St. Marien (Heilbad Heiligenstadt)
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St. Marien - often referred to as the Old Town Church by the people of Heiligenstadt - is the Catholic parish church of the same name, newly founded in 2017, in the center of Heilbad Heiligenstadt in the Obereichsfeld in Thuringia . In addition to the parish church itself, the new parish also includes the parish of St. Aegidien in Heilbad Heiligenstadt, St. Johannes in Rengelrode and St. Nikolaus in Kalteneber. The church shapes the city skyline with its double tower facade and the high choir .
History and architecture
The city of Heiligenstadt developed on the eastern slope of the collegiate hill of St. Martin . The St. Marien Church was founded by the monastery and remained part of it until its end. A previous Romanesque building was probably built in the 12th century. From 1300 it was replaced in several stages by the sophisticated Gothic new building.
The oldest part is the massive west bar with the two octagonal towers attached, which are made of red sandstone up to the tips . The richly stepped portal with eyelashes today contains neo-Gothic tracery in the pointed arch .
The nave , a three-aisled hall with a ribbed vault , was completed in the 14th century. The effect of the spaciousness is enhanced by widening it towards the choir. Figurative capitals , keystones and consoles give the room festivity.
The three-bay choir with a polygonal end was consecrated in 1420, changed in 1715 and raised above the nave in 1886 and crowned with a slender roof turret.
Furnishing
The interior of the church was painted in the neo-Gothic style in 1886. During restoration work in the 1960s and 1980s, this painting was not restored, but under it the remains of the late Gothic oil paintings (often incorrectly referred to as frescoes) from 1506, including a coronation of the Virgin Mary . In the vault there is a striking keystone , which is popularly known as the "Lying Stone". The keystone represents four figures, one of which is a woman with literally short legs, named after the saying "Lies have short legs". The other three characters may show their sins, loquacity, "ear blowing" (spreading falsehoods) and vanity. In the south aisle next to the opening to the choir there is an important figure of Mary. The carving, a beautiful Madonna , dated to 1414 , was the miraculous image of the pilgrimage site of Elende and came from the place that had become Protestant first to St. Martin during the Thirty Years' War , then to St. Marien in 1803.
The choir is dominated by the winged altar made by Hans Raphon in 1512 . The central panel shows the crucifixion of Christ in a richly figured representation , the wings four groups of three saints .
The ornamented bronze baptismal font stands on three supporting figures. It was created in 1492 by ore caster Hans Tegetmeiger and bears the signature "... hans tegetmeiger unde arnt eddelendes". In 1713 the baroque Pietà was built in the north aisle.
organ
The St. Marien organ was originally built by the Späth brothers from Fulda in 1941. In the course of the structural changes in the church after the 2nd Vatican Council in 1969 (including expansion of the side galleries), the organ was moved to its current location and redesigned neo-baroque by Gerhard Kühn, Merseburg. In 2006, as the first step in the restoration, a new console was installed in the extended gallery by master organ builder Karl Brode (Heilbad Heiligenstadt). Between White Sunday 2015 and Whitsun 2017, the organ was silent for the restoration of the organ work (pipes, windchest and supply). At Pentecost 2017 the first construction phase was finished with the blessing and the organ is playable again.
Disposition after the 1st construction phase of the restoration:
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- Normal coupling : II / I, I / II, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Super octave coupling: III / I, III / II, III / III, III / P
- Roller, sill for III
- 8000-fold typesetter
church choir
The church choir St. Marien (also called Propsteichor) was founded in 1895 at the instigation of the then provost Karl Nolte. For this purpose, 15 men came together under the direction of the young teacher Karl Fick. Adalbert Gabel and Walter Bim followed as choirmasters, from whom today's choir director Michael Taxer took over the leadership of the church choir in 2001. Today over 20 women and men sing old and new works, some with eight voices, at concerts and church services for the glory of God and the joy of the community.
Bells
The old chime of St. Mary's was made in 1888 by the Franz Otto company in Hemelingen near Bremen and was christened on January 7th of the following year. It consisted of three bells and had a total weight of around 4.2 tons. The largest was dedicated to the Sorrowful Mother and weighed around 2.1 tons. On May 6, 1942, the last of the three bells was brought down and melted down in the Ilsenburg foundry. Only the clock and the christening bell were spared this fate.
The new bell consists of four bells: the Great Trinity Bell, St. Mary's Bell, St. Martin's Bell and the Holy Guardian Angel Bell. At the opening of the consecration ceremony, Propst Streb said: “The bells are consecrated by consecration, just as we humans are consecrated by baptism, in order to serve, to serve for the glory of God and for the benefit of our fellow men. When pastor, congregation and bells work together, there is a good sound. "
The Bronze - Church bells created Apolda last bell founder Master Peter Schilling and his wife Margaret in 1962. The bells have the impact sounds b 0 , d 1 , f 1 , g 1 and a total weight of 8,053 kg.
To this day, the bells call the people of Heiligenstadt and their guests to prayer, devotions and services in the church.
Anne Chapel
Opposite the north portal of the church is the Gothic St. Anne's Chapel . It is an octagon with eight gables, a pointed roof and a crowning lantern . Gargoyles and crabs enhance the perfect overall impression . During the last restoration in 2000, it was given the assumed original color scheme in reddish brown and yellow. In the chapel there are the figures of Our Lady with the Child and Anna herself , also from the Gothic period.
The original purpose of the Annenkapelle is uncertain. An information board describes it as a baptistery, possibly it was also built as an ossuary .
literature
- Anne Severin: The renovation work on the towers of the parish church “St. Marien “in Heiligenstadt 1949-1955. In: Eichsfeld yearbook. 12, 2004, pp. 235-254.
- Josef Durstewitz: Heiligenstadt - St. Marien and Annenkapelle. Eichsfeld-Verlag Heiligenstadt 2004.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Friedrich Ludwig Müller (Ed.): Curiosities from the monument landscape . tape 1 : Of earthly and heavenly creatures . Monuments publications, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-936942-69-2 , p. 32, 33 (96 pp.).
- ↑ Albert Mundt: The ore baptisms of Northern Germany from the middle of the XIII. until the middle of the 14th century. A contribution to the history of German ore casting . Klinkhardt & Biermann, Leipzig 1908, p. 81 , in note 134 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Tegetmeiger, Hans . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 32 : Stephens – Theodotos . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1938, p. 501 .
- ^ Karl Brode: Restoration of the Späth organ from 1941 in the cath. Provost church "St. Marien" in Heiligenstadt. Organ-building workshop, accessed on May 29, 2017 .
- ^ Church choir St. Marien in Heiligenstadt. Retrieved April 20, 2018 .
- ↑ a b The bells of St. Marien. Retrieved April 25, 2018 .
Coordinates: 51 ° 22 ′ 43.4 " N , 10 ° 8 ′ 11.9" E