St. Bartholomew (Wittenburg)
St. Bartholomäus is the town church in the historic town center of Wittenburg in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The parish belongs to the Parchim Propstei in the Mecklenburg parish of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Northern Germany ( Northern Church ).
Chronicle and description
Wittenburg was first mentioned in a document in 1194. Construction of the initially late Romanesque town church of St. Bartholomew began as early as 1240. Between 1254 and 1287 the church was consecrated to the Apostle Bartholomew .
The three-aisled hall church is made of bricks . The Gothic nave from the second half of the 13th century has three bays with square central nave bays and elongated rectangular aisle bays. The western yoke of the central nave was designed as a tower yoke; but the tower set remained unfinished under the gable roof .
The two-bay, rectangular choir , on the other hand, has a single nave.
Carried vaulted by four cruciform pillars free and strong half-columns with trapezoid - capitals on the side walls. The ribbed vaults of the nave date from the 14th century, the two star vaults of the choir are late Gothic.
On the outside of the nave and choir there are Romanesque decorative forms such as round arch friezes with corner pilaster strips and round panels. The narrow Gothic windows of the choir are grouped in three on the east wall and in two windows to the west and north. The stepped reveals of the windows have round beads. Some of the windows were extended downwards in the 19th century.
There is a Gothic extension on the south side of the nave; a corresponding extension on the north side was demolished in the 19th century. The existing square extension with a Gothic vault also has a gable roof with the same eaves height as the main roof. The south gable is up by a closed tracery - Rosette decorated.
The west portal in the tower hall made of bricks and glazed stones is laid out broad and richly profiled. The northern, simple choir portal, on the other hand, is walled up. There is a two-part pointed arch window above the south portal to the extension. The renovation of the town church, which became necessary due to structural defects, was carried out by Carl Heinrich Wünsch and Georg Adolph Demmler from 1924 to 1824 .
In 1909 a new tower with a height of 64 meters was installed on the west facade. From 1994 various renovations had to be carried out. The church has been illuminated from the outside since the late 1990s. In front of the church on the market square is the so-called Heinrichstein , probably an atonement stone from the 12th century.
Interior
Inside there is a carved altar from the 15th century, originally from Hagenow . In the shrine of the winged altar the Coronation of Mary is depicted, in the wings four saints and the twelve apostles in two rows one above the other. Passion pictures from the late 17th century are attached to the outside of the wings . In the middle of the 19th century galleries were built in, which were removed again in 1956 during renovation work. Winzer's organ was installed in 1848. The big bell is from 1666. The wooden pulpit with rich carvings is from 1666.
The interior of the church also includes a bronze fifth - a baptismal font - from 1342, which is provided with reliefs on the kettle that depict Christ and the twelve apostles. The cauldron is carried by four monks. The brass baptismal bowl probably dates from the 16th century.
There are also two pastor portraits depicting H. Hornemann († 1698) and JH Schaller († 1772); in addition an epitaph from 1692 with portraits of the late pastor M. Wulf and his wife.
The furnishings include a goblet from the 15th century, another goblet from around 1480 and various chandeliers and sconces made of brass from the late 16th to 17th centuries.
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . Munich, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-422-03081-6 , pp. 703-705.
- ZEBI eV, START eV: Village and town churches in the Parchim parish. Bremen, Rostock 2001, ISBN 3-86108-795-2 , pp. 47-48.
See also
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 30 ′ 46.4 ″ N , 11 ° 4 ′ 17 ″ E