east of the church. The prospectus is structured by three towers, the largest of which is in the middle. In 1910 the instrument was changed by Johann Martin Schmid from Oldenburg. The manual keyboard was renewed during a restoration in 1951 by the Emil Hammer Orgelbau workshop from Arnum near Hanover . The interior of the church was redesigned in the 1960s. The organ loft was shortened by about one and a half meters and the old wedge bellows was replaced by a new magazine bellows that can be accommodated in the lower part of the organ housing. In 1981 the instrument was restored by the organ building workshop Führer from Wilhelmshaven. Further repairs and improvements were made in 1986 and 2002 by Martin ter Haseborg from Uplengen .
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- Remarks
- S = register by Wilhelm Eilert Schmid (1818/19)
- F = Alfred Führer (1981)
- H = Martin ter Haseborg (2002)
Parish
The St. Stephani-und-Bartholomäi parish of Detern belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran regional church of Hanover (parish of Rhauderfehn, Sprengel Ostfriesland-Ems ). It includes the districts of Detern, Velde, Stickhausen, Deternerlehe, Barge and Scharrel with around 1,800 community members. The parish is shaped by the East Frisian awakening ( Remmer Janssen , pastor in Strackholt from 1877 to 1921 and Hans Bruns , pastor in Hollen from 1924 to 1935). It is co-shaped by the German Youth Association “ Decided for Christ ” (EC) and the local evangelical community. The parish has expanded and changed due to the immigration of refugees from 1945 and from Russian-German families from 1991. Of the residents of the districts, 72 percent are currently Protestant and 7 percent Roman Catholic (as of April 2010). The church community includes Lutheran and Reformed Christians.
The parish has partnerships with the parish of Hohendorf, a district of the city of Groitzsch in the Leipzig district in Saxony and - via the parish - with the Indian Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Good Shepherd (GSELC) in southern India / Andhra Pradesh. It is connected to the Lutheran neighboring community of Hollen, the Baptist neighboring community of Augustfehn and the Evangelical Community of Detern within the framework of the Evangelical Alliance .
The following buildings belong to the parish: the church, the parish hall ("Pastor-Behrens-Haus"), the rectory (on Kirchstrasse in Detern), three cemeteries and the bell tower in Deternerlehe.
Well-known pastors
Probably the best-known pastor was Johann Gerhard Behrens (pastor in Detern 1936–1957), who was expelled from Stade by the National Socialists because of his biblical and Jewish-friendly attitude and then came to Detern. In 1933 he was accepted as the only pastor in the " Astronomical Society ". Until 1972, NASA sent him regular notifications requesting mathematical verification. In 1980 the asteroid (1651) Behrens was named after him. He was the only pastor of Detern to be buried at the church.
Ludwig Ihmels also worked in Detern . He became pastor of the parish in 1885 and stayed for nine years before he was appointed director of studies at the Loccum monastery seminary in 1894 . From 1902 to 1922 he held the chair of dogmatics at the University of Leipzig and from 1922 until his death in 1933 he was the first regional bishop of Saxony .
See also
literature
- Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Menno Smid : Frisian churches in Emden, Leer, Borkum, Mormerland, Uplengen, Overledingen and Reiderland , volume 3. Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1980, p. 60.
Web links
- Ev.-luth. Church district Emden: The swan, a Lutheran tradition on the coast ( Memento from May 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft : Detern (PDF file; 45 kB)
- Genealogy forum: Detern
References and comments
- ↑ So far, only two previous buildings have been archaeologically proven.
- ↑ Genealogy Forum: Detern ( Memento from March 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on May 18, 2019.
- ^ A b Gottfried Kiesow : Architectural Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010. ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 185.
- ↑ The swan, a Lutheran tradition on the coast ( Memento from May 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Samtgemeinde Jümme: Parish Detern ( Memento of February 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Reinhard Ruge (NOMINE e.V.): Detern, Ev.-luth. Stephani- and Bartholomäi-Kirche. Organ by Wilhelm Eilert Schmid (1819) , viewed on October 6, 2010.
- ↑ Georg Collmann, Committee for “Mission and Ecumenism” of the Church District Assembly: Journey of the Church District to the Partner Church , viewed on July 30, 2012.
- ↑ ead.de: “Faith sings!” , Viewed on July 30, 2012.
- ↑ Dietmar von Reeken : Ludwig Ihmels (PDF; 79 kB), in: Biographisches Lexikon für Ostfriesland II , Aurich 1997, pp. 185–186, accessed on July 30, 2012
Coordinates: 53 ° 12 ′ 33.3 " N , 7 ° 40 ′ 20.6" E