Steinebach (Dornbirn)
| Steinebach | ||
|---|---|---|
 Aerial photo of the Hämmerle factory in October 2014 |
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| location | Vorarlberg | |
| Waters | Steinebach | |
| Mountains | Northern Eastern Alps, Bregenz Forest Mountains , Zanzenberg | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 24 '19 " N , 9 ° 45' 32" E | |
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| height | 485 to 1185 m above sea level A. | |
| length | approx. 3.5 km | |
| use | Agriculture, industry, trade, power generation | |
Steinebach is an approximately 3.5 km long notched valley in the Oberdorf district in Dornbirn , Vorarlberg , Austria , which is traversed by the Steinebach of the same name and which is a side valley to the Dornbirner Ache and is also the name of a district of the city of Dornbirn (in the lower part of the valley).
The valley was formed by indentations in the last great glacial period ( Würm glacial period or Weichsel glacial period ) through glacier advance and glacier movements . Only in the lower area of the valley is there a sufficiently large widening, which enabled economic use (from the former Hämmerle textile factory).
The valley begins inconspicuously at the level of the creek source of the Steinebach at the west foot of the Lank near the border with the community of Schwarzenberg in the parcel "Zweiergrueb" at an altitude of about 1185 m above sea level. A. The valley ends at today's state road L48 (start of Bödelestraße ) at an altitude of about 485 m above sea level. A. Below the L48, the stone boulder cone begins, which joins that of the Dornbirner Ache and on which a large part of the inner city of Dornbirn stands today.
history
When the exact settlement or use of the valley began is no longer known today. The name was given for this valley as early as 1347, as the Mehrerau monastery owned a vineyard in or near the Steinebach valley . Dornbirn viticulture reached its peak in the 15th century. In good years the yield was 4,200 hectoliters.
The use of hydropower was also an important location factor in Dornbirn for industrialization , as hydropower could be used far more cheaply than z. B. steam engines . In 1585 the following mills were in use in Dornbirn according to a princely account book: the mill, called die Segen (the sawmill after which the settlement Sägen is named), the mills in the Kehlen and in Adelsgehr, the Schnellenmüli am Stiglbach (Haselstauderbach), the lower mill on the Stiglbach, the mills in Völckistobel, in the Ried (the old Riedmühle), on the Dornbirnerach, the lower and the upper mill on the Steinebach , the mill in Schnellen, a saw in the Achmühle, a grinding mill and water hammer without a location and one Schleifmühle am Gießen, a predecessor of the Müllerbach .
On November 11, 1658, the municipal council of Dornbirn gave Georg Diem, Martin's son, a farmstead in Oberdorf, Steinebach 1 ob der Zollerin (Sebastianstraße 24) at Caspar Lins (Zanzenberggasse 12) on the Steinebach against interest and stipulated conditions that Diem did not transfer build the line of eaves of the house and barn, for those on the other side of the brook to maintain the sleepers and timbering, make a stripe, and do not complain to the neighbors in any way with building or with watch, furthermore the farmstead neither relocates nor sells, and the community an annual Martinizins of 1 penny.
In the council minutes of the Dornbirn municipality of the 18th century, one can read again and again of the destruction of buildings and flooding by the water of the Steinebach.
Around 1845 rapid bleaching is approved on the Steinebach. In 1846 Franz Martin Hämmerle ( FM Hämmerle , founded in 1836) had a building 13 axes long, four windows wide and five and a half storeys high erected in the lower part of the valley - the Steinebach dye works (yarn and piece dyeing ). In the so-called "Glöckelehaus" from 1826 there was formerly a needle factory, later the offices of the Hämmerle company were housed there (today an inn). In 1853, Franz Martin Hämmerle acquired additional real estate in the Steinebach. In the second half of the 19th century, new structures were built: a dye works, a bleaching plant and also drying towers, which are no longer preserved today. These industrial buildings still dominate the lower part of the valley today.
In 1856 a separate building for gas production for lighting and heating was built for the industrial company in the valley (own production from coal using coal degassing ovens ).
Steinebach biotope
On the northeast exposed slope of the Zanzenberg against the valley of the Steinebach there are mainly brown earth, beech forests and a forest goat's beard - maple forest - ash forest . A few years ago, these were heavily cut down as part of security measures. In the slightly more humid areas against the Steinebach, ash and elm dominate alongside the pedunculate oak and hornbeam . In the herb layer there are often thick wild garlic carpets.
At the Steinebach industrial complex on the south-facing lower slope above the buildings there is a mixed deciduous forest rich in woody species . The forest is dominated by ash trees, with different proportions of hornbeam, mixed ash, sycamore maple and sycamore elm , partly also spruce and fir trees . The condition of the ash trees is sometimes very bad with dead crown areas (see: Ash dieback ). The shrub layer changes in density. The hornbeam tapers very well in places. Small parts of the forest are very light and have dense grass corridors made of riding grass in the herb layer . In the moister hollows on slopes, reeds form small spots. To the east, afforestation with spruce (4 m high) borders the biotope.
Industrial complex
The water power of the Steinebach was already used early on by several mills ("Rochusse Mühle", "Juniores Mühle").
The textile factories built by Franz Martin Hämmerle in Steinebach on around 30,000 m² were also located here because of the water power available. The first turbine ( Girard turbine ), which replaced the previous water wheels, was used in the Steinebach in 1857/1858 to improve the efficiency of water use. The hydropower is still converted into electrical energy in a power station in the Steinebach (Steinebach HNr. 11). Steinebach was one of the most important production sites for FM Hämmerle.
The factory area of the FM Hämmerle company with an area of around 15,000 m² is now used as the “Fabrik Steinebach” industrial park for offices and service areas. There are a little over 60 companies from a wide variety of industries in the Fabrik Steinebach industrial park. The area is managed by FM Hämmerle Holding AG. The former industrial complex still gives the impression of a self-contained little "village".
In the upper area of the industrial building complex there are workers' houses, which are popularly known as "(Little) Bosnia ". The origin of this name is said to be in connection with the acquisition of the previously Ottoman territory of Bosnia-Herzegovina (through occupation ) by Austria-Hungary on the occasion of the “ Berlin Congress ” in 1878 . With the occupation campaign in Bosnia, Austria-Hungary's troops violently broke serious military resistance from the previously dominant Muslim middle class, including some from the Serbian Orthodox population. War returnees are said to have told of their work in the inhospitable country at the “end of the world” for them and to mockingly named the remote small settlement “Bosnia”.
traffic
The old country road from Haselstauden to Hohenems (via Haslach , Mühlebach , Achmühle, Oberdorf , Steinebach and Kehlen - Römerstraße) has been leading past the entrance of the valley for a long time.
Through the lower part of the valley past the industrial complex of the Hämmerle company, the road at the foot of the Zanzenberg leads up to the “Kehlegger Rank” and from there to Kehlegg . The road on the other side of the lower valley area, on the other hand, was known as "Müllerstrasse" as early as 1879.
Between the two streets there is a small, now densely populated, residential and commercial area at the exit of the valley, partly made up of former homes by employees of the Hämmerle company.
Known people in connection with the valley or district
- Ulrich Fabri (1494–1544), humanist , poet , author and doctor ,
- Franz Martin Hämmerle (1815–1878), Austrian textile entrepreneur
- Leo Sebastian Humer (1896–1965), painter ,
- Josef Andreas Rüf (1882–1934), Mayor of Dornbirn
Web links
- The development of the FM Hämmerle factory area "Fabrik Steinebach" in Dornbirn by Christoph Schwemberger on YouTube .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alois Niederstätter, Dornbirn Lexikon , keyword: Agriculture in the Middle Ages. Christian Tumler, Dornbirn Lexicon , search term: "Steinebach, III.".
- ^ Franz Josef Huber , Harald Rhomberg: For the 200th birthday of the textile entrepreneur Franz Martin Hämmerle in Dornbirner Schriften No. 45, p. 42.
- ↑ Whether it's in one of those mentioned grinding mills to a Wetzteinschleife has acted, is not yet explored - see Wetzsteinerzeugung Dornbirn .
- ↑ Alois Niederstätter, Dornbirn Lexikon , search term: trade and commerce in the Middle Ages.
- ↑ Dornbirn City Archives, Documents, No. 663.
- ↑ Dornbirn City Archives: Council Protocol Book (RB2), 1737 - 1768 .
- ↑ Hubert Weitensfelder, Firms and Manufacturers - Vorarlberg Enterprises and Cotton Goods Publishers in Key Words, approx. 1800 to 1870, p. 13.
- ^ Hubert Weitensfelder, Firms and Manufacturers - Vorarlberg Enterprises and Cotton Goods Publishers in Brief, approx. 1800 to 1870, p. 21.
- ^ Textile factories in Vorarlberg; Renate Madritsch , State Conservatory for Vorarlberg
- ^ Werner Matt, Dornbirn Lexikon , search term: Gas production before 1913.
- ↑ Biotope 30119, a total of 6.76 ha .
- ^ Update of the Vorarlberg biotope inventory, Dornbirn - Berggebiet , p. 19 f.
- ↑ Biotope 30155, about 2.74 hectares in size.
- ↑ Update of the biotope inventory Vorarlberg Municipality Dornbirn - Berggebiet , p. 74.
- ^ Albert Bohle, Dornbirn Lexikon , keyword: Müllerstraße, III.
- ^ Franz Josef Huber, Harald Rhomberg: For the 200th birthday of the textile entrepreneur Franz Martin Hämmerle in Dornbirner Schriften No. 45, p. 42.
- ^ Franz Josef Huber , Harald Rhomberg: On the 200th birthday of the textile entrepreneur Franz Martin Hämmerle in Dornbirner Schriften No. 45, p. 50.
- ^ Christian Tumler, Dornbirn Lexikon , search term: "Steinebach, III.".
- ^ Christian Tumler, Dornbirn Lexikon , search term: "Steinebach, III.".
- ↑ Dornbirn Lexicon , search terms: "The Roman road".
- ^ Christian Tumler, Dornbirn Lexikon , search term: "Steinebach, III.".
- ^ Albert Bohle, Dornbirn Lexikon , keyword: Müllerstraße, III.