St. Wendelinus (Berrenrath)
The St. Wendelinus Church is a Catholic church in the Berrenrath district of Hürth . The parish of the same name is a member of the Hürther Ville parish association .
history
Berrenrath found its first mention in a document of the Archbishop of Cologne Hermann I , who officiated between 889 and 924 and confirmed a main court in the settlement then called "Bairincrothe", the virgins of St. Ursula in Cologne .
The Marienborn monastery, which was built early, also had a farm in Berrenrath by the end of the 13th century. Centuries passed, however, in which further settlement stagnated, so the living conditions of the people there remained unchanged.
The old village of Berrenrath belonged to the parish of Gleuel in the Middle Ages . Its few residents, however, used the nearby monastery church of the Cistercian nuns of the Marienborn monastery in Burbach to go to church .
From the wayside shrine to the chapel
The origin of today's parish St. Wendelinus can be seen in a statue that was decorated with the figure of St. Wendelin.
At the request of the abbess and the sisters of her convent, the Cologne elector and archbishop Ferdinand of Bavaria allowed the former residents of the former village of Berrenrath, later destroyed by the mining of lignite , to build a chapel for increased veneration at the location of the Wendelin Column of the holy. Ferdinand's approval, which was given at the same time as the building permit, to be allowed to celebrate the Eucharist in the future chapel, supported the efforts of the Marienborn Monastery to revitalize the place as a place of pilgrimage and thus create an additional source of income.
The creation of a statue carved from linden wood, which depicts the parish patron venerated as a saint, is dated to this time . The 1 m high figure, probably created for the pilgrimage chapel from 1623, now adorns the center of the north wall in St. Wendelinus.
Seal of the Marienborn monastery
Tomb of the Marienborn abbess Irmgard von Horst, 1562
Saint Wendelinus as a statue and chapel
Wendelin statue, probably 1623
Elevation to the first parish church
As a result of the secularization in 1802, the monastery complexes including their church fell away. In addition, there has been a steadily increasing population since 1815, factors that prompted the community to enlarge its Wendelinus Chapel, which has also become popular as a pilgrimage chapel .
In 1823 the chapel was expanded with the addition of a nave . In 1846 the construction of a transept was arranged, in which the choir of the old, half-timbered chapel was partially preserved.
After these construction measures, a hall church with the dimensions 16.00 m long and 6.50 m wide was created, the transept of which expanded the interior space by 3.60 m on both sides. The church had a gable roof has been covered and the west gable had a roof turret obtained, which recorded a bell. In 1850 the building was elevated to a parish church.
Ursula frieze
An oak frieze that also adorns today's parish church is one of the few remaining pieces of furniture that have come from the former Marienborn monastery. The frieze shows St. Ursula as the king's daughter, who is apparently engaged in a sacred conversation with eight companions. Ursula, depicted in the center of the frieze, is depicted with a crown and her attribute , an arrow, and, like her companions, wears a precious Renaissance robe .
The great veneration of the saints in the 15th century, which St. Ursula experienced in particular, or a reminder of the early possessions of the “Virgins of Cologne” in Berrenrath will have been the reason for the Cistercian women of Marienborn to purchase the frieze.
After 1802, the work of art came into the possession of the tenant of the mill yard, which stood next to the abandoned monastery, who gave it to the Berrenrath parish in 1867 and probably placed it in the church.
A little over twenty years later, in 1891, the old church building was demolished and a new building was erected at the same location according to plans by the Cologne architect Theodor Ross .
Construction of a neo-Gothic church
While there were still 383 people in 1815, the number of people living in Berrenrath had risen to 705 in 142 apartments in 1843. This steady increase in residents had already led to the employment of a local vicar in the 1820s. The boom in the lignite industry, which continued in the middle of this century, led to a further increase in the population, so that at the end of the century many churches in the region were expanded or rebuilt in larger dimensions due to lack of space.
In 1890 the foundation stone of a new building was laid next to the old church . The swift construction work made it possible to demolish the old church in the following year. The documents laid down in the foundation stone identified the diocesan master builder and later Strasbourg cathedral master builder Franz Schmitz as the authoritative architect and named Messrs. Krauth and Theodor Ross as employees. Since Schmitz is seen more as a supporter of historicism , it is assumed today that the church, built in neo-Gothic style, was designed by Ross, and the building is one of his works.
Building description and end of the old church
According to the floor plan drawn by Theodor Ross in 1890, the structures of the former building are easy to understand. The three-aisled church had a three- bay nave resting on columns , the third bay of which was laterally reinforced by a wall width in the drawing and indicated a small, externally imperceptible transept. The adjoining fourth yoke formed a three-part vestibule, the side chapels of which closed on three sides. Square sacristy buildings were added to the following square main choir, which was also built with a polygonal apse .
Externally, however, the different building segments were concealed by the type of roof covering. Just as the roofs of the side aisles covered the side choirs, the roof of the central nave was also that of the main choir.
The new parish church of the place had a clear dimension of 27.83 m length and 12.04 m width, to which the respective yokes of the side aisles with a dimension of 3.00 × 4.00 m, which are the yokes of the central nave, here now connected with dimensions of 5.00 × 4.00 m. The areas intended for lay people covered an area of 200 m².
The steeple of the church had three bells in 1904 , but two of them had to be given to melt down during the First World War . It was a process that was repeated during the Second World War , when two of the new bells acquired in 1926 had to be returned. The damage to the church building sustained during this war was largely repaired by 1949.
In 1952 the structure of the church tower was recognized as unsafe and the tower was demolished up to the bell chamber. Since the brown coal mine was getting closer and closer and the time of the decision to relocate the entire town was foreseeable, the church was not renovated and a flat helmet was placed on the tower as a temporary measure. In 1958/59, Alt St. Wendelinus was demolished.
A stylized representation by the artist Jakob Riffeler , a relief in the base area of the market fountain created by the sculptor Paul Milles, as well as a large photo from the 1950s in the new parish church reminds of the old church .
Relocation
Due to the lignite mining in Hürth, Berrenrath was relocated in the 1950s. The first preparations were made in the winter of 1952 with the reburial of the town's dead, who were moved from the previous church adjoining a newly established cemetery "Neu-Berrenrath".
The new parish church
The new construction of the St. Wendelinus Church, which was to be built according to plans by the Cologne architect Fritz Schaller (in collaboration with Wilhelm Jungherz), began in October 1956. The foundation stone was laid in May of the following year, when the church, which was completed at the end of the year, was taken over by the parish.
Bells
St. Wendelin has five bells, all 1958 of the bell-founder Wolfgang Hausen-Mabilon Glockengießerei Mabilon were made: On special occasions is with the bells gebeiert .
|
No. |
Surname |
Diameter (mm) |
Mass (kg) |
Percussive ( HT - 1 / 16 ) |
| 1 | Wendelinus bell | 1241 | 1180 | e 1 +2 |
| 2 | Mary Bell | 1040 | 690 | g 1 +1 |
| 3 | Bernhard bell | 932 | 480 | a 1 +1 |
| 4th | Christophorus Bell | 821 | 320 | h 2 +2 |
| 5 | Christ the King bell | 774 | 270 | c 2 +2 |
Parish Association Hürther Ville
The parish association of Hürther Ville consists of the four parishes of St. Wendelinus, Johannes Baptist in Kendenich , St. Katharina in Alt-Hürth and St. Martinus in Fischenich .
literature
- Paul Clemen, on behalf of the Provincial Association of the Rhine Province: The Art Monuments of the Rhine Province. In: The art monuments of the city and the district of Bonn. Volume V, III. Printed by and published by L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1905. (Reprint: 1981, ISBN 3-590-32113-X )
- Helmut Fußbroich: St. Wendelinus in Hürth-Berrenrath. 1995, ISBN 3-88094-781-3 . (Rheinische Kunststätten issue 410)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Helmut Fußbroich: St. Wendelinus in Hürth-Berrenrath. 1995, ISBN 3-88094-781-3 . (Rheinische Kunststätten issue 410)
- ^ A b c d Paul Clemen, on behalf of the Provincial Association of the Rhine Province: Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz. In: The art monuments of the city and the district of Bonn. Berrenrath and parish church p. 15 f.
- ↑ Glockenbuch Dekanat Hürth, p. 11 ( Memento of the original from January 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Gerhard Hoffs (ed.): Glockenmusik in the dean's office Hürth. P. 18ff.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 22 " N , 6 ° 48 ′ 52.1" E