St. Martin (Oberwesel)
The Roman Catholic Church of St. Martin is a listed church building in Oberwesel .
The church rises to the north on the highest point of the city and is popularly known as the White Church because of the brightly shimmering color of the nave . The mighty tower, once part of the city fortifications , impressively defines the cityscape.
The Church of St. Martin has been part of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2002 . It belongs to the parish of Oberwesel Liebfrauen and Sankt Martin in the Catholic parish community of Oberwesel ( Deanery St. Goar in the Diocese of Trier ).
history
The forerunner church was a monastery built in 1303 that perished in the Thirty Years' War . Today's church was essentially built in the first half of the 14th century, modeled on the Liebfrauenkirche , also known as the Red Church .
After the Wesel War in 1390/1391, the tower was expanded into a defensive tower . A tie rod on the square upper floor of the tower was dated to 1435 using a dendrochronological method.
The nave was originally a single nave with three bays . This is followed by a choir with two yokes and a five-sided conclusion. The late Gothic north aisle was added in the 16th century. The planned south aisle was not built.
The tower is crowned by a crenellated wreath and four corner turrets. This is followed by the octagonal structure of the bell chamber . It is based on the struts of two vaulted yokes. The arched tower gallery opens to the nave.
The three windows of the choir are drawn down low. At the beginning of the 15th century, the vaulted sections of the nave were painted in color. Half-figures of the apostles and prophets are shown. At the beginning of the 16th century the niches and pillars were painted with figurative pictures.
Furnishing
- Four-story high altarpiece above the Gothic canteen from 1682. With paintings of the Descent from the Cross , the Vera icon , the Coronation of Mary and the Apostles Peter and Paul .
- From the second quarter of the 18th century the essays on the side altars with the depictions of St. Sebastian and the Mother of God .
- Remains of a retable from around 1400 with the crucifixion of Christ and the apostles.
- A reliquary retable from the 14th century shows the life of Jesus , beginning with childhood and ending with the Deësis .
- Two female saints are depicted on panels in the side aisle . The work dates from the 16th century.
- The painted triptychs on the choir walls with the Pentecost miracle and the Passion of Christ date from the second half of the 17th century .
- At the beginning of the 14th century the six-sided tabernacle with a crucifixion was built.
- Baptismal font from 1713
- A marble communion bench from the 18th century
- The front cheeks of the single-row choir stalls from the first half of the 14th century have been removed
- One with inlaid decorated pulpit 1617 is provided with an ornate sounding board provided thereon the risen Jesus .
- Confessional from 1631
- The reliquary cabinet with openwork, carved doors was built around 1700
- Crucifix from the second third of the 15th century
- Figure of St. Sebastian from the 18th century
- In the side aisle there is a tombstone with a figurative representation of Katharina Feist, who died in 1522.
- The epitaph for Reichmann Reichardt and Dorothea Schragen with large putti and a crucifixion is from the beginning of the 17th century .
- Candlestick from the 17th century.
- Frescoes on the pillars.
organ
The organ was built in 1955 by the organ builder Johannes Klais (Bonn). It replaced an instrument that was built in 1729 by the organ builder Jacob Reiffert (Bad Breisig) and implemented and expanded in 1743 by the organ builder Franz Joseph Eberhardt. Only the prospectus of this instrument has been preserved, which includes the upper work . The instrument has 27 registers and three transmissions on three manuals and pedal .
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- Coupling II / I (also as sub-octave coupling), III / I, I / P, II / P
Equipment of the sacristy
- Crucifixion group with thieves from the first half of the 16th century.
- From the beginning of the 15th century a picture of Vespers in a south-east German painting style.
- Chasuble bars from the first and second half of the 15th century
- Paraments from the 18th century
- Monstrance from the mid-18th century
Outdoor area
- In the choir area from a stone crucifixion group from the beginning of the 16th century Johannes and Maria . The figures come from the vicinity of Backkoffens.
- On the main nave there are badly worn tombstones for canons from the 14th century, one of which was reused in 1655.
- The parish garden of St. Martin is part of the route of the World Heritage Gardens .
literature
- Ferdinand Pauly in: Germania Sacra , The Dioceses of the Church Province of Trier. The Archdiocese of Trier 2. The monasteries St. Severus in Boppard, St. Goar in St. Goar, Liebfrauen in Oberwesel, St. Martin in Oberwesel . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin - New York 1980.
- Eduard Sebald and co-authors: The art monuments of Rhineland-Palatinate, Volume 9. The art monuments of the Rhein-Hunsrück district, part 2. Former district of St. Goar, here: City of Oberwesel. In volumes I and II, State Office for Monument Preservation Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.) Deutscher Kunstverlag 1977. ISBN 3-422-00576-5 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Regional history
- ↑ Information on the organ
- ^ Regionalgeschichte.net
Coordinates: 50 ° 6 ′ 35.9 ″ N , 7 ° 43 ′ 13 ″ E