St. Martin (Fischenich)
Today's parish church of St. Martin in Hürth - Fischenich goes back to the 12th century. Like all its predecessor churches, it is dedicated to St. Martin consecrated, the second patron is St. Antony . Both saints can be found in different representations inside the church.
development
The church building from 1728 is probably an extension. The originally Romanesque building made of trass stone had a narrow, 48- foot- long central nave , which ended with an east-facing, semicircular apse . The central building was joined on both sides with slopes 32 feet long and 13 feet wide with low pent roofs . These side extensions were connected to the nave through round arches resting on pillars . On the walls at the end of the slope there were fragments of Roman cast masonry , which, like the castle a few meters away, probably came from the Roman canal used as a “quarry” . The chronicle kept by the Carthusian monasteries in Cologne (with possession in Fischenich) shows that in 1523 they paid 23 florins for extensions to the slopes. These were lengthened by 16 feet and brought up to the level of the nave with brickwork. The outer walls were each given three Gothic windows made of stone , the tracery of which was decorated with fish bubbles . From the fact that the apse with a Romanesque character had pointed arched windows, it was concluded that it was being built or modified at the end of the 12th century.
The church had a special type of stone built into the outer eastern buttress , which allowed conclusions to be drawn about the origin of a chapel as the first church building. The stone with a chiseled cross was classified by archaeologists in the above period and probably served as a “ consecration cross ” in a newly built church . This chapel at that time is also documented. With regard to Fischenich, a parchment in the monastery archives from 1494 says: fuit olim capella eclesiae parochialis in Efferen .
Preserved west tower (1728)
East side "Am Kirchberg"
North side, column taken from the church
North wing of the new transept
The fact that the Christian community in Fischenich originally belonged to the parish of Efferen is also evident from the location of the church grounds. The area, which is still occupied today by the church , pastorate and other church institutions, together with an adjoining cemetery which still surrounds the church in 1840, is verifiably the former property of the Cologne monastery of St. Maria im Capitol . The area surrounded by vineyards , at a medium altitude of the village, was and is to the south of the castle ruins on a created plateau of the slope , which drops steeply all around except for the further rising west side.
Building description
In 1890, the cathedral master craftsman Franz Schmitz designed St. Martin in a neo-Gothic style using simple red-brown brickwork . The base, narrow cornices and the covers of the buttress were set in tuff . The borders of the window and door arches have been emphasized in the masonry with veneers. The entire nave was below on the east side with a small ridge turret spruce saddle roof with a ring of small, semi stony protruding brick arches decorated. The church was now a three-aisled basilica , the central nave of which ended in the east with a semicircular choir . The slightly dependent side aisles were and can be entered through separate portals , as they are today . The main portal was and is in the taken over west tower in front of the central nave, which is adjoined by a stair tower attached to the south .
Tower and bells
Via the stair tower you get into the tower to the belfry , which is equipped with a ring of four bells. They are the Sacred Heart, the Fallen and the Parish Bells. After the war they were involuntarily melted down for armaments purposes and replaced by donations from citizens of Fischenich. The fourth is an old church bell from 1430. It has the following inscription:
- My name is Johannes Baptist
- To God I mean lyden
- Al unwilling I spoil
- Heinrich goys me.
- MCCCCXXX
The relatively low and sturdy west tower of the previous church from 1728 was raised a little in 1901. The appearance of the old church clearly stands out from other church buildings in the community, also from this period, for example the churches of St. Katharina in Alt-Hürth (1804 architect his son-in-law Theodor Roß ), St. Severin Hermülheim (1898 from the same Architects) and St. Dionysius in Gleuel (1893).
Central and side aisles
Central nave and gallery
Choir section
Acts of the Apostles as glazing
Aisle north side
You enter the church through the tower portal and, according to the basic dimensions of the tower, you find yourself in an anteroom separated from the nave by a wrought iron grille. Above it is a gallery which, until the completion of the expansion of the church with a transept built between 1973 and 1975, served as a stand for an organ prospect. From the monastery church of during the secularization repealed monastery of Cistercian nuns in Brühl- Heide derived organ is now in the northern wing. It has been set up in an unusual way. Like the statue of St. Josef on the northern outer wall, on one of the yoke pillars of the central nave that became dispensable during the renovation . The remaining columns now carry the round arches to the side aisles, which like the central nave and the choir area have a ribbed vault .
The transept replaced the last yoke section in front of the choir. Its height is adapted to the rest of the nave and has a simple wooden ceiling. In contrast to the pointed arched windows of the side aisles in French ocher from the whitewashed walls, the glazing of which depicts the apostles with an attribute of their martyrdom , the glass work on the windows in the transept is decorated with modern mosaics.
Transept
The altars erected in the former side conches, which were lost during the renovation , are now on the east walls of the transept. On the northern side there is an altar consecrated to the Mother of God , on the right side of which the figure of the Cologne-born mystic and saint Hermann Joseph kneels and, as in a related legend, offers the Mother of God an apple. Here in the north wing, the old organ from the Benden monastery, made in the Baroque period , was installed. It stands on one of the pillars that have become dispensable due to the renovation and is served from the organ table at ground level. This side wing has an external entrance and, like the south wing of the transept, is equipped with modern confessional stalls on the western wall.
Mary Altar
Main altar
Antonius side altar
The celebration altar with embedded relics
The second side altar of the church is located in the south wing on the east wall. After Martinus, he is another patron of the Church, St. Anthony, consecrated. To the right of the altar, in front of the south wall, there is another treasure of the church, a baptismal font from 1875. As on the other side of the transept, the red stone-tiled floor with a number of benches faces the celebration altar.
Choir area
The high altar stands in front of the semicircle of the choir, which is also provided with colored glazed pointed arched windows. It is equipped with a tabernacle and the obligatory altar cross on it. On both sides of this there are pictures with representations from the life of Jesus. The altar is flanked by old carved figures of Martinus as bishop and the Egyptian monk Antonius, venerated as a saint .
In the walls of the front semicircular choir there are two opposite doors. The left door leads into the sacristy , the right one leads into a room that had access to a cellar. In earlier times the gravedigger is said to have had his workshop here.
In front of the altar in the slightly raised choir area, the former high pulpit stands on the edge as a level lectern. An altar table made of marble stands in the front center of the choir and conceals relics of St. Ursula . In the middle of the choir hangs the Eternal Light fixed in the vault . It is meant to remind of the constant presence of God.
Further equipment
organ
The organ consists of 20 stops on two manuals and a pedal. The gaming table stands free on the east side of the north aisle. The playing and stop action are electric. Thumb pistons activate the registration via the rocker registers, as well as two free and five fixed combinations: Piano, Mezzoforte, Forte, Tutti and Organo Pleno. Little is known about the age of the organ and the console, but it can be assumed that the construction of the electric console was carried out together with the repositioning of the organ as part of the expansion to include the transept. The sound and construction of individual registers also suggest that the pipe material of the organ may go back to the 16th century. Both the housing and the scope of the disposition have been changed in the history of the church in such a way that their original condition can no longer be determined without appropriate research.
| I main work Cg 3 | II positive Cg 3 | Pedal Cf 1 | ||||||
| 1. | Principal | 8th' | 10. | Reed flute | 8th' | 17th | Sub bass | 16 ' |
| 2. | Dumped | 8th' | 11. | Salizional | 8th' | 18th | Principal bass | 8th' |
| 3. | octave | 4 ' | 12. | Principal | 4 ' | 19th | Dacked bass | 8th' |
| 4th | flute | 4 ' | 13. | Gemshorn | 2 ' | 20th | Pfiffaro | 4 '+ 2' |
| 5. | Fifth | 2 2/3 ' | 14th | Fifth | 1 1/3 ' | |||
| 6th | Super octave | 2 ' | 15th | Scharff III | ||||
| 7th | Cornett V disk. | 8th' | 16. | Dulcian | 8th' | |||
| 8th. | Mixture IV | Tremulant | ||||||
| 9. | Trumpet | 8th' | ||||||
- Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P
Before the renovation, the pulpit was on a pillar
Baptismal font from 1875
Modern confessional stalls
Organ from the former Benden monastery
A "Descent from the Cross according to Rubens", which adorns the western narrow side, probably a Flemish portrait from the end of the 16th / beginning of the 17th century, found a place in the rectory after the necessary restoration, as the church is not air-conditioned. On the outside wall of the choir hangs the "Five Wound Cross", a mission cross from 1760 that does not have a corpus but only the five wounds of the crucified Christ. Another mission cross with a roof hangs on the north side of the tower.
Station of the Camino de Santiago
The old Fischenich Church of St. Martin is also a place visited by pilgrims , because it is one of the stops on the Way of St. James, the way to the tomb of the Apostle James in Santiago de Compostela in Spain .
Stamp for the pilgrim passport
You can get a pilgrim's stamp in your pilgrim's pass at An St. Martin 22 , opposite the church.
Parish Association
St. Martin in Fischenich is one of the four parishes that make up the parish association of Ville-Hürth. This includes the churches of St. Katharina in Alt-Hürth, St. Johann Baptist in Kendenich, and St. Wendelinus in Berrenrath .
Web links
literature
- Clemens Klug: Hürth - how it was, how it was , Robert Steimel Verlag, Cologne undated (1962)
- Robert Wilhelm Rosellen: History of the parishes of the deanery Brühl . JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 1887
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Robert Wilhelm Rosellen: History of the parishes of the deanery Brühl , JP Bachem Verlag Cologne 1887, p. 205 ff
- ↑ Clemens Klug: Hürth - how it was, how it became, Cologne, no year
- ^ Adolf Wurst stained glass, Essen. Probably no longer there
Coordinates: 50 ° 51 ′ 31.6 ″ N , 6 ° 53 ′ 44.6 ″ E